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1.
Scand J Med Sci Sports ; 34(1): e14518, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37828778

RESUMO

This study aimed to assess the acute effect of a competitive football match on jump performance and kinematic parameters during jump landing in semiprofessional female football players. Twenty-two semiprofessional players (20 ± 3 years) underwent a drop jump task for a posterior video analysis of the landing phase. These measurements were obtained at (1) baseline, (2) after, and (3) 48 h after a competitive football match. A one-way ANOVA with repeated measures was employed to detect differences over the time. There was a main effect of time for maximal knee flexion angle during drop landing (p = 0.001). In comparison with baseline, maximal knee flexion angle was reduced immediately post-match and was still reduced 48 h after the match (63.4 ± 8.6 vs 57.0 ± 11.7 vs 48.9 ± 19.1, p ≤ 0.038). There was also a main effect of time for drop jump height (p < 0.001). Drop jump height was reduced immediately post-match and remained low 48 h after the match in comparison with baseline (27.3 ± 3.6 vs 24.5 ± 2.8 ~ 25.5 ± 3.0 cm, p ≤ 0.002). There was a main effect of time on hip flexion angle during landing (p = 0.001), but the pairwise comparison revealed that this variable was not affected immediately post-match but was lower 48 h after the match than at baseline (50.1 ± 10.1 ~ 50.8 ± 13.2 vs 38.1 ± 17.8 °, p ≤ 0.005). A competitive football match worsened jump performance and several landing biomechanical parameters in female football players, which were still decreased in comparison with baseline even 48 h after the match.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol , Feminino , Humanos , Fenômenos Biomecânicos
2.
Sensors (Basel) ; 24(12)2024 Jun 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38931522

RESUMO

Beach variants of popular sports like soccer and handball have grown in participation over the last decade. However, the characterization of the workload demands in beach sports remains limited compared to their indoor equivalents. This systematic review aimed to: (1) characterize internal and external loads during beach invasion sports match-play; (2) identify technologies and metrics used for monitoring; (3) compare the demands of indoor sports; and (4) explore differences by competition level, age, sex, and beach sport. Fifteen studies ultimately met the inclusion criteria. The locomotive volumes averaged 929 ± 269 m (average) and 16.5 ± 3.3 km/h (peak) alongside 368 ± 103 accelerations and 8 ± 4 jumps per session. The impacts approached 700 per session. The heart rates reached 166-192 beats per minute (maximal) eliciting 60-95% intensity. The player load was 12.5 ± 2.9 to 125 ± 30 units. Males showed 10-15% higher external but equivalent internal loads versus females. Earlier studies relied solely on a time-motion analysis, while recent works integrate electronic performance and tracking systems, enabling a more holistic quantification. However, substantial metric intensity zone variability persists. Beach sports entail intermittent high-intensity activity with a lower-intensity recovery. Unstable surface likely explains the heightened internal strain despite moderately lower running volumes than indoor sports. The continued integration of technology together with the standardization of workload intensity zones is needed to inform a beach-specific training prescription.


Assuntos
Esportes , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Esportes/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Desempenho Atlético/fisiologia , Praias
3.
Sensors (Basel) ; 24(3)2024 Feb 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38339705

RESUMO

Technological development has boosted the use of multi-sensor devices to monitor athletes' performance, but the location and connectivity between devices have been shown to affect data reliability. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether the placement of a multi-sensor device (WIMU PROTM) could affect the heart rate signal reception (GARMINTM chest strap) and, therefore, data accuracy. Thirty-two physical education students (20 men and 12 women) performed 20 min of exercise in a cycle ergometer based on the warm-up of the Function Threshold Power 20 test in laboratory conditions, carrying two WIMU PROTM devices (Back: inter-scapula; Bicycle: bicycle's handlebar-20 cm from the chest) and two GARMINTM chest straps. A one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping test found full agreement between the two situations (inter-scapula vs. bicycle's handlebar). Excellent intra-class correlation values were obtained during the warm-up (ICC = 0.99, [1.00-1.00], p < 0.001), the time trial test (ICC = 0.99, [1.00-1.00], p < 0.001) and the cool-down (ICC = 0.99, [1.00-1.00], p < 0.001). The Bland-Altman plots confirmed the total agreement with a bias value of 0.00 ± 0.1 bpm. The interscapular back placement of the WIMU PROTM device does not affect heart rate measurement accuracy with a GARMINTM chest strap during cycling exercise in laboratory conditions.


