Concurrent administration of serotonergic antidepressants and ozanimod in participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis from the open-label extension DAYBREAK trial.

BACKGROUND: Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors can interact with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). There is clinical interest surrounding use of ozanimod with SSRIs/SNRIs because the major metabolites of ozanimod are weak inhibitors of MAO-B in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) potentially related to serotonin accumulation (SA) during concomitant ozanimod and SSRI/SNRI use by performing analyses of data from an open-label, oral ozanimod 0.92 mg trial (DAYBREAK; NCT02576717). METHODS: SA narrow (serotonin syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and hyperthermia malignant) and broad (terms potentially associated with SA) MedDRA v24.0 searches were performed using TEAE data from participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis who entered DAYBREAK from phase 3 studies (cutoff February 1, 2022). Incidences of TEAEs matching terms from each search were stratified by SSRI/SNRI use. RESULTS: Of 2257 DAYBREAK participants, 274 (12.1%) used an SSRI/SNRI. No participants had TEAEs matching the SA narrow search terms. There was no significant difference in the percentage of participants with ⩾1 TEAE matching the SA broad search for those on versus off SSRIs/SNRIs (on: 12.4%, n = 34/274; off: 15.6%, n = 310/1982, nominal p = 0.1630). CONCLUSION: MedDRA searches showed no increase in TEAEs potentially associated with SA with concomitant SSRI/SNRI and ozanimod use.

Dense tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer are related to improved overall survival.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represent a host-tumor interaction, frequently signifying an augmented immunological response. Nonetheless, implications with survival outcomes in patients with colorectal carcinoma liver metastasis (CRLM) warrant rigorous validation. The objective was to demonstrate the association between TILs and survival in patients with CRLM. METHOD: In a retrospective evaluation conducted in a single institution, we assessed all patients who underwent hepatectomy due to CRLM between 2014 and 2018. Comprehensive medical documentation reviews were executed. TILs were assessed by a liver pathologist, blinded to the clinical information, in all surgical slides. RESULTS: This retrospective cohort included 112 patients. Median overall survival (OS) was 58 months and disease-free survival (DFS) was 12 months for the entire cohort. Comparison between groups showed a median OS of 81 months in the dense TILs group and 40 months in the weak/absent group (p = 0.001), and DFS was 14 months versus 9 months (p = 0.041). Multivariable analysis showed that TILs were an independent predictor of OS (HR 1.95; p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Dense TILs are a pivotal prognostic indicator, correlating with enhanced OS. Including TILs information in histopathological evaluations should refine the clinical decision-making process for this group of patients.

Race/Ethnicity Inequities in the Association Between Movement Behaviors and Suicidal Thoughts/Ideation Among Adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze the associations between movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep), independently and jointly, and suicidal thoughts/ideation among Brazilian adolescents according to race/ethnicity. METHODS: This cross-sectional study surveyed 4,081 adolescents aged 15-19 years (49.9% females) across all Brazilian geographic regions. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Within the sample, 31.0% (n = 1,264) self-reported as White and 69.0% (n = 2,817) as Black. Adolescents who declared one or more times/week suicidal thoughts/ideation were considered as a risk group. Accruing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during leisure time, reduced recreational screen time, and good sleep quality were the exposures investigated. We evaluated both additive and multiplicative interactions between race/ethnicity and movement behaviors. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR), marginal means effects, and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS: Black adolescents who met 1 (OR: 0.34; [95% CI: 0.22-0.52]), 2 (OR: 0.17 [0.11-0.27]), or 3 (OR: 0.13 [0.07-0.26]), and White adolescents who met 1 (OR: 0.35 [0.21-0.57]), 2 (OR: 0.14 [0.08-0.26]), or 3 (OR: 0.11 [0.04-0.31]) of the movement behavior targets had lower odds of suicidal thoughts/ideation than Black adolescents who did not meet any of the movement behavior targets. Black adolescents who did not meet any of the movement behavior targets had higher suicidal thoughts/ideation odds than the other adolescent's groups. CONCLUSIONS: We identified an inverse association between meeting individuals and combinations of movement behavior targets with suicidal thoughts/ideation. Among Black adolescents who did not meet any targets, these associations were more evident.

Trends in the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and thinness among schoolchildren aged 7-14 years from southern Brazil (2002-2019).

