Efficacy of Omalizumab for the treatment of Bullous Pemphigoid. Spanish multicenter real-world experience.

BACKGROUND: Bullous Pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune blistering disease. Most patients are elderly and associate multiple comorbidities. Topical and systemic corticosteroids are considered as the first-line treatment for BP and immunosuppressors are used as steroid-sparing treatments but both have side effects and contraindications which are even more common in this elderly population. New treatments targeting interleukins and receptors related to BP pathogenesis have been proposed to decrease this side effects while achieving equal or better effectiveness response rates.Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets IgE that has been proposed for the treatment of BP due to the evidence that IgE autoantibodies play an essential role in BP pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY: To assess the efficacy and security of Omalizumab for the treatment of BP, we carried out a multicenter, retrospective, observational study including patients diagnosed of BP who received omalizumab for at least 3 months from 15 tertiary hospitals in Spain. IgE levels prior to treatment was measured and we evaluate the possible correlation with clinical response. We excluded patients treated with Omalizumab for less than 3 months as we consider this duration is insufficient for a comprehensive assessment of its efficacy. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment we used the percentage of BSA improvement. RESULTS: We included 36 patients. The vast majority associate multiple comorbidities and all patients had used other systemic therapies apart from corticoids before Omalizumab.83% experienced some kind of treatment response and 42% of all patient treated achieved complete response.We did not find any correlation between higher levels and a better response (p=0,1791).All patients tolerated Omalizumab without reported side-effects. CONCLUSIONS: Omalizumab is a good therapeutic alternative for BP as it obtained clinical response in most patients and nearly half of the cases achieving complete response. It showed no side effects which is crucial in elderly patients suffering from BP.

Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris: A Multicentric Case Series of 65 Spanish Patients.

INTRODUCTION: PRP is a rare entity of unknown etiopathogenesis. Lack of clinical practice guidelines makes management challenging for clinicians. OBJECTIVE: To add our experience to the corpus evidence on PRP. METHODS: This was a retrospective, descriptive, and multicentric study of 65 patients with PRP, the largest European case series of patients with PRP ever reported. RESULTS: PRP was more prevalent in men with a mean age of 51 years, yet erythrodermic forms presented in older patients (mean age, 61 years).Six (75%) pediatric patients and 10 (60%) non-erythrodermic adults controlled their disease with topical corticosteroids. However, 26 (68%) erythrodermic patients required biologic therapy as the last and effective therapy for a mean 6.5 months to achieve complete response. CONCLUSION: Our study showed a statistical difference in terms of outcome and response to treatment between children, or patients with limited disease and patients who develop erythroderma.

Clinical Approach to Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Spanish Delphi Consensus.

Despite emerging evidence and advances in the management of atopic dermatitis there a lack of consensus regarding the diagnostic criteria, therapeutic approach, method to assess severity, and patient follow-up for this condition. An expert consensus study was conducted to provide recommendations on the management of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The study used Delphi-like methodology based on a literature review, a summary of the scientific evidence, and a 2-round survey. The agreement of 60 panellists on 21 statements was evaluated. Consensus was pre-defined as ≥ 80% agreement of all respondents. In the first round 6 statements reached consensus. Unanimous consensus was achieved regarding therapeutic goals and patient satisfaction (maintained in the long term and periodic goals reassessment recommended every 3-6 months). In the second round, half of the statements reached consensus, all related to patient follow-up, treatment goals, and atopic comorbidities. The statements that did not reach consensus were related to diagnosis (biomarkers, allergy, and food testing) and starting patients on conventional systemic treatment rather than advanced treatment. The study assessed expert opinion regarding a variety of topics related to the clinical approach to patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, in order to provide guidance on the diagnosis and management of patients with atopic dermatitis.

Treatment of severe atopic dermatitis with tralokinumab in clinical practice: short-term effectiveness and safety results.

