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1.
Clin Oral Investig ; 27(6): 3139-3148, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36800026

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the possible in vitro effect of the cytokine RANKL and bacteria involved in apical periodontitis on the differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bacteria were isolated (mainly E. faecium and E. faecalis) from the root canal of fifty patients with apical periodontitis, the possible effect of these bacteria on the phagocytic activity of the monocyte cell line THP-1 was analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the effect of these bacteria (alone or in combination with the cytokine RANKL) on the differentiation of THP-1 macrophages into osteoclasts was analyzed through the expression of the receptor RANK and the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase TRAP. Finally, the release of different cytokines (IL-1ß, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70) by THP-1 cells induced to differentiate into osteoclasts was also analyzed. RESULTS: We observed a significant proportion of THP-1 cells were able to internalize E. faecium and E. faecalis. Furthermore, these bacteria were able to induce (alone or in combination with RANKL) a significant expression of RANK by THP-1 macrophages; accordingly, E. faecium and E. faecalis induced very significant levels of TRAP in these cells. Finally, during the differentiation of THP-1 macrophages induced by RANKL or bacteria, a significant release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α was observed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our data suggest that the causative agents of apical periodontitis can induce the differentiation of osteoclasts as well as the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, phenomena that may have an important role in the bone damage observed in this condition.


Assuntos
Osteoclastos , Periodontite Periapical , Humanos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Macrófagos , Diferenciação Celular , Citocinas/metabolismo , Periodontite Periapical/microbiologia , Bactérias , Ligante RANK/metabolismo
2.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 25(2): e252-e261, 2020 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31967983

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pediatric oral hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that can be seen from birth, particularly in females. Hemangiomas are most frequent located in the lips and usually regress spontaneously, thus they do not require any type of treatment in most cases. The present scoping review pretended to synthesize the most relevant and currently available information from the international dental literature published in the last 25 years, regarding the management of pediatric oral hemangiomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An exhaustive literature search was performed in four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane). Initially, 241 related titles and abstracts were found. After the duplication removal, screening, and assessment processes, 37 records were included for full-text reading. Finally, 20 articles in the English language were included in the scoping review for data extraction and assessment. RESULTS: We identified and subsequently discussed three fundamental issues associated to the management of pediatric oral hemangiomas: (i) clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis, and histopathological findings; (ii) evolution and complications; and (iii) current available treatment modalities. CONCLUSIONS: Although these like-tumor lesions are uncommon, pediatric dentistry practitioners must be familiar with the inherent clinical characteristics, diagnosis approaches, and currently available treatment options. Nowadays, surgical removal and non-invasive medical/pharmacologic therapies are the best management modalities for pediatric oral hemangiomas.


Assuntos
Hemangioma , Neoplasias Bucais , Criança , Humanos , Lactente
3.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 25(5): e668-e674, 2020 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32851984

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to describe the bacterial communities associated with pediatric patients with endodontic infections of temporal teeth by targeting the 16S rRNA gene using pyrosequencing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Microbiological samples were obtained from the lower primary molars of thirteen 13 pediatric patients with dental infections. An aspiration method for microbiological sampling was used. The identification of microbiota employing the pyrosequencing method by targeting the 16S gene was performed. RESULTS: Ribosomal 16S RNA gene sequences were amplified, obtaining a total of 16,182 sequences from 13 primary infected molars (13 different individuals) by pyrosequencing. Bacteroidetes phyla (35.15%) were the most abundant followed by Firmicutes (33.3%) and Fusobacteria (10.05%); the presence of specific pathogenic bacteria was determined as well. CONCLUSIONS: The infected root canal of primary teeth contains a high diversity of anaerobic bacteria, and Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Fusobacteria phyla were the most abundant; Prevotella and Streptococcus genera were the most prevalent.