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the obesity, overweight, and thinness trends among Brazilian schoolchildren by sex, age group, and type of school according to World Health Organization (WHO) and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. METHODS: We conducted four surveys between 2002 and 2018/19 involving schoolchildren aged 7-14 years from a state capital in southern Brazil. Weight status was classified using both WHO and IOTF criteria. RESULTS: In the total sample, obesity prevalence based on the IOTF and the WHO criteria were 72% and 44% higher in 2018/19 compared with 2002, respectively. Over the whole period, the obesity prevalence increased among children (WHO: 10.1% vs. 14.1%; IOTF: 5.0% vs. 8.3%), and those from public schools (WHO: 10.5% vs. 16.4%; IOTF: 5.6% vs. 10.1%). There was no significant reduction in thinness prevalence over the analyzed period. CONCLUSION: Obesity prevalence remains on an upward trend in a state capital in southern Brazil, especially among children from public schools. A higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed using the WHO criteria compared with IOTF criteria.

Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children: Validity and Cut-Points to Identify Sufficient Levels of Moderate- to Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed With HIV.

PURPOSE: To investigate the validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess the moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) level of children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and propose cut-points, with accelerometer measures as the reference method. METHOD: Children and adolescents, aged 8-14 years (mean age = 12.21 y, SD = 2.09), diagnosed with HIV by vertical transmission, participated in the study. MVPA was investigated through the PAQ-C and triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+). Receiver operating characteristic curve and sensitivity and specificity values were used to identify a cut-point for PAQ-C to distinguish participants meeting MVPA guidelines. RESULTS: Fifty-six children and adolescents participated in the study. Among those, 16 met MVPA guidelines. The PAQ-C score was significantly related to accelerometry-derived MVPA (ρ = .506, P < .001). The PAQ-C score cut-point of 2.151 (sensitivity = 0.625, specificity = 0.875) was able to discriminate between those who met MVPA guidelines and those that did not (area under the curve = 0.751, 95% confidence interval, 0.616-0.886). CONCLUSION: The PAQ-C was useful to investigate MVPA among children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and to identify those who meet MVPA guidelines.

The influence of different Cheek and lip retractors and emissivity on intraoral infrared thermography.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the influence of two conventional and one adapted cheek and lip retractors and three emissivity setting values on intraoral infrared thermography (IT) temperature values. METHODS: The sample was composed by 50 volunteers. Three cheek and lip retractors were tested: Group 1 - flex retractor (FR); Group 2 - FR adapted with Styrofoam; Group 3 - U-type retractor (UR) for cheek and lip. All thermograms were acquired using FLIR T650 infrared camera. A set of three thermograms in frontal norm were acquired for each lip and cheek retractor at 0.91, 0.96 and 0.98Ɛ, with an interval of 15 minutes between each set of images to avoid thermal interference. All images were assessed by two observers. The ROIs' mean temperature of the four upper incisors were recorded. Two-way ANOVA and Sidak posttest were used for data assessment with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Group 3 showed higher mean temperature than groups 1 and 2 at all emissivity settings for all assessed teeth (p < 0.05). 0.91Ɛ showed higher temperature than 0.96Ɛ and 0.98Ɛ for all assessed variables (p < 0.01). Contralateral teeth assessed using Group 3 at 0.91Ɛ showed statistical differences between each other (p < 0.05). No statistical difference was observed between contralateral teeth assessed using Group 1 and 2 at 0.96 and 0.98Ɛ (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The choice of cheek and lip retractor and emissivity setting can interfere on intraoral IT temperature values. U-type cheek and lip retractor and 0.91Ɛ setting should not be used for IT image acquisition when assessing dental tissues.

Assessing physiological responses and oxidative stress effects in Rhamdia voulezi exposed to high temperatures.

Exposure to high temperatures induces changes in fish respiration, resulting in an increased production of reactive oxygen species. This, in turn, affects the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant defenses, which are essential for mitigating cellular stress. Rhamdia voulezi, an economically important fish species endemic to Brazil's Iguaçu River, served as the subject of our study. Our goal was to assess enzymatic antioxidant biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), non-protein thiol levels (reduced glutathione), and markers of oxidative damage (lipoperoxidation and carbonylation) in the liver, gills, and kidneys of R. voulezi after acute exposure to high temperatures (31°C) for 2, 6, 12, 24, and 96 h. Control groups were maintained at 21°C. Our findings revealed that the liver exhibited increased superoxide dismutase levels up to 12 h and elevated glutathione S-transferase levels at 12 and 96 h at 31°C. In the gills, superoxide dismutase levels increased up to 24 h, along with increased lipoperoxidation at 2, 6, 12, and 96 h of exposure to high temperatures. The kidneys responded to heat stress at 12 h, with an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, and lipid peroxidation was observed at 2 and 6 h at 31°C. The three tissues evaluated responded differently to heat stress, with the liver demonstrating greater physiological adjustment to high temperatures. The intricate interplay of various antioxidant defense biomarkers and oxidative damage suggests the presence of oxidative stress in R. voulezi when exposed to high temperatures.