BACKGROUND: Tralokinumab was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and is the first selective interleukin (IL)-13 inhibitor that specifically neutralizes IL-13 with high affinity. OBJECTIVES: To determine the real-life short-term effectiveness and safety of tralokinumab treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. METHODS: A multicentre retrospective study was conducted including adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD who started tralokinumab treatment from 1 April to 30 June 2022 in 16 Spanish hospitals. Demographic and disease characteristics, severity and quality of life scales were collected at the baseline visit and at weeks 4 and 16. RESULTS: Eighty-five patients were included. Twenty-seven patients (32%) were non-naive to advanced therapy (biological or Janus kinase inhibitors inhibitors). All included patients had severe disease with baseline Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores of 25.4 (SD 8.1), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 15.8 (5.4) and peak pruritus numerical rating scale (PP-NRS) 8.1 (1.8) and 65% had an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) of 4. At week 16, there was improvement on all scales. The mean EASI decreased to 7.5 (SD 6.9, 70% improvement), SCORing Atopic Dermatitis improved 64% and PP-NRS, 57%. Also, 82%, 58% and 21% of the patients achieved EASI 50, 75 and 90, respectively. The percentage of EASI 75 responders was significantly higher among the naive vs. non-naive groups (67% vs. 41%). The safety profile was acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: Patients, with a long history of disease and prior multidrug failure, showed a good response to tralokinumab, confirming clinical trial results.

Effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab for the treatment of psoriasis in real-world settings at 24 weeks: A retrospective, observational, multicentre study by the Spanish Psoriasis Group.

BACKGROUND: Tildrakizumab is a humanized, IgG1/κ antibody that interacts with the p19 subunit of interleukin 23. It is approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Real-world evidence on the effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab is limited. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab at 24 weeks in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in routine clinical practice. METHODS: Retrospective, observational, multicentre study including adult patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis treated with tildrakizumab under real-life conditions. Patient data were extracted from anonymized electronic medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22. RESULTS: A total of 190 patients were included. About 53.9% were men with a mean age of 51.45 (SD 3.9) and a mean BMI of 29.13 (SD 6.21). About 79.8% (132 out of 190) of patients had previously received biological therapy (BT) and 17.3% (33 out of 191) had psoriatic arthritis. Baseline PASI was 10.7 (SD 6.53). Up to 109 patients reached Week 24 and at this point mean baseline PASI decreased to 1.7 (SD 4.8), representing an 88.79% mean PASI reduction. At 6 months, 87.1% and 40.3% of the treated patients achieved PASI ≤3 and ≤1, respectively. At Week 24 mean BSA decreased from 13.2 (SD 10.07) to 1.6 (SD 4.40) and mean DLQI went from 12.5 (SD 7.12) to 1.2 (SD 3.27). Multivariate analysis showed no differences when effectiveness was correlated with gender, obesity, psoriatic arthritis or prior exposure to BT. The rate of adverse events (AE) was 5.9% (11 out of 190), where infections were the most frequent AE (4 out of 11). One patient suffered a haemorrhagic ictus and one patient died due to causes unrelated to the study. CONCLUSION: Tildrakizumab was effective and safe in a large cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis treated in a routine clinical setting.

Localized Cutaneous Nodular Amyloidosis: A Specific Cutaneous Manifestation of Sjögren's Syndrome.

Primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis (PLCNA) is a rare condition attributed to plasma cell proliferation and the deposition of immunoglobulin light chains in the skin without association with systemic amyloidosis or hematological dyscrasias. It is not uncommon for patients diagnosed with PLCNA to also suffer from other auto-immune connective tissue diseases, with Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) showing the strongest association. This article provides a literature review and descriptive analysis to better understand the unique relationship between these two entities. To date, 34 patients with PLCNA and SjS have been reported in a total of 26 articles. The co-existence of PLCNA and SjS has been reported, especially in female patients in their seventh decade of life with nodular lesions on the trunk and/or lower extremities. Acral and facial localization, which is a typical localization of PLCNA in the absence of SjS, seems to be much more unusual in patients with associated SjS.

Localized Cutaneous Nodular Amyloidosis in a Patient with Sjögren's Syndrome.

Primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis (PLCNA) is included in the primary forms of cutaneous amyloidosis along with macular and lichenoid amyloidosis. It is a rare disease attributed to plasma cell proliferation and deposition of immunoglobulin light chains in the skin. We present the case of a 75-year-old woman with a personal history of Sjogren's syndrome (SjS), who consulted for asymptomatic yellowish, waxy nodules on the left leg. Dermoscopy of the lesions showed a smooth, structureless, yellowish surface with hemorrhagic areas and few telangiectatic vessels. Histopathology revealed an atrophic epidermis and deposits of amorphous eosinophilic material in the dermis with a positive Congo red stain. The diagnosis of nodular amyloidosis was made. Periodic reevaluation was indicated after the exclusion of systemic amyloidosis. PLCNA is often associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases, and up to 25% of all PLCNA cases occur in patients with SjS. Therefore, in addition to ruling out systemic amyloidosis, screening for possible underlying SjS should be performed when the diagnosis of PLCNA is confirmed.

Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis: 10 years from Caccetta's algorithm. A case report and narrative review.

To date, the clinical appearance and histological features of multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis have been well characterized. However, there is no consensus on its treatment. After a comprehensive search of the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library and Database of Systematic Reviews, we have summarized the available clinical evidence regarding the therapeutic approaches already reported for this entity since its first description in 1967. Additional publications were identified within the references of retrieved papers. Sixty-five articles have been revised, resulting in a total of 73 compatible cases. The histopathological features and different classifications used through history have also been considered, updating and completing the available knowledge. Ultimately, we propose topical treatment with 5 % 5-fluorouracil formulated with 10 % salicylic acid as a potential treatment that has been used successfully in a 51-year-old woman at our facility. Further research in form of prospective or comparative studies is encouraged for a better conceptualization of the therapeutics of this disease.

Predictive factors for anti-MDA5 antibody in patients with dermatomyositis: a retrospective multicenter study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody (anti-MDA5) in dermatomyositis (DM) is associated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease and poor prognosis. Early diagnosis is key to improving the prognosis of these patients. The aim was to confirm cutaneous characteristics in patients with anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis and to explore new diagnostic markers for the presence of anti-MDA5 (anti-MDA5+ ). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional retrospective cohort study of 124 patients diagnosed with DM, of which 37 were anti-MDA5+ . Demographic data, laboratory data, and clinical manifestations were collected. RESULTS: Anti-MDA5+ DM is characterized by a distinct mucocutaneous phenotype that includes oral lesions, alopecia, mechanic's hands, palmar and dorsal papules, palmar erythema, vasculopathy, and skin ulceration. We found vasculopathy and digit tip involvement very frequently in anti-MDA5+ patients (p <0.001), being a diagnostic marker of anti-MDA5+ (OR, 12.355; 95% CI 2.850-79.263; p  =  0.012 and OR, 7.447; 95% CI 2.103-46.718; p  =  0.004, respectively). The presence of ulcers deserves special mention, especially in anti-MDA5+ patients, because in our cohort, up to 97% of the anti-MDA5+ patients had ulcers. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with suspected DM with digit tip involvement or vasculopathy, the presence of anti-MDA5 antibodies must be ruled out, as it may be a clinical predictor.

Guselkumab dosing interval optimization in adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis switching from ustekinumab.

Psoriasis (PSO) is an inflammatory disease that emerges as a dysregulation of the interleukin 23 (IL23)/Th17 axis. There are many biologic alternatives to treat PSO that are administered monthly, every 2 months and every 3 months. Guselkumab (GUS) is a fully human monoclonal antibody, that selectively blocks IL-23 through binding to its p19 subunit. There is scarce evidence on dose optimization of GUS in psoriatic patients. Retrospective, observational case series review which includes patients with moderate-to-severe PSO who switched from ustekinumab to GUS as standard dosing or every 12 weeks, regarding daily clinical practice of every dermatology unit. Clinical and demographic data from patients were included from February 2019 to October 2021. Analyses were performed "as observed" using GraphPad Prism version 8.3.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA, www.graphpad.com). A total of 30 patients were included in this study: 20 receiving GUS as standard of care (SC) and 10 receiving an optimized dosing (Q12W) (GUS every 12 weeks without induction). The Q12W group presented greater percentage of comorbidities and was less refractory to previous biologic treatments. After receiving GUS as SC or Q12W, psoriasis area severity index and dermatology life quality index improved dramatically in both groups up to 52 weeks. Survival was 87.2% and 100% for the SC and Q12W, respectively, and there were not safety signals. Our case series of 10 patients receiving GUS every 12 weeks without induction showed a good effectiveness and safety profile accompanied by an excellent treatment survival. However, more studies are needed to provide strong evidence of dosing alternatives different than SC.