Assuntos
Teste de Esforço , Exercício Físico , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Coração
4.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(6)2023 Mar 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36991806

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to study the validity and reproducibility of an algorithm capable of combining information from Inertial and Magnetic Measurement Units (IMMUs) to detect changes of direction (COD). Five participants wore three devices at the same time to perform five CODs in three different conditions: angle (45°, 90°, 135° and 180°), direction (left and right), and running speed (13 and 18 km/h). For the testing, the combination of different % of smoothing applied to the signal (20%, 30% and 40%) and minimum intensity peak (PmI) for each event (0.8 G, 0.9 G, and 1.0 G) was applied. The values recorded with the sensors were contrasted with observation and coding from video. At 13 km/h, the combination of 30% smoothing and 0.9 G PmI was the one that showed the most accurate values (IMMU1: Cohen's d (d) = -0.29;%Diff = -4%; IMMU2: d = 0.04 %Diff = 0%, IMMU3: d = -0.27, %Diff = 13%). At 18 km/h, the 40% and 0.9 G combination was the most accurate (IMMU1: d = -0.28; %Diff = -4%; IMMU2 = d = -0.16; %Diff = -1%; IMMU3 = d = -0.26; %Diff = -2%). The results suggest the need to apply specific filters to the algorithm based on speed, in order to accurately detect COD.

5.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(8)2023 Apr 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37112300

RESUMO

The use of inertial devices in sport has become increasingly common. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of multiple devices for measuring jump height in volleyball. The search was carried out in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences and SPORTDiscus) using keywords and Boolean operators. Twenty-one studies were selected that met the established selection criteria. The studies focused on determining the validity and reliability of IMUs (52.38%), on controlling and quantifying external load (28.57%) and on describing differences between playing positions (19.05%). Indoor volleyball was the modality in which IMUs have been used the most. The most evaluated population was elite, adult and senior athletes. The IMUs were used both in training and in competition, evaluating mainly the amount of jump, the height of the jumps and some biomechanical aspects. Criteria and good validity values for jump counting are established. The reliability of the devices and the evidence is contradictory. IMUs are devices used in volleyball to count and measure vertical displacements and/or compare these measurements with the playing position, training or to determine the external load of the athletes. It has good validity measures, although inter-measurement reliability needs to be improved. Further studies are suggested to position IMUs as measuring instruments to analyze jumping and sport performance of players and teams.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Voleibol , Adulto , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Atletas , Movimento , Bibliometria
6.
Biol Sport ; 40(1): 249-263, 2023 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36636183

RESUMO

Due to the chaotic nature of soccer, the predictive statistical models have become in a current challenge to decision-making based on scientific evidence. The aim of the present study was to systematically identify original studies that applied machine learning (ML) to soccer data, highlighting current possibilities in ML and future applications. A systematic review of PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From the 145 studies initially identified, 32 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. In summary, all articles were clustered into three groups: injury (n = 7); performance (n = 21), which was classified in match/league outcomes forecasting, physical/physiological forecasting, and technical/tactical forecasting; and the last group was about talent forecasting (n = 5). The development of technology, and subsequently the large amount of data available, has become ML in an important strategy to help team staff members in decision-making predicting dose-response relationship reducing the chaotic nature of this team sport. However, since ML models depend upon the amount of dataset, further studies should analyze the amount of data input needed make to a relevant predictive attempt which makes accurate predicting available.

7.
Biol Sport ; 40(4): 1069-1078, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37867749

RESUMO

This study assessed the effects of playing freely and introducing artificial rules on individual tactical behaviour during the team-possession game phase in two youth soccer categories. Thirty-two developmental players from U-14 and U-16 teams participated in the study, which consisted of four identical training sessions and two test sessions performed before and after the intervention. Each team was divided into two balanced groups, free-play and conditioned, that faced each other during three eight-a-side games (Gk + 7 vs 7 + Gk) in all training sessions. The free-play groups played freely, while the conditioned ones did so constrained by artificial rules. Individual tactical behaviour was assessed during a non-constrained eight-a-side match by the distance to centroid, spatial exploration index, their entropy measures, and the regularity of each player's displacement on the length and width of the pitch using a local positioning system. In addition to the average outcomes of all the players all together, the one-by-one analysis considered the mean values of each player to appraise individual responses. While the average outcomes of all the players in both groups and categories barely changed (Cohen's d ≤ small), with a very high inter-player variability, the one-by-one analysis revealed that the training intervention affected each player's tactical behaviour differently. Introducing artificial rules decreased and raised considerably (Cohen's d ≥ moderate) in-width and exploratory regularities of most U-14 and U-16 players, respectively. Therefore, assessing the training effects of game-based interventions from the individual to the whole team may provide unique and meaningful insight regarding the tactical competence of each player.