Assuntos
Bactérias , Bacteroidetes/genética , Criança , Humanos , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Dente Decíduo
4.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 23(4): e421-e428, 2018 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29924758

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Craniosynostosis (CS) is a complex condition consisting of the early fusion of one or more cranial sutures in the intrauterine stage. The affected infant exhibits abnormal head shape at time of birth or shortly thereafter. It can be observed in normal individuals (non-syndromic CS or NSCS) or as a part of a multisystem syndrome. The purposes of the present article were to carry out a scoping review on Non-Syndromic CS and to discuss the most important findings retrieved. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The steps of this scoping review were as follows: first, to pose a research question; second, to identify relevant studies to answer the research question; third, to select and retrieve the studies; fourth, to chart the critical data, and finally, to collate, summarize, and report the results from the most important articles. Relevant articles published over a 20-year period were identified and retrieved from five Internet databases: PubMed; EMBASE; Cochrane Library; Google Scholar, and EBSCO. RESULTS: Fourteen articles were finally included in the present scoping review. The following four most important clinical issues are discussed: (i) normal cranial development, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of NCSC; (ii) clinical evaluation of NCSC; (iii) treatment and post-surgical follow-up; and (iv) additional considerations. CONCLUSIONS: NSCS may be present with associated head shapes. Multiple early surgical reconstructive options are currently available for the disorder. Pediatric Dentistry practitioners must be familiarized with this condition and form part of a multi-approach health team as those responsible for the opportune oral health care of the affected child.


Assuntos
Craniossinostoses , Criança , Craniossinostoses/diagnóstico , Craniossinostoses/cirurgia , Humanos
5.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 19(3): 239-242, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30063158

RESUMO

AIM: Oral mucositis (OM) is a painful and inflammatory ulcerative lesion occurring as an adverse effect during chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This condition may cause significant systemic anomalies such as malnutrition, opportunistic infections, and delay in the chemotherapy course. This report aims to describe a case series of 11 ALL patients treated with methotrexate as chemotherapy agent. CASE SERIES: Each patient was carefully followed-up and orally examined for 14 days after their chemotherapy session. OM occurred in all children. Then, the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) management protocol for OM was applied to them. The mean time of the lesion total resolution was 3.7 days. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to emphasise the importance of early detection of OM through a close clinical oral examination of children and adolescents with ALL undergoing methotrexate chemotherapy. Pain/infection control and the maintenance of good levels of oral hygiene are fundamental during the management of OM. Therefore, paediatric dentists need to be part of the oncology care team, and thus contributing and helping with ALL treatment.


Assuntos
Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Metotrexato/efeitos adversos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamento farmacológico , Estomatite/induzido quimicamente , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
6.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 19(2): 134-138, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29790777

RESUMO

AIM: To perform a scoping review of the existing literature in order to gather the most relevant information in the paediatric dentistry field related to the oral management of children affected by Henoch-Schönlein Purpura and associated Glomerulonephritis (HSPG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using scoping review methodology for the screening and selection of valid articles, the steps of this review were the following: first, to pose a research question; second, to identify relevant studies; third, to select and retrieve the studies; fourth, to chart the critical data, and finally, to collate, summarise, and report the results from the included articles. Relevant articles published over a 25-year period, up to July 31, 2017, were identified and retrieved from four Internet databases: PubMed; EMBASE/Ovid; Ebsco/Dentistry & Oral Science Source, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library. RESULTS: By title and abstract screening and after removing duplicates, four articles were finally included in the scoping review. According to the extracted data, the following are the most important clinical issues to be considered: (1) the disease can appear as a consequence of a dental treatment, such as those indicated for oral infectious processes; (2) children with HSPG are highly susceptible to dental caries and apical periodontitis, and (3) in affected children, oral infectious foci must be exhaustively eradicated in order to avoid the dissemination of the infection. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric Dentists should be aware of HSPG, because the disease can be triggered or worsen subsequent to dental treatment. Adequate treatment of oral active infectious processes, together with an exhaustive oral preventive programme and long-term patient screening, are the best management approaches for children with HSPG.


Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Crianças , Glomerulonefrite , Vasculite por IgA , Criança , Humanos
7.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 19(1): 74-79, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29569459

RESUMO

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of a Video Eyeglasses/Earphones System (VEES) as distracting device in reducing anxiety in children during dental procedures carried out under local anaesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this crossover clinical trial, 36 Frankl scale II and III children aged 5-8 years received different dental procedures in two sessions, with and without the VEES system. In the control visit, they were not exposed to this distraction stimulus, but traditional non-aversive behaviour management was applied. Each dental session was divided into four phases (explanation, anaesthetic injection, rubber-dam/clamp placement, and high-speed hand piece work for 5 min). Pain in each treatment phase was assessed by the following measurements: the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale. Pulse rate, and oxygen saturation measurements were employed to evaluate the state of anxiety. Comparison of the outcomes of two interventions were statistically analysed through the Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between the results of the two interventions (VEES vs. no VEES/behavioural management) during the four treatment phases on assessment by any of the measurements employed. CONCLUSIONS: The VEES method was not more effective than traditional non-aversive behavioural techniques for reducing anxiety and pain perception in children undergoing dental treatment.


Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/prevenção & controle , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/métodos , Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas , Óculos , Criança , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Medição da Dor
8.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 22(4): e458-e466, 2017 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28624838

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) involves a wide range of pathological conditions, such as Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricle Septal Defect (PA/VSD). This disorder leads to the systemic circulation of oxygen-poor blood (cyanosis), with associated features and consequences in the oral cavity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using scoping review methodology for screening and article selection, the primary objectives of this paper were as follows: first, to pose a research question; second, to identify relevant studies in order to answer the research question; third, to select and retrieve the studies; fourth, to chart the critical data, and finally, to collate, summarize, and report the results from the most important articles on the dental management of children affected with PA/VSD. Relevant articles (Randomized Controlled Trials [RCT], reviews, observational studies, and clinical case reports) published over a 10-year period were identified and retrieved from four Internet databases: PubMed; Embase/Ovid; Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. RESULTS: By title and abstract screening and after removing duplicates, 24 articles were finally included in the present scoping review. According to the extracted data, the following are the most important clinical issues to be considered when treating children with PA/VSD in the dental setting: prevalence of dental caries; prevention of dental disease (oral hygiene and diet); bacteremia and infective endocarditis risk, and child behavior control and treatment under general anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric Dentists should bear in mind that early diagnosis and treatment, together a long-term follow-up of children with PA/VSD, continue to be the best approaches for achieving enhanced patient psychological well-being and, in consequence, their good quality of life.


Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Crianças , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos , Atresia Pulmonar , Criança , Humanos
9.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 22(6): e660-e668, 2017 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29053644

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Apert Syndrome (AS), or type I acrocephalosyndactyly, is a rare, congenital craniosynostosis condition resulting from missense mutations in the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 2. It is characterized by three specific clinical features: brachycephalic skull; midface hypoplasia, and limb abnormalities (syndactyly of hands and feet). The disorder exhibits variable presentations in bones, brain, skin, internal organs, and in the oral/maxillofacial region. The aim of the present paper was to show the main results from a systematic review of AS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A search of the literature was performed from April to June 2016 in five electronic databases. Clinical interventional or observational studies, reviews, and case reports were included. The present systematic review was carried out strictly following PRISMA and Cochrane Collaboration criteria. RESULTS: A total of 129 potential references were identified. After reviewing titles and abstracts, 77 of these did not meet the desired criteria and were discarded. The full text of the remaining 52 manuscripts was critically screened. Finally, 35 relevant papers were identified for inclusion in the present systematic review and classified according to topic type. CONCLUSIONS: According to the information gathered, dentistry practitioners must be able to supply an early diagnosis through the recognition of AS clinical features and provide correct oral management. Additionally, they should be integrated in a multidisciplinary medical care team in order to improve the quality of life of the affected patients.


