Identifying High-Risk Subgroups of College Students with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Latent Profile Analysis and Two-Years Follow-up Study.

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) is associated with a heightened overall risk of future psychopathological problems. However, elucidating specific characteristics that determine an increased risk for certain individuals remains an area requiring further exploration. This study aimed to identify latent subgroups in a sample of college students with NSSI. Additionally, it sought to explore the differential associations of these subgroups with their psychopathological status (e.g., borderline symptoms and suicidal tendencies) both at baseline and after two years. The sample comprised 259 participants (89% females, Mage = 20.39, SD = 1.90) who reported engaging in NSSI in the last year. Three latent groups were found. The group exhibiting severe NSSI-features, high emotion dysregulation, and low perceived social support was the profile with high-risk of psychopathology both at baseline and follow-up. The findings enhance our understanding of the complex association between NSSI and future mental health issues, aiding in the early identification of at-risk individuals.

Physical health, primary care utilization and long-term quality of life in borderline personality disorder: A 10-year follow-up study in a Spanish sample.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study physical health and primary care utilization in the long-term course of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and their impact on quality of life (QOL) in a Spanish clinical sample. METHODS: This study is part of a longitudinal study following a clinical cohort with BPD. A total of 41 participants were re-evaluated at 10-year follow-up, when current medical conditions, primary care utilization, and quality of life were assessed. Comparative population data were extracted from the Catalan Health Survey ESCA. RESULTS: 68% of BPD patients reported physical health problems, and 32% informed of multiple medical illnesses at follow-up. Higher rates of musculoskeletal disorders and frequent use of general practitioner (GP) consultations were reported by BPD patients compared to the general population. Differences in physical health and use of primary care services between remitted and non-remitted BPD patients were not significant. BPD remission was independently associated with better long-term QOL. Comorbid somatic diseases worsened the long-term QOL of non-remitted BPD patients. CONCLUSION: Chronic somatic conditions are prevalent in people with BPD and interact negatively with persistent BPD pathology, worsening their QOL in the long-term. Health care strategies in the assistance of long-lasting BPD patients are recommended.

Long-lasting symptoms in borderline personality disorder: Defining an emergent population with differential clinical and therapeutic features.

Although the clinical symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) tend to remit over time, a substantial proportion continues to present "long-lasting symptoms" (LLS). This term refers to individuals who present some degree of clinical improvement, but low mood, feelings of emptiness, and poor psychosocial adjustment typically persist. The aim of this study was to compare the sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables in individuals with BPD with and without LLS. A total of 620 participants with BPD were included and subdivided into two groups: non-LLS group (n = 549, mean age = 28.02 [6.1] and range, 18-40 years) and LLS group (n = 71, mean age = 44.69 [3.6] and range, 41-56 years). The groups were compared in sociodemographic, clinical, and drug treatment characteristics. We also evaluated the impact of dialectical behavioral therapy-skills training (DBT-ST) on polypharmacy. The prevalence of individuals with long-lasting BPD symptoms increased significantly over a 20-year period (from <1% to 16%). The LLS group was characterized by less clinical severity, higher comorbidity with affective disorders but lower comorbidity with eating disorders, more disability, and more medication taking. Patients with LLS who received DBT-ST experienced a significant decrease in the use of benzodiazepines and the number of medications prescribed compared with those who did not receive DBT-ST. Clinicians should be aware of the specific features of older patients with BPD in order to better identify and address their specific therapeutic needs.

Mindfulness y promoción de la salud mental en adolescentes: efectos de una intervención en el contexto educativo / Effects of a mindfulness intervention in Chilean high schoolers

Background: Mindfulness has been conceptualized as paying attention to present moment experience in a non-judgmental manner, and the practice of developing that skill. Aim: To determine the impact of a mindfulness-based intervention on negative emotional states of anxiety, stress, and depression in Chilean high schoolers. Material and Methods: Eighty-eight teenagers aged 13 ± 0.6 years (46 females) were randomly assigned to a mindfulness group or a control (41 and 47, respectively). The mindfulness intervention consisted in eight weekly 45-minute sessions. A depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) was applied at baseline, after the intervention, and at three and six-month follow-up. Results: There was a significant reduction in anxiety, depression, and general symptomatology in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, these changes were not sustained at follow-up. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest the feasibility and effectiveness of a mindfulness intervention in Chilean schools as a strategy to reduce negative emotional states and prevent risk factors in adolescent population groups.

Atención plena: validación del five facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ) en estudiantes universitarios chilenos / Mindfulness: validation of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ) in chilean university students

Este estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar las propiedades psicométricas del Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) en estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Temuco en Chile (n = 399). El FFMQ es una prueba de autoreporte compuesta por 39 ítems, que mide la tendencia general a proceder con Atención Plena a partir de cinco habilidades: Observación, Descripción, Actuar con Conciencia, Ausencia de Juicio y Ausencia de Reactividad. El diseño es descriptivo correlacional, de grupo único. Los resultados muestran una confiabilidad adecuada y la asociación de Atención Plena con dimensiones de personalidad del Modelo de los Cinco Factores de Costa y McCrae, con la Autoactualización de las teorías humanistas y una relación inversa con estados emocionales negativos de depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Los análisis muestran que la versión nacional del FFMQ posee adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para ser utilizado en estudiantes universitarios chilenos y permite discriminar entre meditadores y no meditadores.

This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in university students from the city of Temuco, Chile (n = 399). The FFMQ is a self-report test consisting of 39 items, which measures the general tendency to proceed with Mindfulness by using five skills: Observation, Description, Acting with Awareness, Non-judging of inner experience and Non-reactivity to inner experience. The design is descriptive correlational of unique group. The results show adequate reliability and Mindfulness association with personality dimensions of the Five Factor Model of Costa and McCrae, with the Self-Actualization of humanistic theories and an inverse relation to negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. Analyzes show that the Chilean version of FFMQ has adequate psychometric properties for use in Chilean university students and discriminates between meditators and non-meditators.

Técnica quirúrgica de la querotoplastía penetrante / Surgical technique of the penetrating keratoplasty

Este trabajo describe las técnicas en boga para realizar una querotoplatía penetrante, incluyendo cuidados pre y postoperatorios, técnicas de trepanación del donante y receptor, como también tipos de suturas y algunas maniobras para disminuir el astigmatismo postoperatorio

Estudio cooperativo: epidemiología departamento de córnea Hospital del Salvador (ECEDEC) / Cooperative study: epidemiology of the cornea department of Hospital del Salvador (ECEDEC)

Mil cuatrocientas treinta y siete atenciones del Departamento de Córnea del Hospital del Salvador originadas por 640 pacientes en un lapso de 12 meses, fueron analizadas en un trabajo prospectivo. La edad promedio fue de 43,3 años y un 56,9% fueron mujeres. La patología más frecuente fue el herpes simple con un 19,6% de las atenciones. Las patologías que tienen solución quirúrgica consultaron con mayor frecuencia, y fue así como el control de los pacientes con queratoplastías determinó casi 1/3 de todas las atenciones. El 91,5% de las consultas de pacientes citados correspondieron a pacientes antiguos, a pesar de lo cual hubo mucha patología aguda. El sexo femenino consultó mayoritariamente, con especial relevancia en catarata, queratopatía bulosa, rosácea e hipolacrimia y el masculino lo hizo principalmente en patología traumática. La edad jugó un rol relativo en los diferentes cuadros, ajustándose sus promedios a lo esperado. Las distrofias corneales, especialmente las endoteliales, ocuparon el 4- lugar en frecuencia y el 2- en las atenciones por queratoplastías