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1.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H ; 236(9): 1328-1339, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35959743

RESUMO

Temporary antibiotic-loaded cement spacers are widely used for treating chronic periprosthetic hip infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term tribological performance of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and (60Co) gamma-irradiated cross-linked UHMWPE (XLPE) self-mated systems as frictional pairs for temporary total hip spacers. A three-axial hip joint simulator, FIME II, was used to test the UHMWPE and XLPE self-mated systems under variable load profiles. A fetal bovine serum solution was used as a lubricant. After simulation tests, wear measurements of damaged coupled surfaces were made with a coordinate measuring machine. Finally, surfaces were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nanoindentation tests. The mass loss test results for UHMWPE were 11.91 ± 3.43 mg for the cups and 4.57 ± 0.92 mg for the heads. Whereas, the results for XLPE showed a significant reduction, with mean mass loss values of 6.59 ± 0.14 mg for the cups and 2.82 ± 0.59 mg for the heads, suggesting the viability of the self-mated XLPE contact pair for a temporary total hip spacer.


Assuntos
Prótese de Quadril , Fricção , Articulação do Quadril , Humanos , Teste de Materiais/métodos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Polietilenos/química , Desenho de Prótese , Falha de Prótese
2.
Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis ; 32(2): 132-139, 2021 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33443925

RESUMO

To compare the effects of oral ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA) as a hemostatic agent versus the use of oral tranexamic acid (TXA) administered in multiple doses pre and postsurgery in patients undergoing elective primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). We enrolled 102 patients that were randomly divided into two groups: received three oral doses of EACA (2000 mg per dose) or three oral doses of TXA (1300 mg per dose). The medication was given according to the following schedule: 2 h before surgery and 6 and 12 h after surgery. The variables analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the hemostatic agents were total blood loss, hidden blood loss, external blood loss, transfusion rate, intraoperative blood loss, decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit values, surgical drainage output, visual analog scale, and surgical complications. There were no significant differences between any of the study variables for the group receiving oral TXA and the group receiving oral EACA (P > 0.05). Our study showed that the use of oral EACA was similar to its counterpart TXA regarding the evaluated parameters. TXA did not have superior blood conservation effects, safety profile, or differences in functional scales compared with EACA in THA. We consider the use of multiple oral doses of aminocaproic acid at the selected dose to be effective as a standard protocol to achieve less blood loss and a lower rate of transfusion and adverse events related to the medication in patients undergoing a THA.


Assuntos
Ácido Aminocaproico/uso terapêutico , Antifibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Tranexâmico/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral , Idoso , Ácido Aminocaproico/administração & dosagem , Antifibrinolíticos/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Ácido Tranexâmico/administração & dosagem , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
J Knee Surg ; 34(4): 383-405, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31491796

RESUMO

Total primary knee replacement results in significant postoperative bleeding. There are reports that 20 to 50% of the patients require a blood transfusion, which has been related to many complications, resulting in the search for strategies to reduce bleeding. The use of oral antifibrinolytics is becoming a low cost and safe way of achieving this goal. The hypothesis of this study was that the use of oral aminocaproic acid could provide similar results to the use of oral tranexamic acid (TXA). The purpose was to compare the effects of oral aminocaproic acid as a hemostatic agent versus the use of oral TXA administered in multiple doses pre and postsurgery in patients undergoing total primary knee replacement. We enrolled 92 patients that were randomly divided into two groups: received three doses of aminocaproic acid (2,000 mg per dose) or three doses of oral TXA (1,300 mg per dose). The drugs were administered according to the following schedule: 2 hours before surgery and 6 and 12 hours after surgery. The variables that were analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the hemostatic agents were total blood loss; hidden blood loss; external blood loss; transfusion rate; intraoperative blood loss; decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit values; surgical drainage output; visual analogue scale; and surgical complications. There were no significant differences between any of the study variables for the group receiving oral aminocaproic acid and the group receiving oral TXA (p > 0.05), with the exception of patients who received TXA, who presented with more adverse events (p = 0.04). Our study showed that the use of oral aminocaproic acid was similar to its counterpart TXA regarding the evaluated parameters. Although patients who received TXA presented an average of 140 mL less blood loss than patients in the ε-ACA group, the difference did not appear to be clinically important, the transfusion rate was very low, and there were no between-group differences in postoperative complications.