8.
Biol Sport ; 40(2): 345-352, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37077792

RESUMO

This study aimed to identify the most important variables of male and female beach handball workload demands and compare them by sex. A total of 92 elite Brazilian beach handball players (54 male: age 22.1 ± 2.6 years, height 1.8 ± 0.5 m, weight 77.6 ± 13.4 kg; and 38 female: age 24.4 ± 5.5 years, height 1.7 ± 0.5 m, weight 67.5 ± 6.5 kg) were analyzed in 24 official matches during a four-day congested tournament. From 250 variables measured by the inertial measurement unit, fourteen were extracted for analysis using Principal Component Analysis as selection criteria. Five Principal Components (PC) were extracted that explained 81.2-82.8% of total variance (overview of workload demands during beach handball). Specifically, 36.2-39.3% was explained by PC1 (DistanceExpl, Distance, Distance4-7 km/h, and Acc), 15-18% by PC2 (AccMax, Acc3-4 m/s, Dec4-3 m/s), 10.7-12.9% by PC3 (JumpsAvg Take-Off, JumpsAvg Landing and PLRT), 8-9.4% by PC4 (Distance> 18.1 km/h, SpeedMax), and 6.7-7.7% by PC5 (HRAvg and Step Balance). Sex-related differences were found in the PC distribution of variables, as well as in selected variables (HRAvg, Dec4-3 m/s, Acc3-4 m/s, JumpsAvg Take-Off, JumpsAvg Landing, AccMax, Distance, Distance4-7 km/h, Acc, SpeedMax) with higher values in male players (p < .05). In conclusion, the sex-related PC distribution and workload demands in beach handball should consider for training design and injury prevention programs.

9.
Res Sports Med ; 31(4): 309-318, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34365879

RESUMO

The aims of this study were to identify the key external and internal load variables in professional futsal through principal components analysis (PCA), and analyse the physical performance required by the players in official matches. Data were collected from 14 female players during 10 matches using WIMU PROTM. The PCA selected a total of 22 variables as key indicators of players' load. Specifically, these variables were represented by five principal components. However, a novel finding was that different components were extracted when the analysis was carried out by full match (68.83% of total variance), first half (69.81% of total variance), or second half (65.96% of total variance). Also, this study found that the players decreased their physical performance during the second half. Based on these results, this study may help optimize performance and reduce the injury risk. Performance should not be only analysed considering the full match external/internal load but also specifying by match halves. This is explained by the fact that there were variables that made up the principal components in the first half, but not in the second half or full match. Finally, coaches should adopt training strategies which deal with the decrease in physical performance during the second half.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol Americano , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos Longitudinais , Desempenho Físico Funcional
10.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(12)2022 Jun 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35746288

RESUMO

The objective of the study was to assess the impact of the sampling frequency on the outcomes of collective tactical variables during an official women's soccer match. To do this, the first half (lasting 46 min) of an official league match of a semi-professional soccer team belonging to the Women's Second Division of Spain (Reto Iberdrola) was analysed. The collective variables recorded were classified into three main groups: point-related variable (i.e., change in geometrical centre position (cGCp)), distance-related variables (i.e., width, length, height, distance from the goalkeeper to the near defender and mean distance between players), and area-related variables (i.e., surface area). Each variable was measured using eight different sampling frequencies: data every 100 (10 Hz), 200 (5 Hz), 250 (4 Hz), 400 (2.5 Hz), 500 (2 Hz), 1000 (1 Hz), 2000 (0.5 Hz), and 4000 ms (0.25 Hz). With the exception of cGCp, the outcomes of the collective tactical variables did not vary depending on the sampling frequency used (p > 0.05; Effect Size < 0.001). The results suggest that a sampling frequency of 0.5 Hz would be sufficient to measure the collective tactical variables that assess distance and area during an official soccer match.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol , Feminino , Humanos , Registros , Espanha
11.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(23)2022 Nov 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36501772