Assuntos
Acrocefalossindactilia/diagnóstico , Assistência Odontológica , Criança , Humanos
10.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 18(1): 61-65, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28494606

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of this article was to describe the essential concepts of the split-mouth design, its underlying assumptions, advantages, limitations, statistical considerations, and possible applications in Paediatric Dentistry clinical investigation. DISCUSSION: In Paediatric Dentistry clinical investigation, and as part of randomised controlled trials, the split-mouth design is commonly used. The design is characterised by subdividing the child's dentition into halves (right and left), where two different treatment modalities are assigned to one side randomly, in order to allow further outcome evaluation. Each participant acts as their own control by making within- patient rather than between-patient comparisons, thus diminishing inter-subject variability and increasing study accuracy and power. However, the main problem with this design comprises the potential contamination of the treatment effect from one side to the other, or the "carry-across effect"; likewise, this design is not indicated when the oral disease to be treated is not symmetrically distributed (e.g. severity) in the mouth of children. Thus, in spite of its advantages, the split-mouth design can only be applied in a limited number of strictly selected cases. CONCLUSION: In order to obtain valid and reliable data from split mouth design studies, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of carry-across effect as well as to carefully analise and select adequate inclusion criteria, sample-size calculation and method of statistical analysis.


Assuntos
Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Odontopediatria , Projetos de Pesquisa , Humanos , Tamanho da Amostra
11.
J Clin Pediatr Dent ; 41(2): 87-94, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28288291

RESUMO

The purpose of this report was to provide the reader with some basic concepts in order to better understand the significance and reliability of the results of any article on Pediatric Dentistry. Currently, Pediatric Dentists need the best evidence available in the literature on which to base their diagnoses and treatment decisions for the children's oral care. Basic understanding of Biostatistics plays an important role during the entire Evidence-Based Dentistry (EBD) process. This report describes Biostatistics fundamentals in order to introduce the basic concepts used in statistics, such as summary measures, estimation, hypothesis testing, effect size, level of significance, p value, confidence intervals, etc., which are available to Pediatric Dentists interested in reading or designing original clinical or epidemiological studies.


Assuntos
Bioestatística , Odontopediatria , Odontologia Baseada em Evidências , Humanos
12.
J Mater Sci Mater Med ; 27(2): 35, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26704552

RESUMO

Conventional approaches to bone regeneration rarely use multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) but instead use polymeric matrices filled with hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphates and bioactive glasses. In this study, we prepared composites of MWCNTs/polycaprolactone (PCL) for bone regeneration as follows: (a) MWCNTs randomly dispersed on PCL, (b) MWCNTs aligned with an electrical field to determine if the orientation favors the growing of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs), and (c) MWCNTs modified with ß-glycerol phosphate (BGP) to analyze its osteogenic potential. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of MWCNTs and BGP on PCL, whereas the increase in crystallinity by the addition of MWCNTs to PCL was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. A higher elastic modulus (608 ± 4.3 MPa), maximum stress (42 ± 6.1 MPa) and electrical conductivity (1.67 × 10(-7) S/m) were observed in non-aligned MWCNTs compared with the pristine PCL. Cell viability at 14 days was similar in all samples according to the live/dead assay, but the 21 day cell proliferation, measured by MTT was higher in MWCNTs aligned with BGP. Von Kossa and Alizarin red showed larger amounts of mineral deposits on MWCNTs aligned with BGP, indicating that at 21 days, this scaffold promotes osteogenic differentiation of HDPSCs.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Poliésteres/química , Células-Tronco/citologia , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Adolescente , Adulto , Osso e Ossos/citologia , Osso e Ossos/fisiologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/instrumentação , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/métodos , Células Cultivadas , Polpa Dentária/fisiologia , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Células-Tronco/fisiologia , Engenharia Tecidual/instrumentação , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Adulto Jovem
13.
Int Endod J ; 49(4): 325-33, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25944414