Assuntos
Ácido Aminocaproico/administração & dosagem , Antifibrinolíticos/administração & dosagem , Artroplastia do Joelho , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Ácido Tranexâmico/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Idoso , Transfusão de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
4.
Cir Cir ; 86(3): 270-276, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29950742

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES: El sangrado secundario es una de las principales causas de morbilidad después de la cirugía. El etamsilato se ha utilizado con buenos resultados para disminuir el sangrado en diversas patologías, como metrorragias, sangrado intraventricular, prostatectomías, cirugías de catarata y amigdalectomías. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad del etamsilato para disminuir el sangrado en la cirugía de reemplazo total de cadera. MÉTODO: La población se dividió en dos grupos. En el grupo control se realizó la hemostasia de manera convencional; en el grupo experimental se administró etamsilato. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 34 pacientes, de los cuales 17 fueron aleatorizados al grupo de etamsilato y 17 al grupo control. No hubo diferencias en las características de la población entre los dos grupos. Al comparar los valores de hemoglobina preoperatoria y a las 24, 48 y 72 horas posquirúrgicas entre ambos grupos, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Tampoco hubo diferencia en el hematocrito ni en la cuantificación del gasto por drenaje a las 24 y 48 horas. Hubo tres pacientes transfundidos en el grupo de etamsilato y siete en el grupo de control, lo cual no difirió significativamente (p = 0.62). CONCLUSIÓN: En este estudio no se demostró un efecto sobre la reducción de la hemorragia en pacientes sometidos a reemplazo total de cadera con el uso de etamsilato. BACKGROUND: Secondary bleeding is one of the leading causes of morbidity after the surgery. Ethamsylate has been used with good results to decrease bleeding in various pathologies such as metrorrhagia, intraventricular bleeding, prostatectomies, cataract surgeries and tonsillectomies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the hemostatic agent ethamsylate to decrease bleeding in total hip replacement surgery. METHOD: The population were divided into two groups, in the control group was performed the hemostasis conventionally; in the experimental group ethamsylate was administered. RESULTS: A total of 34 patients were included, of whom 17 were randomized to the group of ethamsylate and 17 randomized to the control group. There were no differences in the characteristics of the population between the two groups. Comparing preoperative hemoglobin levels and at 24, 48 and 72 postsurgical hours between the control group and ethamsylate group there was no statistically significant difference. There was also no difference in the levels of hematocrit. In the quantification of expenditure by the drainage there was no difference between the groups at 24 and 48 hours. There were three patients transfused in the ethamsylate group and seven in the control group, which did not differ significantly (p = 0.62). CONCLUSION: An effect on the reduction of bleeding in patients undergoing total hip replacement with the use of hemostatic agent ethamsylate was not demonstrated in this study.


Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Transfusão de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Etamsilato/uso terapêutico , Hemostáticos/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
5.
Cir Cir ; 82(2): 163-9, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25312315

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: in the treatment of early osteoartrosis, analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently used to relieve pain. Currently, platelet rich plasma is used as an alternative in the treatment of osteoartrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of platelet rich plasma compared to paracetamol as a treatment for patients with knee osteoartrosis grade I. METHODS: we evaluated 42 patients who were randomized into two groups. Group one was treated with 5 mL of platelet rich plasma in two applications, while group two was treated with 1 gr of oral paracetamol every 8 hours for 30 days. Both patient groups received supervised physical rehabilitation during the 6 month observation period. Peripheral blood samples were taken to measure plasma IL-1ß, TNF-a and TGF-ß1 levels at day 0 and at 6 months post-treatment. Clinical evaluation was conducted using the KOOS at the start of the study and for every subsequent month during the study period. RESULTS: the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) for group one at the start of the treatment was measured at 30.1 points, whereas at the end, it was measured at 48.2 points, showing a clinical improvement of 60%. There were no statistically significant differences in IL-1ß and TNF-a levels between groups treated either with platelet rich plasma or paracetamol. CONCLUSIONS: Our patients treated with platelet rich plasma showed a statistically significant increase in the serum levels of TGF-ß1, which was associated with an improvement in the clinical evaluation used (KOOS).


Antecedentes: la osteoartrosis se caracteriza por dolor, rigidez articular y crepitación, con datos radiológicos específicos. El dolor se controla con analgésicos y antiinflamatorios no esteroides. En la actualidad, el plasma rico en plaquetas es una alternativa de tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Objetivo: comparar el efecto del plasma rico en plaquetas versus paracetamol en el tratamiento de pacientes con osteoartrosis de rodilla grado I. Material y métodos: ensayo prospectivo y experimental en el que se estudiaron 42 pacientes que se asignaron al azar a dos grupos. Al grupo 1 (experimental) se le indicaron 5 mL de plasma rico en plaquetas, en dos aplicaciones; el grupo 2 (control) se trató con 1 g de paracetamol oral cada 8 horas durante 30 días. Ambos grupos recibieron terapia física supervisada, con un tiempo de seguimiento total de seis meses. Para determinar las concentraciones de sangre periférica se tomaron muestras de IL-1ß, TNF-a y TGF-ß en plasma el día 0 y a los 6 meses. La valoración clínica se realizó con el Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) al inicio y mensualmente durante el estudio. Resultados: los resultados de IL-1ß y TNF-a no mostraron diferencia significativa entre los grupos tratados con plasma rico en plaquetas y paracetamol. La escala KOOS para el grupo 1 al inicio del tratamiento fue de 30.1 puntos y al finalizar el tratamiento 48.2 puntos, con mejoría clínica de 60%. Conclusiones: los pacientes tratados con plasma rico en plaquetas tuvieron un incremento significativo en las concentraciones séricas de TGF-ß1 que se asoció con la mejoría clínica relacionada con el KOOS.