RESUMO

Although there is a wide range of validated devices to measure vertical jump height, the degree of interchangeability among them is currently unknown. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to examine the concurrent validity and reliability of multiple devices to measure jump height in men's handball players. METHODS: Sixteen players (age = 24.0 ± 3.7 years old) performed three types of jumps (n= 144-squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and Abalakov jump (ABK)) on a contact platform (CHRONOJUMP®) while simultaneously being measured with two inertial devices (WIMU® and VERT®) and recorded with a high-speed camera. Vertical jump height was analyzed according to each type of jump. RESULTS: The t-test showed statistically significant differences (p = 0.001) between the contact platform (reference standard) and the rest of the tools that tended to overestimate jump height in all jumps. SJ and CMJ proved to be the jump tests with the most stable reliability values in all devices (ICC: 0.92-0.98), except in the comparison with VERT®. CONCLUSIONS: Although all the analyzed devices proved to be valid and reliable in previous studies, they are not interchangeable. Therefore, it is suggested to always use the same type of device to evaluate vertical height jump.


Assuntos
Esportes , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Postura
12.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(9)2022 Apr 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35590988

RESUMO

The general objective of this study was to identify the variation in heart rate (HR) of Portuguese skydivers during 6 moments in their first jump of the day, bearing in mind the variable level of experience. Thirty-one Portuguese skydivers, 28 men and 3 women, aged between 19 and 62, participated in the study, 12 had A and B licenses (less experienced) and 19 had C and D licences (more experienced). The instrument used to record the heart rate of the skydivers at the different moments of their first jump of the day was the WIMU PRO. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyse HR at different moments in the jump and its relation with the variables level of experience. Bonferroni multiple comparisons were performed to study the importance of the differences observed in HR at the different moments. The effect size was evaluated with partial eta squared. The results showed that average HR in this group of skydivers was 130 bpm, in the different moments of the jump. HR increases from the value recorded at rest until the moment of jumping from the plane and opening the parachute, reaching the highest average at that moment, then decreasing until contact with the ground. Comparing the variable, we found that the less experienced had higher HR than the more experienced at all moments during the jump. Statistically significant differences were found at the different moments of the jump, regarding HR (Max: p < 0.001, ƞ2p = 0.820; Min: p < 0.001, ƞ2p = 0.821; AVG: p < 0.001, ƞ2p = 0.834) Level of experience with jumping moment interaction, we only verified differences related to HR Min (p = 0.007, ƞ2p = 0.056),. With regard to experience, the identified differences were not statistically significant. Skydiving triggers an acute adaptive cardiovascular response which is reflected in the increase in the HR, between the moment of boarding the plane and the moment at which the parachute opens, thereafter decreasing until contact with the ground. The most experienced parachutists recorded the highest HR at the moment of landing and the least experienced at the moment of free fall.


Assuntos
Aviação , Adulto , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Portugal , Adulto Jovem
13.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(20)2022 Oct 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36298053

RESUMO

The present study aimed to determine which of the neuromuscular status (NMS) monitoring tests (1: Counter-movement jump, CMJ; 2: back squat with additional load) is the most sensitive and effective for evaluating the state of fatigue in futsal players during the preseason. Seventeen professional futsal players were recruited for this study (age: 23.07 ± 6.76 years; height: 1.75 ± 0.06 m; body mass: 75.47 ± 7.47 kg; playing experience in elite: 5.38 ± 2.03 years). All of them were evaluated during the preseason phase in two tests (CMJ and back squat with additional load) before and after each training session (pre- vs. post-test). A jump platform was used to extract jump height during CMJ, while a linear position transducer was used to extract mean velocity (MV) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV) during the back squat exercise. Significant differences were obtained for intra-subject analysis for MV and MPV in loaded back squat exercise (p < 0.001), finding lower values during the post-test. In conclusion, the monitoring of NMS through the back squat provides greater sensitivity and objectivity in comparison with CMJ, due to a more direct neuromuscular extrapolation to the physical demands of futsal.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Força Muscular , Teste de Esforço , Movimento , Fadiga
14.
J Strength Cond Res ; 36(10): 2862-2867, 2022 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36135033