Vulnerabilities, care, and exposure to illness risks among people with intellectual disabilities in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021).

People with intellectual disabilities, especially those who require care, are among the most affected by severe forms of COVID-19 and COVID-19- related deaths. In this study we investigated how care needs and other vulnerabilities influence the possibility COVID-19 infection among people with intellectual disabilities in Brazil. Method: Descriptive quantitative study using an online questionnaire answered by 2,800 respondents with intellectual disabilities over the age of sixteen. Results: Individuals with a greater need for care had higher frequencies of positive COVID-19 diagnoses (6.5%-8%) and were approximately six times more likely to be infected by family members than those who did not have COVID-19 in the family. Conclusions: There is a need for specific government measures to protect people with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers, because those with greater care needs are the most exposed to risks of contagion and sickness and have potential vectors of infection among family members and caregivers.

Giants of the Amazon: How does environmental variation drive the diversity patterns of large trees?

For more than three decades, major efforts in sampling and analyzing tree diversity in South America have focused almost exclusively on trees with stems of at least 10 and 2.5 cm diameter, showing highest species diversity in the wetter western and northern Amazon forests. By contrast, little attention has been paid to patterns and drivers of diversity in the largest canopy and emergent trees, which is surprising given these have dominant ecological functions. Here, we use a machine learning approach to quantify the importance of environmental factors and apply it to generate spatial predictions of the species diversity of all trees (dbh ≥ 10 cm) and for very large trees (dbh ≥ 70 cm) using data from 243 forest plots (108,450 trees and 2832 species) distributed across different forest types and biogeographic regions of the Brazilian Amazon. The diversity of large trees and of all trees was significantly associated with three environmental factors, but in contrasting ways across regions and forest types. Environmental variables associated with disturbances, for example, the lightning flash rate and wind speed, as well as the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation, tend to govern the diversity of large trees. Upland rainforests in the Guiana Shield and Roraima regions had a high diversity of large trees. By contrast, variables associated with resources tend to govern tree diversity in general. Places such as the province of Imeri and the northern portion of the province of Madeira stand out for their high diversity of species in general. Climatic and topographic stability and functional adaptation mechanisms promote ideal conditions for species diversity. Finally, we mapped general patterns of tree species diversity in the Brazilian Amazon, which differ substantially depending on size class.

Reference growth curves to identify weight status (underweight, overweight or obesity) in children and adolescents: systematic review.

The identification of somatic growth, through reference curves, can be used to create strategies and public policies to reduce public health problems such as malnutrition and obesity and to identify underweight, overweight and obesity. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify studies providing reference growth curves for weight status in children and adolescents. A systematic search was conducted in eight databases and in gray literature (Google scholar). To assess the risk of bias/methodological quality of studies, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies (NHLBI) was used. Overall, 86 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. Through the values   of reference growth curves for the identification of underweight, overweight and obesity, it was possible to verify that there is great variability among percentiles for the identification of underweight, overweight and obesity. The most prevalent percentiles for underweight were P3 and P5; for overweight, the most prevalent was P85 and the most prevalent percentiles for obesity were P95 and P97. The most prevalent anthropometric indicators were Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Body Mass (BM) for age and height for age. Conclusion: Such data can demonstrate that the optimal growth must be reached, through the standard growth curves, but that the reference curves demonstrate a cut of the population growth, raising possible variables that can influence the optimal growth, such as an increase in the practice of physical activities and an awareness of proper nutrition.

Relationship between nocturnal enuresis and sleep in children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a multifactorial and complex condition. One less understood factor in its pathophysiology is the enuretic inability to wake up when the bladder is full (impaired arousal). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep and NE in children and adolescents. METHODS: A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines, and the electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed) and SCOPUS were searched until March 2022. Eligibility criteria were studies that recruited patients aged five-17 years with a diagnosis of NE according to the International Child Continence Society (ICCS), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5), or International Classification Criteria of Sleep Disorders-Third edition (ICSD-3) who had their sleep assessed using validated questionnaires and/or polysomnography. The tool used to analyze the risk of bias in the included studies was the risk of bias in non-randomized studies of exposure. RESULTS: Of 1582 citations screened, nine were included, giving 1685 participants, 581 with NE. All studies were observational and half had a low risk of bias. Four studies evaluated sleep by questionnaires only; two used questionnaires and polysomnography; two used only polysomnography, and one used sleep logs and actigraphy. Sleep questionnaires showed that children with enuresis had more sleep problems than controls, especially parasomnias, breathing disorders, and daytime sleepiness. Among the polysomnography parameters, the sleep stage architecture and periodic limb movements during sleep had conflicting data between the two studies. LIMITATIONS: The studies evaluated sleep through heterogeneous tools. They used different questionnaires; even those considered by polysomnography did not record the same channels. CONCLUSION: It seems that enuretic children and adolescents sleep differently from those who are non-enuretic. More studies are needed to clarify the best way to assess sleep and better understand this relationship. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021266338. There was no funding.