RESUMO

AIM: To compare the success of an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) after injecting a combination of mepivacaine and tramadol or mepivacaine alone in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) in mandibular permanent molars. METHODOLOGY: This study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Two study groups were selected, each consisting of 28 patients who exhibited SIP on the first or second mandibular molars. All included patients presented with moderate-to-severe preoperative pain according to the modified Heft-Parker visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients were anaesthetized using the IANB technique employing identical cartridges that contained either 1.3 mL of 2% mepivacaine with epinephrine 1 : 100 000 plus 0.5 mL of tramadol 50 mg mL(-1) (experimental group) or 1.8 mL of 2% mepivacaine with epinephrine 1 : 100 000 (control group). After 15 min, anaesthesia was evaluated by a progressive four-test examination, that is numbness of the lip, positive or negative cold test, asymptomatic management of dental hard tissues and access to dental pulp. Success of the IANB was defined as the absence of pain during any of these evaluations. The data were analysed with a chi-square, Fisher's or Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: A total of 74 patients were initially assessed, with 56 patients eventually included and 18 excluded. No significant differences in age (P = 0.384) or gender (P = 1) were found between the two groups. The success rates of anaesthesia with the IANB for the experimental and control groups were 57.1 and 46.4%, respectively. The success rate of anaesthesia in the experimental group was not significantly different (P ˃ 0.05) from that of the control group. The duration of the anaesthetic effect was significantly longer for the experimental group (P = 0.026). CONCLUSION: The combination of mepivacaine-tramadol achieved similar success rates for IANB when compared to mepivacaine 2% epinephrine 1 : 100 000. There was no significant difference in the anaesthetic efficacy between the control and experimental solutions, and none of the solutions tested were completely successful.


Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Anestésicos Locais/uso terapêutico , Nervo Mandibular/efeitos dos fármacos , Mepivacaína/uso terapêutico , Dente Molar/cirurgia , Bloqueio Nervoso/métodos , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Pulpite/cirurgia , Tratamento do Canal Radicular , Tramadol/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula , Medição da Dor , Resultado do Tratamento
14.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 21(5): e637-43, 2016 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27475688

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Preemptive analgesia is considered an alternative for treating the postsurgical pain of third molar removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preemptive analgesic efficacy of oral ketorolac versus intramuscular tramadol after a mandibular third molar surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out. Thirty patients were randomized into two treatment groups using a series of random numbers: Group A, oral ketorolac 10 mg plus intramuscular placebo (1 mL saline solution); or Group B, oral placebo (similar tablet to oral ketorolac) plus intramuscular tramadol 50 mg diluted in 1 mL saline solution. These treatments were given 30 min before the surgery. We evaluated the time of first analgesic rescue medication, pain intensity, total analgesic consumption and adverse effects. RESULTS: Patients taking oral ketorolac had longer time of analgesic covering and less postoperative pain when compared with patients receiving intramuscular tramadol. CONCLUSIONS: According to the VAS and UAC results, this study suggests that 10 mg of oral ketorolac had superior analgesic effect than 50 mg of tramadol when administered before a mandibular third molar surgery.


Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Cetorolaco/uso terapêutico , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Tramadol/uso terapêutico , Analgésicos , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória
15.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 16(3): 212-6, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26418924

RESUMO

AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the rate of sealant retention and microleakage after placement on etched enamel with and without prior deproteinisation. STUDY DESIGN: 75 freshly extracted third molars were randomly assigned to either of two pit and fissure treatment methods. Samples from both groups were etched with 37% phosphoric acid gel for 15 seconds, followed by placement of a sealant, and then subjected to thermocycling for evaluation of sealant retention. After that, specimens were immersed in rhodamine B, sectioned longitudinally, and examined under a confocal laser scanning microscope for assessment of microleakage. Collected data were statistically analysed using chi-square and Fisher exact tests with an α level of 0.05. RESULTS: The rate of sealant retention was similar between the two study groups (P = 0.073), but the rate of sealant microleakage was significantly lower in the enamel deproteinisation group (P < 0.001) than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, we recommend the deproteinisation method prior to enamel acid etching to obtain better clinical results with sealants.