Guselkumab as a switching strategy after anti-TNFα, anti-IL17, or anti-IL12/23 therapies in moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

The IL23/Th17 axis plays a strategic role in psoriasis (PSO). Guselkumab (GUS) is a selective inhibitor of the IL23p19 subunit. Its introduction has managed to increase the levels of efficacy, safety and survival in PSO. In real clinical practice, patients can loss effectiveness or suffered adverse events that forces a change in their treatments. There is scarce evidence of the effectiveness, safety, and survival of GUS in real clinical practice after anti-TNFα, anti-IL17, and/or anti-IL12/23. This is multicenter, observational and retrospective study of real clinical practice includes patients with moderate-to-severe plaque PSO in treatment with GUS. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of GUS after anti-TNFα, anti-IL17, and anti-IL12/23. The study includes clinical information from February 2019 to February 2022. PASI, BSA, Pruritus, DLQI, survival, and safety were evaluated up to 76 weeks. Analyses were performed "as observed" using GraphPad Prism version 8.3.0 for Windows. A total of 103 patients were included in the analysis. At baseline there were significant differences between the anti-TNF, anti-IL17, and anti-IL12/23 groups for (1) dyslipidemia; (2) number of previous biological treatments and (3) PASI, BSA, VAS Pruritus, and DLQI scores. The effectiveness of GUS in terms of PASI, BSA, Pruritus, and DLQI was not impacted by previous biological alternatives. Treatment survival including discontinuations due to lack of effectiveness or safety reasons was 100%, 92.7%, and 92.1% for anti-TNFα, anti-IL17, and anti-IL12/23, respectively, at 130 weeks. No differences were found between groups. One adverse event was reported in the anti-LI12/23 group. The mid-term effectiveness, safety and survival of GUS if not impacted by previous biological therapy as anti-TNFα, anti-IL17, and/or anti-IL12/23. Our results indicate that GUS could be a switching strategy in patients who fail or present AE to other biological alternatives in moderate-to-severe PSO.

Mini pulse corticosteroid therapy with oral dexamethasone for moderate to severe alopecia areata: A multicentric study.

Extensive subtypes of alopecia areata (AA) (totalis, universalis, or multifocal) still have no approved and effective treatments in Europe, although Janus kinase inhibitors, such as baricitinib, are promising treatments that have been recently approved by the FDA. Nowadays, the higher costs and the lower experience with Janus kinase inhibitors, provide more difficulties in its accessibility. On the other hand, different corticosteroids regimens have been evaluated with conflicting results from decades. In 2016, a new regimen of mini pulse corticosteroid therapy with oral dexamethasone (MPCT-OD) 0.1mg/kg/day twice per week for adult patients with alopecia areata totalis or universalis, was reported to be effective with a lower rate of adverse effects. We performed a retrospective and multicentric study to collect data from patients with extensive forms of alopecia areata who had received MPCTOD (0.1 mg/kg/day twice weekly of dexamethasone) for at least 24 weeks. We included adult patients (≥18 years) with extensive forms of AA (SALT index ≥ 10) that did not respond to previous treatments. Variables including epidemiological and clinical data were recorded. Therapeutic response was assessed through the % change in SALT score (from 0 to 100%) and the changes in eyebrow and eyelash alopecia index (EBA, ELA) from baseline to 24 weeks after the beginning of the treatment. Dexamethasone dosage, duration of the treatment, time until response, time to relapse, adverse effects, and discontinuation were also recorded.

Effectiveness and safety of guselkumab for the treatment of psoriasis in real-world settings at 24 weeks: A retrospective, observational, multicentre study by the Spanish Psoriasis Group.

Data on the effectiveness and safety of a drug in real-world clinical practice complement the evidence from clinical trials, which are carried out in a different setting. Little has been published on the effectiveness and safety of guselkumab in the treatment of psoriasis in clinical practice. The ojective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of guselkumab at 24 weeks in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in routine clinical practice. A retrospective, multicentre study of adult patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis treated with guselkumab for at least 24 weeks was carried out in Spain. We studied 343 patients, 249 of whom were followed for 24 weeks. By week 24, the mean (SD) psoriasis area severity index (PASI) had decreased from 11.1 (7.3) to 1.7 (2.8) (-9.3; [-10.2;-8.4]), 85.9% of the patients had achieved PASI score of 4 or less and 77.9% a PASI score of 2 or less. In terms of relative PASI response, 59.4% of the patients achieved a PASI-90 response and 49.0% a PASI-100 response. On multivariate analysis, two factors reduced the probability of a PASI of 2 or less at 24 weeks: a BMI ≥30 (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22-0.88) and a greater previous exposure to biologic therapy (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, [0.56-0.84]). Adverse events were rare (9.9%) and led to withdrawal from treatment in only nine patients (2.6%) by the end of the follow-up period. The results of this study confirm the high efficacy and safety of guselkumab indicated by the clinical trial data. In clinical practice, the absolute PASI score appears to be a better marker of response to treatment than the relative value.

