RESUMO
The use of radiation therapy in the management of skin cancer is variable and often anecdotal. Applied as both primary and adjuvant therapy in patients with both nonmelanoma skin cancer and rarer tumors of the skin, a consensus regarding optimal dosing regimens has not yet been reached. Herein, the authors outline the basic concepts of radiation therapy for tumors of the skin and review its use for high-risk nonmelanoma skin cancer, as well as less common malignancies, including angiosarcoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and sebaceous carcinoma.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Radioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/radioterapia , Carcinoma Basocelular/epidemiologia , Humanos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Radiografia , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Genetic and environmental factors influence the development of psoriasis (Ps) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Recently, we reported that three IL13 polymorphisms, rs1800925, rs20541, and rs848, on chromosome 5q31 conferred the risk for Ps. IL13 encodes IL-13, a Th2 cytokine, and rs1800925 and rs20541 confer risk of asthma. Further, smoking may increase the risk of developing Ps. We examined the association between IL13 polymorphisms, smoking, and PsA in two Ps sample sets genotyped for rs1800925, rs20541, and rs848. We found that the minor alleles (rs1800925*T, rs20541*A, and rs848*A) were significantly associated with protection from PsA versus controls, and that no association with Ps is seen when the PsA cases are excluded. This effect was strongest with rs1800925*T (odds ratio (OR) 0.40, P(allelic) 0.000067). The prevalence of PsA in cases with the rs1800925*CT or TT genotype is about half that of those with the CC genotype (15.5 vs 32.1%, P=0.0002). However, smoking appears to abrogate this effect (CT/TT/non-smoker, prevalence of PsA 13%, OR 0.20, P=0.0001; CT/TT/smoker, prevalence 38%, OR 0.88, P=0.74, CC/non-smoker, prevalence 42% (reference), CC/smoker prevalence 47%, OR 1.21, P=0.47). This study suggests that IL13 polymorphisms associate most strongly with PsA and that smoking may modulate this effect.
Assuntos
Artrite Psoriásica/epidemiologia , Artrite Psoriásica/genética , Interleucina-13/genética , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fumar/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idade de Início , Cromossomos Humanos Par 5 , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo Genético , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Utah/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although it has been established that basal cell carcinoma is an uncommon diagnosis in black patients, the morpheaform subtype is very rare among these individuals. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to present two cases of morpheaform basal cell carcinoma in African-American patients. METHODS: This is a case series and a literature review using the Ovid Medline Database. Key words used in the search include "basal cell carcinoma," "African American," "black," "African," "negros," "morpheaform," "sclerosing," "fibrosing," and "scar-like basal cell carcinoma." The Ovid Medline Database was searched from 1966 to present and was restricted to the English language. RESULTS: A review of the Emory Dermatology clinic charts from 1989 to 2004 revealed two black patients with morpheaform basal cell carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: Although extremely rare, morpheaform pattern basal cell carcinoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis for black patients presenting with nonhealing lesions.