Assuntos
Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Osteoartrite do Joelho/terapia , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Acetaminofen/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Adulto , Animais , Biomarcadores , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/sangue , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite do Joelho/sangue , Osteoartrite do Joelho/tratamento farmacológico , Osteoartrite do Joelho/reabilitação , Estudos Prospectivos , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/sangue , Resultado do Tratamento , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise
6.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 13(6): 592-6, nov.-dic. 1999. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-276543

RESUMO

Desde el inicio del uso del metilmetacrilato como método de fijación en la Artroplastía Total de Cadera(ATC), se ha relacionado la aparición de líneas radiolúcidas (LR) periprotésicas y su progresión, con el diagnóstico de aflojamiento; en ocasiones en ausencia de sintomatología. El objetivo del presente estudio es la evaluación radiológica y correlación clínica de los pacientes en los cuales se realizó ATC y se utilizó metilmetacrilato como método de fijación, valorándose expedientes clínicos y radiológicos de 46 pacientes cuyos procedimientos fueron realizados de enero de 1986 a diciembre de 1995. Treinta y tres artroplastías fueron realizadas en 28 pacientes (16M: 12F) con una media de edad de 59.7 años, se evalúa el componente femoral y el acetabular comparando las radiografías mínimo de 3 años. Para valorar la estabilidad del componente acetabular se utilizaron las tres zonas descritas por Charnley, el nivel clínico de actividad fue evaluado de acuerdo a los criterios propuestos por Jhonston y cols. De los 33 componentes femorales, en las radiografías postquirúrgicas 30 presentaron LR, sólo 3 no la presentaron, de los 30 que sí la tuvieron, en 19 hubo progresión en la extensión de dicha línea, en 14 no progresó y en ninguno se presentó aflojamiento del componente femoral. De los 21 componentes acetabulares 20 presentaron LR en las radiografías postquirúrgicas, sólo una no la presentó, 7 componentes presentaron progresión en los controles radiográficos incluyendo la aparición de la LR en el componente que no la había presentado en las radiografías postquirúrgicas, 14 componentes no progresaron, 2 componentes presentaron aflojamiento aséptico, de estos 2, uno presentó LR en las radiografías postquirúrgicas y el otro no. En estos casos los pacientes fueron sometidos a una cirugía de revisión. Todos los pacientes evaluados clínicamente incluso los 2 que fueron sometidos a cirugía de revisión, no presentaron limitación para la marcha ni para realizar sus actividades cotidianas. Cuatro pacientes refirieron dolor leve en rodilla ipsilateral el cual se atenuaba con el reposo, 5 pacientes refirieron dolor no incapacitante en cadera contralateral que cedía al reposo...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Artroplastia , Artroplastia , Cimentos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Metilmetacrilatos/uso terapêutico , Prótese de Quadril , Ortopedia , Radiografia , Dispositivos de Fixação Ortopédica
7.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 10(1): 19-24, ene.-feb. 1996. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-208081

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, no comparativo en 11 pacientes (13 caderas con necrosis) de noviembre de 1993 a febrero de 1995. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: pacientes en estadios I, II o III de la clasificación de Ficat y Arlet. Fueron excluidos los pacientes en estadios IV O III en quienes una prótesis total pudo estar disponible. El examen físico fue ralizado de acuerdo con la escala funcional de Harris. Los cambios estructurales fueron determinados por radiografías y RMN. En todos los pacientes se realizó descompresión de la cabeza del fémur y se utilizó peroné para dar soporte estructural. Los resultados fueron evaluados clínicamante de acuerdo con la escala funcional de Harris, con radiografías simples y con RMN, en esto último sólo en 5 casos (38 por ciento). Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en los estadios I (100 por ciento) y II (80 por ciento). Todos los casos en estadio III terminaron en reemplazo total de cadera. La importancia de un diagnóstico temprano es enfatizada para lo cual la resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) es muy importante. Esta técnica es efectiva para el tratamiento de la necrosis avascular de la cabeza femoral en estadios tempranos


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ortopedia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Fêmur/cirurgia , Necrose da Cabeça do Fêmur/reabilitação , Fíbula/cirurgia
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