Assuntos
Condicionamento Ácido do Dente , Selantes de Fossas e Fissuras , Proteínas/química , Hipoclorito de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro
16.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 16(1): 56-60, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25793955

RESUMO

AIM: To assess the effect of the daily ingestion of a mixture of probiotics on the amount of Streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity of preschool-age patients with a high risk of caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients, aged between 4 and 6 years, with a high risk of dental caries were included in this pilot study. Patients were randomly assigned to two study groups: the Experimental Group (A) included patients who brushed their teeth and used fluoridated toothpaste in addition to consuming probiotics daily, and the Control Group (B) inclused patients who brushed their teeth and used fluoridated toothpaste but did not consume probiotics. Using the CariScreen, the microorganism count was determined at different times: baseline, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days. To identify the differences between both groups, a Mann-Whitney U test was performed, with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: It was observed that both groups showed similar microbial counts at the beginning of the trial (p>0.05), and a significant decrease in the count at the end of the study was found in the experimental group (p<0.05) 15 days after suspending ingestion. CONCLUSION: We found a significant reduction of RLU values in preschool children who ingested the tested probiotics in relation to the baseline values and 15 days after ceasing consumption.


Assuntos
Boca/microbiologia , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Carga Bacteriana/efeitos dos fármacos , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Fluoretos/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incisivo/microbiologia , Masculino , Dente Molar/microbiologia , Projetos Piloto , Placebos , Streptococcus/classificação , Streptococcus oralis/fisiologia , Escovação Dentária/métodos , Cremes Dentais/uso terapêutico
17.
J Clin Pediatr Dent ; 39(4): 382-6, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26161612

RESUMO

AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous (SC) sedation using midazolam with and without ketamine in non-cooperative pediatric patients undergoing dental treatment. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot clinical trial was carried out in 13 children, aged between 17-46 months, ASA l, Frankl 1. Two sedation schemes were administered SC: Midazolam alone (M), and a combination of Midazolam-Ketamine (MK). Both regimens were administered to the same patient in two consecutive treatment sessions, in accordance with a random assignment. Overall behavior, movement, and crying were assessed according to the modified Houpt scale. Heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, and possible side effects were also monitored. RESULTS: The percentage of non-crying children was always higher in the treatment with MK compared with the treatment with M, but without a significant statistical difference. Regarding variable body movement, the percentage of children without movement was higher in the MK group, although only up to minute 10; no significant differences were found at 20, 30, and 40 minutes, and from minute 40, body movement was lower in the M group. CONCLUSIONS: Midazolam alone and the midazolam-ketamine combination administered subcutaneously resulted in a safe and efficient pharmacological method for providing moderate sedation to non-cooperative pediatric patients undergoing dental treatment.


Assuntos
Anestesia Dentária/métodos , Anestésicos Combinados/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Dissociativos/administração & dosagem , Sedação Consciente/métodos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem , Ketamina/administração & dosagem , Midazolam/administração & dosagem , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento Infantil/efeitos dos fármacos , Pré-Escolar , Comportamento Cooperativo , Estudos Cross-Over , Choro , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças , Método Duplo-Cego , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lactente , Infusões Subcutâneas , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxigênio/sangue , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
18.
J Clin Pediatr Dent ; 38(3): 197-200, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25095312

