Biomolecule-Assisted Synthesis of Hierarchical Multilayered Boehmite and Alumina Nanosheets for Enhanced Molybdenum Adsorption.

The effective utilization of various biomolecules for creating a series of mesoporous boehmite (γ-AlOOH) and gamma-alumina (γ-Al2 O3 ) nanosheets with unique hierarchical multilayered structures is demonstrated. The nature and concentration of the biomolecules strongly influence the degree of the crystallinity, the morphology, and the textural properties of the resulting γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2 O3 nanosheets, allowing for easy tuning. The hierarchical γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2 O3 multilayered nanosheets synthesized by using biomolecules exhibit enhanced crystallinity, improved particle separation, and well-defined multilayered structures compared to those obtained without biomolecules. More impressively, these γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2 O3 nanosheets possess high surface areas up to 425 and 371 m2 g-1 , respectively, due to their mesoporous nature and hierarchical multilayered structure. When employed for molybdenum adsorption toward medical radioisotope production, the hierarchical γ-Al2 O3 multilayered nanosheets exhibit Mo adsorption capacities of 33.1-40.8 mg g-1 . The Mo adsorption performance of these materials is influenced by the synergistic combination of the crystallinity, the surface area, and the pore volume. It is expected that the proposed biomolecule-assisted strategy may be expanded for the creation of other 3D mesoporous oxides in the future.

Template-Free Fabrication of Mesoporous Alumina Nanospheres Using Post-Synthesis Water-Ethanol Treatment of Monodispersed Aluminium Glycerate Nanospheres for Molybdenum Adsorption.

This work reports the template-free fabrication of mesoporous Al2 O3 nanospheres with greatly enhanced textural characteristics through a newly developed post-synthesis "water-ethanol" treatment of aluminium glycerate nanospheres followed by high temperature calcination. The proposed "water-ethanol" treatment is highly advantageous as the resulting mesoporous Al2 O3 nanospheres exhibit 2-4 times higher surface area (up to 251 m2 g-1 ), narrower pore size distribution, and significantly lower crystallization temperature than those obtained without any post-synthesis treatment. To demonstrate the generality of the proposed strategy, a nearly identical post-synthesis "water treatment" method is successfully used to prepare mesoporous monometallic (e.g., manganese oxide (MnO2 )) and bimetallic oxide (e.g., CuCo2 O4 and MnCo2 O4 ) nanospheres assembled of nanosheets or nanoplates with highly enhanced textural characteristics from the corresponding monometallic and bimetallic glycerate nanospheres, respectively. When evaluated as molybdenum (Mo) adsorbents for potential use in molybdenum-99/technetium-99m (99 Mo/99m Tc) generators, the treated mesoporous Al2 O3 nanospheres display higher molybdenum adsorption performance than non-treated Al2 O3 nanospheres and commercial Al2 O3 , thereby suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for improving the functional performance of oxide materials. It is expected that the proposed method can be utilized to prepare other mesoporous metal oxides with enhanced textural characteristics and functional performance.

IL-6 and IL-10 Levels in Rats Blood Plasma as Immune Responses Post Radioiodine (I-131) Administration.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of oral administration of radioiodine (I-131) on the immune responses (interleukin 6 and 10) as biodosimetry markers and to support clinical trials of I-131 solution. METHODS: The design of this study was an in vivo experimental study using twenty-seven male rats (Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague-Dawley) given 100 µL of I-131 solution at a dose of 260 µCi. Blood plasma was taken at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 24, 48, 120, and 168 hours post oral I-131 administration, respectively. Rats without radioiodine administration as a control group. The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis was carried out with one-way ANOVA using SPSS version 25 software. RESULT: IL-6 level began to significantly increase at 0.25 hours post administration of I-131 (14.4 pg/mL ± 2.52 pg/mL, p=0.02). During 7 days of observation, IL-6 levels had 2 peaks of highly significant increase at 0.5 hours (43.57 ± 5.28, p<0.001) and 120 hours (24.08 ± 2.69, p<0.001 compared to control (5.44 ± 0.95 pg/mL). IL-10 level began to significantly increase at 0.25 hours (30.32 ± 3.22 pg/mL, p=0.03) compared to controls (20.61 ± 1.59 pg/mL). CONCLUSION: The highest increase in IL-6 and IL-10 levels occurred respectively in the first 0.5 hours 8 times and in the first 0.25 hours 1.47 times compared to controls. Internal irradiation with radioiodine resulted in a significant increase in immune cells in exposed blood plasma characterized by the production of the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10. This appears to be a response of immune cells to reduce or stop inflammatory reactions through the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines in an effort to prevent excessive inflammatory responses that can damage cells and tissues.