Role of luteal phase support on gonadotropin ovulation induction cycles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of luteal phase progesterone support on pregnancy rates in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who were treated for clomiphene citrate-resistant anovulatory infertility with ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination (OI/ IUI). STUDY DESIGN: This randomized study included 110 clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS patients. All patients underwent ovulation induction with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone and intrauterine insemination, up to 3 cycles, and were randomized into 2 groups: (1) luteal support with progesterone or (2) a control group. The main outcomes were clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates per cycle. RESULTS: Demographic data were not different between the study and control groups. Cycle characteristics were found to be homogeneous between groups. A total of 38 pregnancies were achieved (15.5% pregnancy rate per cycle). The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per cycle in progesterone supported cycles were 18.9% and 16.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: There might be a clinical benefit of luteal progesterone supplementation on OI/IUI cycles for women with PCOS. Although we did not reach a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups, luteal-supported cycles demonstrated a 6.7% higher clinical pregnancy rate and 6.1% higher live birth rate.

The effect of pelvic organ prolapse on sexual function in a general cohort of women.

INTRODUCTION: This is a report about the effects of pelvic organ prolapse on sexual function in women. AIM: To determine the effect of pelvic organ prolapse on sexual function in women. METHODS: The study group consisted of 1,267 sexually active women. Baseline characteristics, medical and obstetric history of the patients were recorded. All women underwent vaginal examination to determine the degree of prolapse by pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) system. Of 1,267 women, 342 (27.0%) had prolapse stage ≥2. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The Pelvic Organ Prolapse Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire short form (PISQ-12) scores of the women were recorded. RESULT(S): Women with genital prolapse had lower PISQ-12 scores than women without it. The difference resulted mainly from urinary incontinence during sexual activity, fear of incontinence and avoidance of intercourse due to prolapse. Multivariate analyses showed that genital prolapse was one of the confounding factors for sexual function. CONCLUSION(S): Pelvic floor dysfunction is a multi-faceted problem because it has both anatomical and functional aspects. Although pelvic organ prolapse had an effect on some aspects of sexuality, it has no effect on certain aspects of sexual function such as orgasm and sexual satisfaction.

[Sexual injuries during consensual sexual activity]. / Istemli cinsel aktivite sirasinda olusan cinsel yaralanmalar.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate sexual injury treated in our clinic. METHODS: We evaluated the results of 31 patients (17 males, 14 females; mean age 31,97±11,64; range 18 to 60 years) with sexual injury during consensual sexual activity, who presented to the emergency department between January 2004 and December 2010. Patients' age, etiology of injury, time passed since trauma, physical/operative examination results, type of treatment, duration of hospitalization, and postoperative complications were investigated. RESULTS: Sexual injury occurred in women as vaginal laceration and in man as penile fracture. All of the cases were treated with early surgical repair. Vaginal injuries were formed in virginal girls during the first sexual intercourse. Cases usually complained of vaginal pain and then bleeding during sexual activity. The commonest site of injury was the posterior vaginal fornix. Etiology of penile fracture was sexual intercourse and masturbation. Sudden pain in the penis, edema, color change, and sudden detumescence were the main complaints. Eleven patients had right, 5 had left and 1 had bilateral tunical ruptures, with defects of 0.5-3 cm in length. The patient with bilateral injury had accompanying incomplete urethral rupture. CONCLUSION: Sexual injury can be diagnosed effectively based on history and physical examination, and may be treated successfully with early surgical procedure.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist use in controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination cycles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of ganirelix on controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination (COS/IUI) cycles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study. SETTING: An academic clinical research center. PATIENT(S): Women with PCOS and anovulatory infertility undergoing COS/IUI. INTERVENTION(S): Recombinant FSH therapy was started on day 3. In women assigned to the control group (n = 47), treatment was continued up to the day of hCG administration. In patients assigned to receive GnRH antagonist (n = 42), ganirelix was added when the leading follicle was > or =14 mm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy rates, serum E(2), P, and LH levels, and follicle numbers at hCG day, prevalence of premature luteinization, and cost of stimulation. RESULT(S): Serum E(2), P, and LH levels were significantly lower in the ganirelix group. Although premature luteinization and cycle cancellation was encountered less in the ganirelix group, the pregnancy rates per cycle were similar (15.4% vs. 10.7%). Patients would pay 6,153 dollars more for each pregnancy when using ganirelix. CONCLUSION(S): Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist resulted in more monofollicular development, less premature luteinization, and less cycle cancellation in IUI cycles of patients with PCOS; however, the cost of stimulation increased without an improvement in pregnancy rates.