RESUMO
The article "MicroRNA-28-5p regulates glioma cell proliferation, invasion and migration by targeting SphK1, by H.-S. Chen, A.-Q. Lu, P.-Y. Yang, J. Liang, Y. Wei, Y.-W. Shang, Q. Li, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (15): 6621-6628-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201908_18551-PMID: 31378904" has been withdrawn from the authors stating that "after our follow-up experiments and in-depth research, we found that the previous experimental data had some loopholes and deviations. After the experiment was improved, we found that some experimental data could not be repeated again. To avoid academic adverse effects, we ask the magazine to withdraw the manuscript". The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/18551.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a conserved class of endogenous and short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of genes involved in diverse cellular processes. MiR-28-5p has been reported to be associated with several cancers, including human glioma. However, the roles of miR-28-5p in glioma development are poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen human glioma tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues were acquired through the Gansu Provincial Hospital. We performed quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) to detect the miR-28-5p expression between 16 paired adjacent normal and glioma tissues, as well as the miR-28-5p expression between normal human astrocytes cells and five glioma cell lines. To examine the functional roles of the downregulated miR-28-5p in glioma, cell viability and colony formation assays were performed for the analysis of cell growth. We overexpressed miR-28-5p by transient transfection of miRNAs mimics and performed the transwell Matrigel invasion assay and transwell migration (without Matrigel) assay. To investigate the roles of miR-28-5p in SphK1 expression, Western blot and Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction assays were performed. RESULTS: In this work, we demonstrated that miR-28-5p is downregulated in glioma tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues. Functional studies showed that miR-28-5p overexpression inhibited the cell viability, colony formation and proliferation; meanwhile, it induced the cell apoptosis. The transwell invasion assay indicated that miR-28-5p blocked the invasion and migration of glioma cells. SphK1 (Sphingosine kinase 1 antibody) is predicted as a targeted candidate of miR-28-5p. Then, the Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot and Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) validated that miR-28-5p negatively regulated SphK1 expression by directly targeting its 3'untranslated regions (3'UTR) in U87 cells. Furthermore, rescue assay suggested that overexpression of SphK1 without its 3'UTR could prevent the miR-28-5p from inducing the inhibition of glioma tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that miR-28-5p could suppress the growth, invasion and migration of glioma cells by suppressing the SphK1 expression. The results demonstrated that miR-28-5p might serve as an important potential therapeutic target for glioma.