Combined versus conventional photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion (BF-200 ALA) for actinic keratosis: A randomized, single-blind, prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become one of the most effective therapies for the treatment of actinic keratosis, allowing the removal of more than one lesion in a single session. However, the pain sustained by the patient during treatment and local skin reactions can limit its use. OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy and safety of combined PDT (daylight PDT followed by conventional PDT) vs conventional PDT 12 weeks after treatment. METHODS: The study was performed as a randomized, single-center, non-inferiority clinical trial with two parallel groups. A total of 51 patients with grade I and II AKs on the scalp or face were randomized. Twenty-five patients received one session of combined PDT (combPDT), and 26 patients received one session of conventional PDT (cPDT). The primary endpoint was the reduction of AKs, 12 weeks after treatment. The secondary endpoint was the reduction in pain and local skin reaction. RESULTS: The reduction rate of grade I and II AKs was similar in combPDT and cPDT, showing no statistically significant differences between both groups, 76.67% vs 86.63% [P = .094] and 80.48% vs 83.08% [P = .679], respectively. However, pain was significantly lower in the combPDT group (2.56 vs 5, P < .01), as were local skin reactions. CONCLUSIONS: CombPDT has proven to be as effective as cPDT for the treatment of grade I and II AKs located on the scalp and face. Furthermore, combPDT has been shown to be considerably more tolerable than cPDT, causing only mild local skin reactions.

Guselkumab: Mid-term effectiveness, drug survival, and safety in real clinical practice.

Guselkumab is a fully human immunoglobulin-G1-lambda (IgG1λ) monoclonal antibody that binds selectively to the p19 subunit of interleukin 23. Few series of real clinical practice that reflect the use of guselkumab have been published so far, including the measure of survival at more than 52 weeks. An observational, longitudinal, retrospective study of real clinical practice of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis receiving treatment with guselkumab 100 mg subcutaneous every 8 weeks in five tertiary hospitals in Andalusia (Spain) was carried out. A total of 87 patients were included in this study. Disease severity and treatment response was assessed by PASI, BSA, VAS pruritus, and DLQI at baseline and after 4, 12, 24, 36, 52, and 76 weeks. Data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables, and number and percentage for categorical variables. To determine the differences between visits in PASI, BSA, VAS pruritus, and DLQI a Wilcoxon matched-pairs test was performed. The survival of guselkumab was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Our population presented with a mean age of 49.9 years, 60.9% of them were male, had a mean PSO evolution of 20.4 (9.5) years. A total of 79.3% were obese or presented with overweight and had several comorbidities (dyslipidemia 28.7%, arterial hypertension 23% and 20% diabetes among others). At baseline their disease parameters were: PASI = 14.6 (7.2), BSA = 22.3 (16.6), VAS pruritus = 6.0 (2), and DLQI = 15.8 (5). After 52 weeks their disease improved to PASI = 0.9 (1.1), BSA = 1.0 (1.8), VAS pruritus = 0.47 (0.88), and DLQI = 1.54 (2.50). The percentage of patients who achieved PASI 75, 90, and 100 at 52 weeks was 90.3%, 71%, and 51.6%, respectively. The patients evaluated at week 76 (n = 3) reached PASI 0, BSA 0, and DLQI 0. After 93.4 weeks (1 year, 9 months, and 14 days), the overall survival rate was 94% (4 events were reported). A total of four patients discontinue to AE or lack of efficacy after 76 weeks. Guselkumab showed excellent results in the control of psoriasis in the mid-term with an elevated number of patients maintaining treatment after 52 to 76 weeks and a good safety profile.

Treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma with 7.8% 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion-based gel (BF-200 ALA) and photodynamic therapy: Results in clinical practice in a tertiary hospital.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment option for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC). Recent publications have demonstrated that PDT with 7.8% 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion-based gel (BF-200 ALA-PDT) is an effective and safe alternative for the treatment of sBCC). To investigate the efficacy and safety of 7.8% 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion-based gel (BF-200 ALA)-PDT for the treatment of sBCC. A non-controlled, open-label single centre study was conducted. Patients received one PDT cycle with two PDT sessions one-week apart. In case that clinical-dermoscopy evaluation of treatment outcome revealed remaining lesions, a second PDT cycle was performed. The clinical results at the dermoscopy and fluorescence diagnosis level were histologically confirmed in all patients. Treatment response was evaluated 3, 6, and 12 months after last PDT session. A total of 31 patients (12 men and 19 women), with a median age of 63.74 years were included in this study. 3-month after PDT-session, 23/31 patients were complete responders (74.19%) after two BF-200 ALA -PDT sessions. Esthetic outcome was considered good-to-excellent. 5 Aminolevulinic acid 7.8% nanoemulsion-based gel (BF-200 ALA) PDT is an effective therapy option for the treatment of sBCC. Complete clearance rates were higher in those patients who received only one PDT cycle. These results show a similar tendency as shown in other publications.

