[Estrogen therapy for the climateric and thromboembolic risk]. / Terapie estrogeniche per il climaterio e rischio tromboembolico.

PIP: Estrogens are very successful in premenopausal and postmenopausal therapy. Synthetic estrogens, such as ethinyl estradiol and mestranol, are used in hormonal contraception, while natural estrogen are used for treatment during and after climaterium. It seems that the major difference between the action of synthetic and of natural estrogens is at the level of the venous endotelial system. It has been proven that the use of synthetic estrogen used in hormonal contraception can increase the risk of thrombotic accidents, and that the risk is even greater in women over 40, or in smokers. Synthetic estrogens can alter lipid metabolism and blood coagulation, and often lead to hypertension. Such complications are not reported with the use of natural estrogens traditionally used in menopausal and postmenopausal therapy.^ieng