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Rico-González, M, Pino-Ortega, J, Rojas-Valverde, D, and Arcos, AL. Comparing sampling frequencies to measure collective tactical variables during soccer training. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2862-2867, 2022-The sampling frequency of microsensors that measure the position of the players in team sports is a variable that could affect the accuracy of the measurement. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the sampling frequency on the outcomes of tactical behavior variables during soccer training. Sixteen U16 male soccer players participated in the study. Three tactical variables (change in the geometrical center position [cGCp], mean distance between players [mean-DbP], and total area [TA]) were measured at 4 different sampling frequencies (i.e., 10, 4, 2, and 1 Hz) during a 7+goalkeeper-a-side soccer match by a time motion tracking system using inertial measurement units (IMU; WIMU PRO, RealTrack Systems, Almeria, Spain). Significant (p < 0.01) and substantial (ES = moderate-large) differences were found in the cGCp values across all sampling frequencies. Several significant (p < 0.05) and substantial (ES = small-moderate) differences were found in the mean-DbP values between 10 data per second and the rest of the sampling frequencies. There were no significant (p > 0.05) and substantial (ES = trivial) differences in the TA values across all sampling frequencies. The sampling frequency affects the outcomes of cGCp and mean-DbP but does not affect the values of TA. The outcomes of the studies that assess collective tactical behavior should be compared with caution if GC-related and distance variables were measured using different sampling frequencies. In addition, it seems that a smaller amount of data could be sufficient to measure area variables with greater magnitudes.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Futebol , Humanos , Masculino , Espanha , Esportes de Equipe
15.
Biol Sport ; 39(2): 463-471, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35309539

RESUMO

Most of the reviews carried out in sports science have used the general items suggested by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). Due to the specific requirements of each knowledge area, several modifications of the PRISMA are necessary to optimize the process of the systematic reviews and, in consequence, the quality of the conclusions provided in this type of study. Therefore, this work aimed to adapt PRISMA to provide specific guidelines to carry out systematic reviews in sports science. The methodology criteria (search strategy, databases, and eligibility) and the results section (flow diagrams and study contents) were adapted based on previous studies, and several new considerations were added to design the new guidelines. We compiled 28 items suggested by sports science researchers and included two new items: (i) population/problem (i.e., age, level, and country) and (ii) the entire training process, which is monitored and compared between groups (e.g., total training load). To maximize the benefit of this document, we encourage people to read it in conjunction with the PRISMA statement. The main differences between PRISMA and the PRISMA adapted to sports science were related to registration, search strategy, flow diagrams, and results. Application of the new guidelines could improve the information provided to readers and make it easier to generalize and compare the results in sports science.

16.
Biol Sport ; 39(2): 397-406, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35309541

RESUMO

The aims of this study were to: (a) describe and compare the volume and intensity from the workload of professional soccer players between training and MD, and (b) analyse the effect that the length of the microcycle had on the workload. A cohort study was designed for a full season in La Liga 123. Wearable tracking systems collected the distance covered in meters (m), total number of high-intensity accelerations (ACCHIGH) and decelerations (DECHIGH), total number of high-speed running actions (HSRA), high-speed running distance (HSRD), high metabolic load distance (HMLD), and player load (PL) from training days (MD+1, MD-4, MD-3, MD-2, and MD-1) and MD. Significant differences were found between training and MD workload, MD workload being the most demanding for all intensity and volume variables (F = 36.35-753.94; p < 0.01; wp 2 = 0.21-0.85). The greatest training intensity and volume were found on MD-4 and MD-3 (p < 0.05). In addition, a novel finding was that the length of the microcycle had a significant effect on the workload both in volume and intensity (F = 4.84-14.19; p < 0.01; wp 2 = 0.03-0.09), except for relative ACCHIGH, DECHIGH, and HMLD. Although MD-4 and MD-3 were the most suitable days for loading the players, the results showed that MD elicited a unique stimulus in terms of volume and intensity. Consequently, coaches need to include specific training drills to adapt the players for the competitive demands. Finally, special focus should be placed on MD from short and regular microcycles (5-day, 6-day, or 7-day microcycles) since declines in physical performance were observed in comparison with long microcycles (8-day or 9-day microcycles).

