[Update on asthma 2024 - what the ENT specialist needs to know]. / Aktuelles zum Asthma 2024 ­ was der HNO-Arzt wissen muss.

The lifetime prevalence of 8.6% of asthma in Germany reflects the high medical and socioeconomic impact of the disease. Asthma treatment goals have changed during the last decades: from symptom control to symptom prevention, with highly effective, disease-modifying anti-asthmatic drugs (DMAADs) aiming at asthma remission. In order to achieve this goal, phenotyping of patients (including an evaluation of allergies and type 2 biomarkers) is crucial for personalized treatment. The identification and effective treatment of concomitant diseases, such as allergic rhinitis or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), plays a major role for successful treatment. This underlines the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration of otolaryngologists and respiratory physicians in the management of patients with asthma. This CME article informs the reader about current guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of asthma, focusing on clinically relevant recommendations for ENT physicians.

Corrigendum: Determination of aortic characteristic impedance and total arterial compliance from regional pulse wave velocities using machine learning: an in silico study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.649866.].

Novel theory and potential applications of central diastolic pressure decay time constant.

Central aortic diastolic pressure decay time constant ( τ ) is according to the two-element Windkessel model equal to the product of total peripheral resistance ( R ) times total arterial compliance ( C ). As such, it is related to arterial stiffness, which has considerable pathophysiological relevance in the assessment of vascular health. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of the constant τ with the product T MBP cPP , given by heart period ( T ) times the ratio of mean blood pressure (MBP) to central pulse pressure ( cPP ). The relationship was derived by performing linear fitting on an in silico population of n1 = 3818 virtual subjects, and was subsequently evaluated on in vivo data (n2 = 2263) from the large Asklepios study. The resulted expression was found to be τ = k ' T MBP cPP , with k ' = 0.7 (R2 = 0.9). The evaluation of the equation on the in vivo human data reported high agreement between the estimated and reference τ values, with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.94 and a normalized RMSE equal to 5.5%. Moreover, the analysis provided evidence that the coefficient k ' is age- and gender-independent. The proposed formula provides novel theoretical insights in the relationship between τ and central blood pressure features. In addition, it may allow for the evaluation of τ without the need for acquiring the entire central blood pressure wave, especially when an approximation of the cPP is feasible. This study adds to the current literature by contributing to the accessibility of an additional biomarker, such as the central diastolic pressure decay time constant, for the improved assessment of vascular ageing.

Corrigendum: Estimation of left ventricular end-systolic elastance from brachial pressure waveform via deep learning.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.754003.].