[The 3-dimensional organization of the nucleoli of benign and malignant tumor cells from different human organs]. / Trekhmernaia organizatsiia iadryshek dobrokachestvennykh i zlokachestvennykh opukholevykh kletok razlichnykh organov cheloveka.

The method of ultrathin serial sections was used to perform a comparative ultrastructural and 3-dimensional analysis of nucleoli for the following variants of human tumours: benign (fibroadenoma) and malignant (infiltrating ductal carcinoma) tumours of one organ (mammary gland); malignant tumours of epidermal genesis in different organs (squamous cell carcinomas of skin, larynx, lung, gullet, uterus); two forms of malignant tumours (squamous cell and small cell carcinomas) of one organ (lung). The spatial models of nucleoli in these tumour cells are given. The specific signs in architecture of tumour nucleoli was found. Nucleoli of fibroadenomas have well pronounced 1-4 fibrillar centres forming a united system with a lacunar component and intranucleolar chromatin. Unlike benign tumour cells, nucleoli of infiltrating ductal carcinomas are characterized by large, prominent nucleoli containing giant, multiform fibrillar centres with a complicated surface, a well developed granular component and an unusually organized lacunar system. In squamous cell carcinomas of various localization, active, hypertrophied nucleoli with pseudonucleolonemal organization were found. The small cell carcinoma of lung differs from the squamous cell cancer of the same organ by dense, fibrillar nucleoli with a small amount of granular component located on the periphery of the nucleolar body. Nucleolar type reflecting the functional state of malignization process may serve as an additional diagnostic criterion for tumour identification.

[Basal cell cross-reacting antigen in normal and neoplastic human tissues]. / Bazal'nokletochnyi perekrestno reagiruiushchii antigen v normal'nykh i opukholevykh tkaniakh cheloveka.

The method of immunofluorescence was used to study location of the basal cell cross-reacting antigen shared by group A streptococcus, and multilayer epithelium of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, oesophagus, vagina, cervix, urinary bladder, eye conjunctiva, epithelial cells of the mammary and salivary gland ducts of man. The cross-reacting antigen possessing tissue specificity was found in human tumor cells histogenetically associated with the tissues carrying the antigen (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, larynx, cervix) but not in the cells of tumors of different genesis (infiltrative mammary gland carcinoma, adenocarcinomas of the stomach and intestines). The results obtained will serve as the basis for the development of an immunological method for differential diagnosis of poorly-differentiated human tumors and for some problems of histogenesis of neoplasias.

[Antibodies to myocardial muscle fiber sarcolemmic antigens in rheumatism and other heart diseases]. / Izuchenie antitel k asntigenam sarkolemmy myshechnogo volokna miokarda pri revmatizme i drugikh zabolevaniiakh serdtsa.

The work discusses the results of studying by indirect immunofluorescence and the passive hemagglutination test antibodies to sacolemma antigens of myocardial muscle fiber in patients with rheumatic fever as compared to those in patients with affection of myocardium of nonrheumatic origin. The frequency of the detection of antibodies to sarcolemma antigens in sera of patients with rheumatic fever by immunofluorescence correlates with the activity of the process. No differences were revealed in the frequency of detection of antibodies reacting with sarcolemma in rheumatic fever and in other heart diseases in the active phase. Antibodies to sarcolemma antigens contained in HCL-extracts from human myocardium preparations, which are detected in the passive hemagglutination test are revealed significantly more often in sera of patients with rheumatic fever. Control experiments with IgG fractions obtained from whole sera were conducted to remove any possible nonspesific reactions of tissue extracts with the sera tested.

[Immunomorphological (light and electron microscopic) diagnosis of human squamous cell cancer using monoclonal antibodies]. / Immunomorfologicheskaia (sveto- i élektronno-mikroskopicheskaia) diagnostika ploskokletochnogo raka cheloveka s pomoshch'iu monoklonal'ny kh antitel.

It is shown with fluorescent and peroxidase labels for antibodies that the antigen to which the monoclonal antibody A-6/2 is directed, is a marker for cells of the basal stratified epithelium (basal-cell antigen). This antigen persists in squamous cell carcinomas of various sites and degrees of differentiation, but does not occur in tumors of other origins. With electron immunocytochemistry, the antigen was found to be located in tonofilaments and desmosomes of human squamous cell carcinoma. The A-6/2 monoclonal and basal-cell antigen may be used when developing immunomorphologic (light- or electronmicroscopic) procedures for histogenetic diagnosis of these carcinomas.

[Ultraimmunocytochemical diagnosis of squamous cell cancer of the digestive tract]. / Ul'traimmunotsitokhimicheskaia diagnostika ploskokletochnogo raka pishchevaritel'nogo trakta.

Procedure using fluorescent and peroxidase labeling and monoclonal antibodies to basal-cell antigen of multilayer epithelium showed the antigen to occur in squamous cell cancer irrespective of site and degree of cell differentiation; this, however, was not the case with tumors of other origins. Ultraimmunocytochemical method was used to identify localization of the antigen at cellular and subcellular levels, namely, in tonofilaments and desmosomes. Said situation is considered to suggest squamous cell carcinoma.