17.
Biol Sport ; 39(1): 110-114, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35173369

RESUMO

Match collective tactical behaviours can be used as a reference to design and select training strategies to improve individual and team performance in professional football. The aim of the systematic review was to cluster the collective tactical variables used to highlight and compare male soccer teams' collective behaviour during professional official matches, providing reference values for each of them. A systematic review of relevant articles was carried out using three electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science). From a total of 1,187 studies initially found, 13 original articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. The articles found concerned studies carried out on the Spanish, Portuguese, English and Brazilian 1st divisions and during the European UEFA Champions League. The team length and width ranged from 31 to 46 m and from 35 to 48 m, respectively. The distance from a defending team's goalkeeper to the nearest teammate ranged from 9 ± 6 to 30 ± 7 m, the goal line-recovery location from 27 to 37 m, and the opponent's goal line from 42 to 50 m. The stretch index ranged from 7 to 16 m. Mean team area was ~900 m2 and the area of the pitch which included all outfield players divided by the 20 outfield players ranged from 79 ± 15 to 94 ± 16 m2. All studies provided greater distance and area values during the team-possession phase in comparison to the non-possession one. The ball location on the pitch determined the collective tactical behaviour of the teams. The differences between halves in the distance and area values were contradictory. Further studies should assess the effect of the interaction between the contextual factors on the collective tactical behaviour to obtain more accurate references. This could help football coaches in the design of suitable training tasks to optimize tactical performance.

18.
Biol Sport ; 39(3): 695-713, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35959320

RESUMO

Since the analysis of worst-case scenarios (WCS) has been increasing knowledge about match demands and possible impacts for the training process, it seems important to summarize the evidence to provide useful information for the soccer community. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence about WCS in professional soccer. A systematic review of PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) was performed according to the guidelines for performing systematic reviews in sport science. From the 85 studies initially identified, 12 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. There was an inverse relationship between the duration of WCS windows and running output during match play. Occurrences of WCS during soccer matches were also position-dependent across studies, at least, when analyzing performance with the total distance covered variable, although different outputs were identified between women and men players. Future research should consider analyzing the impact of contextual variables (match status, team formation, and match location) on peak match values and the weight of these moderators.

19.
Res Sports Med ; 30(4): 425-438, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33657955

RESUMO

This study aimed to describe in-season worst-case scenarios (WCS) of professional soccer players and compare the WCS between training and match days (MD), considering the length of microcycle. A cohort study was designed for four competitive mesocycles in LaLiga123. The WCS of distance covered (DIS), high-speed running distance (HSRD), and sprinting distance (SPD) for four different WCS durations (1', 3', 5', 10') were analysed. Statistical differences between the WCS from training and MD were found at all intensities and periods. The magnitude of differences was moderate in DIS-1' (F= 15.49; p< 0.01; ωp2= 0.09) and DIS-3' (F= 20.99; p< 0.01; ωp2= 0.12), and high in the rest of variables (F= 26.53-89.41; p< 0.01; ωp2= 0.15-0.38). Specifically, the WCS from MD reported the highest values at all intensities and periods. Regarding training days, the greatest WCS of DIS, HSRD, and SPD were found on MD-4, MD-3, and MD+1. Considering the length of microcycle, significant differences (p< 0.05) in training-days' WCS, but not in MD (p> 0.05). In conclusion, specific WCS training programmes (e.g., including 1 min to 10-min training drills in MD-4) may be useful to prepare the demands required on MD.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Exercício Físico , Futebol , Estudos de Coortes , Humanos , Descanso , Estações do Ano
20.
Sensors (Basel) ; 21(10)2021 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34063340

RESUMO

The present study analyzed the multi-location external workload profile in basketball players using a previously validated test battery and compared the demands among anatomical locations. A basketball team comprising 13 semi-professional male players was evaluated in five tests (abilities/skills/tests): (a) aerobic, linear movement, 30-15 IFT; (b) lactic anaerobic, acceleration and deceleration, 16.25 m RSA (c) alactic anaerobic, curvilinear movement, 6.75 m arc (d) elastic, jump, Abalakov test (e) physical-conditioning, small-sided game, 10' 3 vs.3 10 × 15 m. PlayerLoadRT was evaluated at six anatomical locations simultaneously (interscapular line, lumbar region, knees and ankles) by six WIMU PROTM inertial devices attached to the player using an ad hoc integral suit. Statistical analysis was composed of an ANOVA of repeated measures and partial eta squared effect sizes. Significant differences among anatomical locations were found in all tests with higher values in the location nearer to ground contact (p < 0.01). However, differences between lower limb locations were only found in curvilinear movements, with a higher workload in the outside leg (p < 0.01). Additionally, high between-subject variability was found in team players, especially at lower limb locations. In conclusion, multi-location evaluation in sports movements will make it possible to establish an individual external workload profile and design specific strategies for training and injury prevention programs.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Basquetebol , Aceleração , Masculino , Movimento , Carga de Trabalho
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