RESUMO
PURPOSE: Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a fairly new approach for staging of gynecological malignancies. In the current study, the authors comprehensively reviewed the available reports on sentinel node biopsy of endometrial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors searched Medline, SCOPUS, ISI web of knowledge, Science Direct, Springer, OVID SP, and Google Scholar with the following search terms: "endometrium OR endometrial OR uterine OR uterus AND sentinel". The outcomes of interest were detection rate and sensitivity. RESULTS: Overall, 35 studies had enough information for false negative rate evaluation and 51 studies (including the sub-groups of individual studies) for detection rate evaluation (2,071 patients overall). Pooled detection rate was 77.8% (95% CI: 73.5-81.5%) and pooled sensitivity was 89% (95% CI: 83-93%). Cervical injection, as well as using both blue dye and radiotracer, results in higher detection rate and sensitivity. New techniques such as fluorescent dye injection and robotic-assisted surgery showed high detection rate and sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Sentinel node mapping is feasible in endometrial cancer. Using both blue dye and radiotracer and cervical injection of the mapping material can optimize the sensitivity and detection rate of this technique. Larger studies are still needed to evaluate the false negative rate and the factors influencing the sensitivity before considering this method safe.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Biópsia de Linfonodo Sentinela/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Viés de PublicaçãoRESUMO
Borna disease virus (BDV) naturally infects horses and sheep and induces progressive poliomeningoencephalomyelitis. Here, BDV recombinant proteins of the first open reading frame (ORF-I; coding for p40 nucleoprotein) and the second ORF-II (coding for p24 polymerase cofactor) were immunoblotted with plasma derived from 72 healthy (28 Arabic, 17 thoroughbred and 27 cross-bred) race horses at Tehran in Iran to detect anti-BDV antibodies. In addition, their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were also examined for BDV RNA by a nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at ORF-II. The prevalence of BDV antibodies and/or RNA was 41.2% in Arabic, 23.5% in thoroughbred, and 33.3% in cross-bred horses, but only 17.9, 5.9, and 11.1% of them, respectively, showed positive signals for both BDV antibodies and RNA. Especially, cross-bred horses showed a higher prevalence for BDV RNA, which was detected only in females. In addition, significantly higher prevalence for BDV RNA was observed in Arabic males and thoroughbred females. The BDV prevalence did not increase with aging of the horse. Sequencing at the region of BDV derived from Iranian horses revealed a slight difference from those of Japanese horse- and European horse-derived BDVs even in the amino acid residues, although those in the three groups of Iranian horses were quite similar. Thus, the varied prevalence of BDV was observed with the horse strain or sex in Iranian horses, although BDV sequences were very similar among all three groups in Iran compared with those derived from other countries.
Assuntos
Doença de Borna/epidemiologia , Vírus da Doença de Borna/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Filogenia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Sequência de Bases , Doença de Borna/diagnóstico , Doença de Borna/imunologia , Vírus da Doença de Borna/genética , Primers do DNA , Feminino , Produtos do Gene gag/biossíntese , Produtos do Gene gag/química , Genoma Viral , Cavalos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Japão , Linfócitos/virologia , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Prevalência , RNA Viral/sangue , Valores de Referência , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Ovinos , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The effects of 3, 10 and 20% concentrations of acetylcysteine on experimental corneal wound healing in dogs were evaluated. Experimental corneal wounds were induced surgically, up to the depth of the anterior third of the stroma, in both eyes of 18 dogs. One of the eyes was treated topically with 0.9% NaCl solution three times a day. The contralateral eye was treated topically with acetylcysteine (3, 10 and 20% concentrations) in each of 6 cases separately. Corneal wounds were measured by fluorescein staining every day. The mean time of healing in the 3% group was significantly different from control eyes (6.17 +/- 1.94 days). It was 7.19 +/- 0.75 days in the 20% group and 7 +/- 2 days in the 10% group. The last two groups were not significantly different from the controls (9.67 +/- 3.01 days and 8.17 +/- 3.60 days, respectively).