Happiness among dentists: a multi-scale, multi-national study from 21 countries.

OBJECTIVES: The extent to which dentists are happy with their profession and their life has not been well studied. The present study aimed to explore the level of happiness, satisfaction with life and psychological well-being among a sample of dental professionals from 21 countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 2,200 dentists from 21 countries. Three scales - Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Affect Balance Scale (ABS) - were used to measure the subjective responses. Data related to demographic and social characteristics were recorded. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used as appropriate. Scales were correlated, and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify the independent determinants of SHS, SWLS and ABS. Data were analysed using the SPSS software program; a value of P <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The overall mean scores of SHS, SWLS and ABS were 18.53 ± 5.06, 23.06 ± 6.25 and 1.26 ± 2.40, respectively, with significant differences found across countries: dentists working in Croatia, Peru and Serbia recorded the highest scores, unlike dentists practicing in Yemen, Syria, and Iraq, who recorded the lowest scores. There were significant, moderately positive correlations between the various scales: SHS and SWLS: r = 0.535, P < 0.001; SHS and ABS: r = 0.58, P < 0.001; and SWLS and ABS: r = 0.533, P < 0.001. Country of practice, age, qualification and monthly income were the significant independent predictors of SHS, SWLS and ABS. CONCLUSION: Country of residence and social characteristics were associated with dentists' responses regarding their feelings and subjective well-being.

Relación entre el espesor del registro interoclusal en céntrica y el error oclusal en la posición retruída de contacto en el articulador semiajustable de tipo arcon / Relation between the thickness of the interocclusal centric registration and occlusal error in the retruded contact position in an arcon semiadjustable articulator

Objetivo. Relacionar el espesor del registro interoclusal en céntrica con el error oclusal en la posición retruída de contacto en el articulador semi ajustable, tipo arcon. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó un juego de modelos de 42 alumnos de la asignatura de Oclusión de una universidad particular, con oclusión clase I, dentición natural, completa hasta segunda molar, libres de signos-síntomas de trastornos temporomandibulares, y con contacto prematuro unilateral y posterior perfectamente verificable. Para reproducir la posición retruída de contacto, se tomaron tres registros de relación céntrica (espesores de 1, 2 y 3 mm). Se observaron tres contactos prematuros a los que se les denominó A1, B1, C1 de acuerdo a los tres registros usados, su ubicación se registró usando folio de 8 µm y cinta de 12 µm. Se cuantificó el error oclusal usando un calibrador digital. Resultados. El error oclusal fue de 0,0 mm,0,46 mm, y 2,01 mm, para el registro A, B y C, respectivamente. El test de Friedman determinó que hay diferencias significativas en el error oclusal presentado por los tres tipos de registro (p=0,00). La prueba de signo de rangos de Wilcoxon, demostró que existen diferencias significativas en el error oclusal ocurrido entre los pares de registros...

Objective. To relate the thickness of the centric interocclusal record with occlusal error in retruded contact position in arcon type se-miadjustable articulator. Materials and methods. A set of 42 casts of occlusion students were taken from a private university presenting occlusion Class I, natural and complete dentition to second molar, free of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, and with premature and unilateral contact perfectly verifiable. To reproduce the retruded contact position three centric relation records were taken with different thicknesses of 1. 2 and 3 mm. Tree premature contacts were observed and were called A1, B1, C1, according to the three records used, its location were recorded using foil tape of 8 and 12 pm. Occlusal error was quantified using a digital caliper. Results. The occlusal error was 0.0 mm, 0.46 mm and 2.01 mm, for the record A, B and C, respectively. Friedman test determined a significant difference in occlusal errors introduced by the three record types (p = 0.00). Wilcoxorf s Sign Test Rank showed significant differences in the occlusal error that occurred between pairs of records A...

