Health needs of indigenous Mayan older adults in Mexico and health services available.

Current data indicate that inequitable health service access is one of the major problems faced by indigenous people in Mexico and around the world. The aim of this study was to analyse the perceived health needs of indigenous older adults in a Mayan region of Mexico and the health services provided to address these needs. It used a qualitative design which explored health needs, perceptions of well-being, experiences with public health services and obstacles in accessing services through semi-structured interviews with 20 older adults, nine traditional healers and seven public healthcare providers from Mayan municipalities in southeastern Mexico during 2013-2014. We identified that cultural differences related to the language, values, beliefs and worldview of indigenous populations are ignored or incorporated only minimally by health services. The provision of services does not correspond to the health needs of indigenous Mayan older adults, and wide gaps still undermine their human rights and health status; despite the establishment of favourable regulations, healthcare services are organised for the non-indigenous population. The conditions of social vulnerability affecting indigenous older adults require that healthcare institutions incorporate an intercultural approach in order to improve the quality of care according to the necessities of the population.

[Gender and physical activity in Mexican women with experience of migration to the USA]. / Género y actividad física en mujeres mexicanas con experiencia migratoria a Estados Unidos de América.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of gender on the practice of physical activity, in women with experiences of migration to the U.S.A. METHODS: Qualitative design with methods based on grounded theory. The information was obtained through in-depth interviews of 19 women living in rural localities in the central zone of Mexico. RESULTS: Through this analysis, a core category arose: social criticism of physical exercise. The results show that married women do not perform physical exercise because, due social norms, it is socially frowned upon and men are responsible for making the decision to permit it. Gender, female identity, women's role as subordinates to men, and social criticism are elements that contribute to understanding the lack of physical activity among these women. CONCLUSION: We suggest that healthcare programs be designed to promote physical activity among adult women in rural areas, taking gender perspective and the population's context into account.

Procesos educativos sobre enfermedad de Chagas con escolares de nivel básico de escuelas públicas de México / Educational processes on Chagas disease in schoolchildren from public schools in Mexico

Se presentan los cambios en conocimientos y prácticas sobre el vector y la enfermedad de Chagas con escolares de México posterior a una intervención educativa. La identificación del vector aumentó posterior a las sesiones educativas (pre=36,15% vs post=79,30%). Aumentaron los conocimientos acerca de la enfermedad de Chagas (30,90% vs 64,72%, valor de p< 0,0001) y de las acciones preventivas para evitar que el vector habite dentro de sus entornos (14,29% vs 61,81%, valor de p< 0,0001). Los escolares pueden jugar un papel fundamental en la prevención de esta problemática(AU)

Género y actividad física en mujeres mexicanas con experiencia migratoria a Estados Unidos de América / Gender and physical activity in Mexican women with experience of migration to the USA

Objetivo Analizar la influencia de la categoría de género en la práctica de actividad física en mujeres de zonas rurales con experiencia migratoria a Estados Unidos de América. Métodos Diseño cualitativo con métodos de la teoría fundamentada; la información fue obtenida a través de entrevistas en profundidad a 19 mujeres que habitan en localidades rurales de la zona central de México Resultados A través del análisis emergió como categoría central la crítica social a la actividad física. Las mujeres con pareja no realizan actividad física porque de acuerdo con las normas sociales es mal visto que la efectúen, y son los hombres quienes toman ladecisión de permitirla. El género, la identidad femenina y la crítica social son elementos que contribuyen a la comprensión de la inactividad física en estas mujeres. Conclusión Es necesario que los programas sanitarios que promueven la actividad física dirigidos a mujeres adultas en zonas rurales, se diseñen tomando como base la perspectiva de género y el contexto de la población.(AU)

Objective To analyze the influence of gender on the practice of physical activity, in women with experiences of migration to the U.S.A. Methods Qualitative design with methods based on grounded theory. The information was obtained through in-depth interviews of 19 women living in rural localities in the central zone of Mexico. Results Through this analysis, a core category arose: social criticism of physical exercise. The results show that married women do not perform physical exercise because, due social norms, it is socially frowned upon and men are responsible for making the decision to permit it. Gender, female identity, women's role as subordinates to men, and social criticism are elements that contribute to understanding the lack of physical activity among these women. Conclusion We suggest that healthcare programs be designed to promote physical activity among adult women in rural areas, taking gender perspective and the population's context into account.(AU)