Successful treatment of erythematous-squamous disorders of the external auditory canal with tacrolimus and clotrimazole in otic oil: Our experience in 25 patients.

The external auditory canal (EAC) comprises a special area where erythematous-scaly diseases are located. Among the main dermatoses that can affect EAC seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, irritant or allergic contact dermatitis, chronic external otitis (atrial eczematoid dermatitis) and cutaneous lupus should be considered. In this study, 25 consecutive patients were recruited on our dermatological outpatient clinic, 9 men and 16 women, with a clinical diagnosis of localized erythematous-squamous dermatoses in EAC. The mean age was 48.8 years (16-83). The mean time of evolution of the dermatoses was 11.44 months (2-36). Regarding the diagnosis, 14 patients were diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis (56%), 9 patients with psoriasis (36%), 1 patient with subacute cutaneous lupus (4%), and 1 patient with allergic contact dermatitis to corticosteroids (4%). The indicated treatment was tacrolimus 0.1% and clotrimazole 1% in otic oil, twice a day, for 1 month. The EAC had to be cleaned initially with saline solution impregnated on a swab from the ears. The IGA score and pruritus showed a high results, with important improvement of almost all patients. The satisfaction of the patients obtained with the TSQM-9 questionnaire was 95.2. Retreatment showed an equal efficacy observed during the first treatment period. The efficacy and the absence of side effects with the treatment make this magistral formula an adequate therapeutic option for these dermatoses.

Clinically atypical cutaneous mycobacteriosis: A therapeutic challenge.

Mycobacterium caprae, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis in humans and animals, but the incidence in humans is very low worldwide. Direct contact with animals and with unpasteurized dairy products is the most frequent source of contagion. Cutaneous tuberculosis supposes a diagnostic challenge due to its variety of clinical manifestations and the difficulty in demonstrating resistant acid-alcohol bacilli in histological samples. In cases of high suspicion, the initiation of antituberculosis treatment should be considered empirically. Combined therapeutic regimens are necessary to prevent long-term resistance and complications, although the duration of treatment has not been fully established.

Chilblain-like lesions in pediatrics dermatological outpatients during the COVID-19 outbreak.

In Spain, with full confinement measures and coinciding with the pandemic, pediatricians and dermatologists have received, through teledermatology/teleconsultation and social networks, a barrage of diverse images, which have subsequently allowed us to approach some of them by direct physical examination of early and late skin manifestations associated with SARS-Cov-2 infection. We designed a retrospective, cross-sectional study to evaluate the dermatological care of all those patients under the age of 16 who consulted, in person or telematically, for acral lesions (chilblain-like or erythema multiforme-like) in the context of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, since 15 March 2020 to 24 April 2020, both included in the health area of the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada. Of all the patients collected, 18 (66%) were male and the overall mean age was 14.44 years. All lacked a personal history of interest and denied previous episodes of chilblains or Raynaud's phenomenon/disease. The clinic was limited to purpuric lesions located on acral regions distributed on hands and feet. Dermatologists and pediatricians should be aware of the lesions associated with COVID-19 infection and their possible complications. It remains to be identified if there are different dermatological patterns in the pediatric and adult population.

Secukinumab-induced paradoxical hidradenitis suppurativa.

Paradoxical reactions during treatment with biological agents may be defined as an appearance or exacerbation of a pathological condition that usually responds to this class of drug. Typical examples of paradoxical adverse effect are, among others, palmoplantar pustular and psoriasiform reactions or HS, in patients during a treatment of rheumatoid arthitis or IBD mainly. A few reports have been described an exacerbation of psoriasis1, palmoplantar pustular, or pustular psoriasis eruption with secukinumab. Marasca et al. highlights the immunological complexity that surrounds autoinflammatory diseases showing the potential double pathogenetic face of secukinumab in HS, describing a case of secukinumab-induced HS and a case of HS caused by adalimumab treatment and controlled by secukinumab therapy. Real world evidence and results from clinical trials with secukinumab for HS, will possibly show the real role that anti-IL-17 drugs play in this complex disease.