Distancia de los contactos interoclusales respecto al surco central de premolares y molares en presencia de abfracciones / Distance of interocclusal contacs regarding central groove premolars and molars in the presence of abfractions

Comparar la distancia de los contactos interoclusales, en máxima intercuspidación, respecto al eje central de premolares y molares, en dos grupos, con y sin abfracciones. Materiales y métodos. La población estuvo conformada por 91 estudiantes de la asignatura de Oclusión de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de San Martín de Porres, de la cual se obtuvo una muestra de 1230 dientes entre premolares y molares, a los cuales se les registró los contactos interoclusales en máxima intercuspidación con un papel articular Accu film II, para determinar la ubicación del contacto; se midió la distancia entre el contacto y el surco central por medio de una sonda periodontal. Posteriormente, se determinó la presencia o ausencia de abfracciones en los dientes analizados y se contrastaron las mediciones entre ambos grupos. Resultados. Luego de analizar los promedios de las distancias de los contactos oclusales con respecto al surco central, por medio de la prueba t de Student, se encontró diferencias significativas en las distancias de los dientes con y sin abfracciones. Conclusiones. Este estudio arroja evidencia que apoya a la teoría de la flexión dental como etiología de este tipo de lesiones, ya que muestra que existe una mayor distancia del contacto oclusal respecto al eje central del diente, en los dientes que presentaron dichas lesiones...

To compare the distance of interocclusal contacts, in maximum intercuspation, regarding the central axis of premolars and molars in two groups, with and without abfractions. Materials and methods. The population consisted of 91 students of thecourse of Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, University of San Martin de Porres, from which a sample of 1230 teeth between premolars and molars was obtained, to which interocclusal contacts in maximum intercuspation were registered with articulating paper Accu II film to determine the location of the contact; the distance between the contact and the central groove by a periodontal probe was measured. Subsequently, the presence or absence of teeth abfractions analyzed and measurements were compared between groups was determined. Results. After analyzing the average of distances of occlusal contacts to the central sulcus, by the Student t test, significant differences in the distances of the teeth without abfractions was found. Conclusions. This study provides evidence that supports the theory of dental bending as etiology of this type of injury, as it shows that there is a greater distance from the occlusal contact with the central axis of the tooth, in those teeth with these lesions...

Biomecánica de los tejidos periodontales / Biomechanic of the periodontal tissue

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue encontrar evidencia relacionada con el comportamiento mec nico de los tejidos periodontales frente a las fuerzas. La descripci¢n de los diversos mecanismos que intervienen para que el periodonto responda eficientemente a las fuerzas tiene una gran relevancia cl¡nica y reflejan su alto potencial adaptativo. Se analiza la participaci¢n del sistema vascular del ligamento periodontal; sus fibras, en cuanto a su organizaci¢n y configuraci¢n histol¢gica; la respuesta del hueso alveolar, y los mecanismos celulares y mediadores qu¡micos relacionados con la biomec nica periodontal. Tambi‚n se describen algunas controversias que existen en relaci¢n a los modelos usados para estudiar el comportamiento mec nico del ligamento periodontal. Comprender los principios fisiol¢gicos y biomec nicos que determinan el comportamiento del periodonto, tiene importancia en los diferentes procedimientos odontol¢gicos de tipo restaurador, periodontal, prot‚sico, quir£rgico, ortod¢ntico, y la cada vez m s frecuente odontolog¡a sobre implantes dentales.

The objective of this review was to find evidence regarding with the mechanical behavior of periodontal tissues against the forces. The description of the various mechanisms involved for an efficient periodontal response to the forces, have a great clinical relevance and reflect its great adaptive potential. The participation of the vascular system of the periodontal ligament is analyzed, its fibers, according to its histological organization and configuration, the response of alveolar bone, cellular mechanisms and chemical mediators related to periodontal biomechanics. Also it is described some controversies that exist about the models used to study the mechanical behavior of the periodontal ligament. To understand the physiological and biomechanical principles that determine the behavior of the periodontium has relevance in different restorative dental procedures, periodontal, prosthetic, surgical, orthodontic, and increasingly on dental implants.