Resilience level, its determinants and its effect on psychological well-being: A cross-sectional evaluation among school-going adolescents of Patna, Bihar, India.

BACKGROUND: Adolescents with higher resilience levels are reported to be less vulnerable to psychological illnesses. The study examined resilience level, its determinants and its effect on psychological well-being among school-going adolescents of Patna, Bihar, India. METHODS: Adopting cross-sectional design we examined resilience levels among the study participants reading in the sixth, seventh and eighth standards of selected schools of Patna district using the Child Youth Resilience Measure-Revised questionnaire during March 2021. Psychological well-being was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Data of in total 468 enrolled participants were analysed using SPSS 22.0. RESULTS: The mean resilience score was observed to be 62.4 ± 8.8. In multiple linear regression analysis using backward method; increasing age (unstandardised beta [ß]: 0.564, standard error [SE]: 0.271, P: 0.038), male gender (ß: 2.753, SE: 0.775, P < 0.001), high per capita monthly family income (≥18 USD [median]) (ß: 1.829, SE: 0.743, P: 0.014), academic satisfaction (ß: 2.003, SE: 0.962, P: 0.038), no history of abuse (physical or mental) in the past 30 days (ß: 2.752, SE: 1.220, P: 0.025) and increasing self-esteem score (measured by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale) (ß: 0.808, SE: 0.098, P: < 0.001) were found to be positive determinants of the total resilience level. Resilience was found to be positively correlated with psychological well-being (spearman rho correlation co-efficient [ρ]: 0.363, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Abuse, academic satisfaction and self-esteem were the modifiable determinates of resilience that could be elucidated in this investigation. Resilience level positively influenced psychological well-being.

Prevalence of diabetes distress and its correlates among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary health center of Bihar - A cross-sectional study.

Context: Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with many complications. Approximately 20% of people living with diabetes suffer from some form of depression. "Diabetes distress" (DD) is used to describe the significant negative psychological reactions related to emotional burdens and worries specific to an individual's experience to manage severe, complicated chronic disease such as diabetes. Aim: To determine the proportion having DD and to identify the sociodemographic and morbidity related factors associated with the presence of DD among adults with Type2DM who are being treated at PHC Naubatpur, Bihar. Material and Methods: This facility based cross-sectional analytical study was done over 3 months among 260 Type2DM patients attending PHC Naubatpur. Sociodemographic details and morbidity related details were collected followed by PAID questionnaire to assess DD. Results: Around 60% of the participants were of age ≤60 years. Majority (63.8%) of the participants were having diabetes from past 1-10years. One-fourth (24.6%) of them were having score of ≥40, therefore having DD. Alcohol consumption and presence of diabetes complications in the participants were found to be independent predictors of DD. Conclusion: This study showed a high (24.6%) prevalence of DD. It is essential to identify high-risk patients with different mental health needs. Healthcare providers should focus on reducing DD and devise ways to increase self-care practices and coping skills.

Level of happiness among medical students in Bihar-An online survey.

BACKGROUND: Happiness is a state of mental well-being and influences the learning and performance of an individual. Medical education due to its academic culture and longer course duration affects the performance and happiness of the students. So, this study was done to assess the level of happiness and the factors associated with it among medical students in Bihar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 321 medical students of all academic years from various medical colleges in Bihar. This study used a self-administered study tool using the online Google Form platform for data collection and assessed the level of happiness using Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was done to find out the predictors of happiness. RESULTS: A total of 34.6% (95% CI: 29.5-39.9%) medical students were happy. Male (38.2%) students were found to be happier than female (29.2%) students. Age, place of stay, physical activity, meditation and yoga, frequent socialization, absence of psychiatric illness, and stressful situation in the family were the independent predictors of happiness. Around 42.4% of students had another career option, and 32.1% had a second thought about a career due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The presence of any psychiatric illness had a significant effect on the happiness level of the students. CONCLUSION: Only one in three medical students is happy. Promotion of physical activity, meditation and yoga, and socialization will improve the happiness and thereby learning among medical students.