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible association between maternal S. mutans levels and those of the infant during the period between birth and 5 months and evaluate possible risk factors in the S mutans colonization. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study was carried out comprising 62 infants and their mothers, selected at the time of childbirth. For each infant, a sample swab was taken at 0, 15, 30, 90, and 150 days postpartum; on the same days, a sample was obtained from the mothers. TYCSB medium was employed for identifying the microorganism, which was later confirmed by Gram staining, the catalase activity test, and the API strep test. RESULTS: The final total sample consisted of 60 infants, from which S. mutans was detected in only 2 (3%) at the 150th day of oral sample collection. Of the sample of 60 mothers, 54 exhibited colonization levels. CONCLUSIONS: In the studied sample pairs up to 150 days, it was not possible to demonstrate the presence of a direct relationship between maternal S. mutans oral levels.


Assuntos
Boca/microbiologia , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Carga Bacteriana , Alimentação com Mamadeira , Aleitamento Materno , Estudos de Coortes , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Alimentos Infantis , Recém-Nascido , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Masculino , Mães , Mucosa Bucal/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Irmãos , Língua/microbiologia , Dente/microbiologia
19.
Eur J Paediatr Dent ; 25(2): 120-125, 2024 06 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38501910

RESUMO

AIM: Distraction techniques in paediatric dentistry can be effective in decreasing the child's attention span from an unpleasant or stressful procedure. Distraction is achieved through imagination, audio, and/or visual stimuli. It has been shown that the accompaniment and participation of animals or pets, specifically dogs (Dog-Assisted Therapy or DAT), during medical, oral, and therapeutic activities can improve the physical and mental health of patients, especially children. However, there is limited information available regarding the impact of incorporating a certified therapy dog into the paediatric dental environment as a distraction strategy to alleviate anxiety levels during dental procedures. METHODS: This scoping review aimed to identify and review published articles concerning the use of DAT in paediatric dentistry. The article discusses indications, benefits, and potential risks to human health and safety in clinical settings. Eligible sources encompass clinical trials, observational studies, and narrative reviews written in either English or Spanish and published over the last two decades, sourced from four electronic databases. Ultimately, seven pertinent studies were included in the review. CONCLUSION: DAT presents itself as a promising alternative in managing anxiety and stress among children during dental visits. The integration of a therapy dog and its handler into the paediatric oral care team should be thoughtfully considered by clinicians as a means to enhance the comfort and compliance of apprehensive patients.


Assuntos
Terapia Assistida com Animais , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças , Humanos , Cães , Terapia Assistida com Animais/métodos , Criança , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/prevenção & controle , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/métodos , Animais
20.
Int Endod J ; 46(11): 1056-62, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23561002

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the effect of preoperative oral ibuprofen (IBU) on the success of inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANBs) with mepivacaine containing 1 : 100 000 epinephrine for patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). METHODOLOGY: The present study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The study included two study groups each consisting of 25 patients who exhibited symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of a mandibular posterior tooth. The patients presented prolonged moderate or severe pain (>10 s) after cold testing and indicated their pain scores on a Heft-Parker visual analogue scale. The patients received identically appearing capsules containing either 600 mg IBU (IBUg) or gelatin (placebo, PLAg) 1 h before administration of IANB with 2% mepivacaine containing 1 : 100 000 epinephrine. After 15 min, the anaesthetic blockade was assessed by a three-step examination (lip numbness, positive/negative response to cold testing and clinical discomfort during endodontic access). IANB success was defined as the absence of pain during any of these evaluations. The data were analysed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: All of the patients reported moderate or severe pain before the preoperative procedure. Statistically significant differences were observed between the IBUg and PLAg (P < 0.05); the success rates for the IANB were 72% (IBUg) and 36% (PLAg). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative oral administration of IBU significantly improved the efficacy of IANB in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/administração & dosagem , Ibuprofeno/administração & dosagem , Nervo Mandibular/efeitos dos fármacos , Bloqueio Nervoso , Pulpite/terapia , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Placebos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Pulpite/tratamento farmacológico
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