Challenge Accepted: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) During COVID-19.

The World Health Organization has identified retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) as one of the emerging causes of preventable childhood blindness in developing and middle-income countries. It is becoming a major public health problem in developing countries like India and China. ROP blindness in India is increasing due to the highest number of preterm births in the world, suboptimal neonatal care, lack of awareness, screening programs and treatment not in place, and increasing numbers of neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and special newborn care units (SNCUs) opening all over the country without appropriate ophthalmic care. On top of it, heavier and late preterm babies are developing severe ROP due to the variable quality of neonatal services and insufficient optimal eye care in the NICU and SNCU. The situation become more precarious during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and it became a challenge to motivate health workers and parents to keep the screening and treatment of ROP babies in place.

Missed Intra-Orbital Wooden Foreign Body.

Intra-orbital wooden foreign bodies (IOFB) are always a diagnostic challenge. Those are entered by unmarked trivial injuries, as in our case, may become even more difficult, and maybe notorious and remain quiescent for a long time, before presenting with a variety of complications. It may lead to a more diagnostic dilemma, which can especially occur with wooden foreign bodies (FB) due to the variable nature of radio-imaging. The lack of clinical suspicion may lead to a series of errors both in diagnosis and management, subjecting the patient to unnecessary intervention. In this case report, we will describe a missed wooden foreign body that, after a long quiescent period, presented as an intra-orbital mass.

Malignant Hypertension and the Role of Ophthalmologists: A Review Article.

Malignant hypertension (MHT) is a sudden and severe increase in systemic blood pressure (BP) associated with advanced bilateral retinopathy. It comes under a broader term, called hypertensive emergency, where an acute rise in BP results in end-organ damage. The condition usually requires hospital admission and intensive care management. Although there are lots of sophisticated machines and laboratory tests present to diagnose various organ damage, the role of ophthalmologists will still be at the top. A record of the acute rise of BP to a defining level and simple ophthalmoscopy with high clinical suspicion can save a patient's life and preserve target organ function by timely referral. So, every ophthalmologist should be aware of this dangerous condition. In this review, we have tried to compile all the current knowledge regarding malignant hypertension that an ophthalmologist may require in day-to-day practice.