[Production of monoclonal antibodies to tissue-specific antigens of human skin epithelium]. / Poluchenie monoklonal'nykh antitel k tkanespetsificheskim antigenam épiteliia kozhi cheloveka.

Immunization of BALB/c mice with non-type-specific protein antigens of the cellular wall of group A streptococcus and formalin-treated streptococcal culture resulted in stimulating production of polyclonal autoantibodies to antigens of the epithelium of human and murine skin. As a result of hybridoma technique using splenic cells of immunized animals, monoclonal antibodies to different antigens of epidermal cell cytoplasm, i.e. antigen of basal cells, antigen of differentiated cell layers (spinous and granular) and antigen common to cells of all epidermal layers, were obtained. The immunofluorescence tests on monoclonal antibodies to epidermal basal cell antigen showed them to engage cells only of tumors histogenetically associated with the epidermal tegumental epithelium.

[Cross-reacting antigen common to stratified squamous epithelium and Streptococcus group A in tumors of epidermal origin]. / Perekrestno reagiruiushchii antigen, obshchii dlia mnogosloinogo ploskogo épiteliia i streptokokka gruppy A, v opukholiakh épidermal'nogo proiskhozhdeniia.

A tissue-specific basal-cell antigen of stratified squamous epithelium which enters into cross reaction with group A streptococcus polysaccharide was detected in the cytoplasm of human basal- and squamous-cell tumor cells which are associated histogenetically with skin epithelium. However, it was not found in the cells of entodermal tumors (stomach and intestinal adenocarcinoma). Considering earlier reports on the detection of cross reacting antigen in experimental ectodermal tumors, these results suggest the development of an additional histogenetical method of differential diagnosis of human tumors which arise in ectodermal tegumental epithelium.

[Distribution of a cross-reacting antigen common to group A streptococcal polysaccharide and multilayer squamous epithelium in different human organs]. / Rasprostranenie v razlichnykh organakh cheloveka perekrestno reagiruiushchego antigena, obshchego dlia polisakharida streptokokka gruppy A i mnogosloinogo ploskogo épiteliia.

Indirect immunofluorescence with the use of antibodies) to group A streptococcal polysaccharide (A-polysaccharide has shown cross-reacting antigen (CRA) common for A-polysaccharide and the squamous epithelium to be localized, apart from the skin and thymus, in basal layer cells of oral mucosa epithelium, esophagus, inferior portion of the rectum, in salivary and mammary ducts. These tissue carriers of CRA are united by common ectodermal origin. The evidence obtained may be of use in the devising of a method for differential diagnosis of tumors of different genesis. In the course of organogenesis CRA appears early in the monolayer embryonic epithelium. The data presented correlate with those obtained before during study of animal tissues.

[Detection of a cross-reacting antigen common to multilaminar epithelia and group A streptococcus in cells of human epidermal tumors]. / Obnaruzhenie v kletkakh épidermal'nykh opukholei cheloveka perekrestno reagiruiushchego antigena, obshchego dlia mnogosloinogo épiteliia i streptokokka gruppa A.

The tissue-specific antigen of basal cells of human squamous epithelium which cross-reacts with streptococcal group A antigen has been detected in the cytoplasm of cells of human basal cell and squamous cells carcinomas histogenetically related to the skin epithelium. The antigen has not been detected in cells of tumors of endodermal origin (gastric and intestinal adenocarcinomas). These findings together with previous reports on the existence of cross-reactivity in case of animal tumors of ectodermal genesis may form the basis for an additional method of differential diagnosis of human tumors arising from the ectoderm-derived epithelium.

[Reaction of monoclonal antibodies A 6/1 with the antigen determinant of ultrastructures of tumor cells in epidermal-type tegmental tissues]. / Reaktsiia monoklonal'nykh antitel A 6/1 s determinantoi antigena ul'trastruktur opukholevykh kletok pokrovnykh tkanei épidermal'nogo tipa.

Using indirect immunoenzyme assay and ultrathin sections, it was shown that antibodies against basal cell antigens react with tonofibril and desmosome filaments of squamous tissue carcinoma cells.

[Monoclonal antibodies against group A streptococcal polysaccharide reacting with basal-cell antigen of tumors histogenetically related to epidermal tissues]. / Monoklonal'nye antitela k polisakharidu streptokokka gruppy A, reagiruiushchie s bazal'no-kletochnym antigenom opukholei, gistogeneticheski sviazannykh s tkaniami épidermal'nogo tipa.

Immunofluorescence of tumour tissues histogenetically related to tissues containing cross-reacting squamous epithelial basal-cell antigen (BCAg) was performed using monoclonal antibodies (McAb) A6/I-D to squamous epithelial basal-cell antigen cross-reacting with group A staphylococcal polysaccharide. BCAg was found in tumour cells arising from surface tissues of the epidermal type (basal-cell cancer, squamous-cell cancer of the skin, esophagus, cervix uteri and other organs) and was not found in glandular tumours (adenocarcinoma of the stomach, intestine, mammary glands). The results obtained indicate that McAb A6/I-D against cross-reacting BCAg may be used while characterizing the majority of normal epidermal tissues and tumours arising from tissues containing cross-reacting BCAg.