Development and validation of LC-MS/MS methods for the simultaneous quantification of sofosbuvir and its major metabolite (GS-331007) in blood plasma and cerebrospinal and seminal fluid: Application to a pilot clinical trial with a focus on Zika.

Zika still poses a threat to global health owing to its association with serious neurological conditions and the absence of a vaccine and treatment. Sofosbuvir, an anti-hepatitis C drug, has shown anti-Zika effects in animal and cell models. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate novel LC-MS/MS methods for the quantification of sofosbuvir and its major metabolite (GS-331007) in human plasma and cerebrospinal (CSF) and seminal fluid (SF), and apply the methods to a pilot clinical trial. The samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction and separated using isocratic mode on Gemini C18 columns. Analytical detection was performed using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. The validated ranges for sofosbuvir were 0.5-2,000 ng/mL (plasma) and 0.5-100 ng/mL (CSF and SF), while for the metabolite they were 2.0-2,000 ng/mL (plasma), 5.0-200 ng/mL (CSF) and 10-1,500 ng/mL (SF). The intra-day and inter-day accuracies (90.8-113.8%) and precisions (1.4-14.8%) were within the acceptance range. The developed methods fulfilled all validation parameters concerning selectivity, matrix effect, carryover, linearity, dilution integrity, precision, accuracy and stability, confirming the suitability of the method for the analysis of clinical samples.

Diode laser on excision of giant peripheral odontogenic myxoma: a rare case report and literature review.

It was to report a rare case of peripheral odontogenic myxoma removed with high-power diode laser and to do an extensive review of studies of odontogenic cysts and tumors treated with high-power laser (HPL). This is a rare case of a 63-year-old male patient with a peripheral odontogenic myxoma measuring approximately 10 cm in the attached gingiva region of tooth 16 removed with a high-power diode laser (808 nm, 3 W, in continuous mode, under constant suction, with 400-µm optical fiber). A literature review was also carried out looking for articles that involved the use of HPL in the treatment of odontogenic cysts and tumors, without restriction of year or language. In the present case, there was no need for suturing, no postoperative discomfort, and minimal bleeding during the procedure. In a 12-month follow-up period, there were no signs of recurrence. Only two cases of intra-osseous odontogenic myxomas treated with HPL and 10 cases involving other odontogenic cysts and tumors were found. All studies showing HPL to be effective in treating these lesions. Despite the different types of lasers used and different parameters, it is observed that lasers are effective in the treatment of odontogenic lesions.

Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and low back pain is anxiety-dependent: A prospective cohort study among adults and older adults.

To investigate the relationship between low back pain and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among participants with and without self-report anxiety. Participants were 13,080 individuals (86.6% men; 44.7 ± 9.3 years). CRF was quantified as maximal treadmill test duration and was grouped for analysis as low (lowest 20% of treadmill test duration), moderate (middle 40%), and high (upper 40%). Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between low back pain and CRF according to the presence/absence of self-report anxiety. During an average of 5.7 ± 5.1 years of follow-up, 2,965 cases of low back pain were identified. Participants with self-report anxiety and low CRF had 3.7 times (HR: 3.7; 95%CI: 1.7-8.2) more risk for having low back pain when compared with participants with self-report anxiety and high CRF. Additionally, among participants with self-reported anxiety, moderate CRF was associated with an 70% greater risk of having low back pain than those with high CRF (HR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1-3.2). For participants without self-reported anxiety, no association was found between the risk of having low back pain and CRF. According to the results identified in the present study, participants with self-reported anxiety who had low and moderate CRF had higher risks of low back pain than those with high CRF.

Electrocortical Dynamics of Usual Walking and the Planning to Step over Obstacles in Parkinson's Disease.

The neural correlates of locomotion impairments observed in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood. We investigated whether people with PD present distinct brain electrocortical activity during usual walking and the approach phase of obstacle avoidance when compared to healthy individuals. Fifteen people with PD and fourteen older adults walked overground in two conditions: usual walking and obstacle crossing. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded using a mobile 64-channel EEG system. Independent components were clustered using a k-means clustering algorithm. Outcome measures included absolute power in several frequency bands and alpha/beta ratio. During the usual walk, people with PD presented a greater alpha/beta ratio in the left sensorimotor cortex than healthy individuals. While approaching obstacles, both groups reduced alpha and beta power in the premotor and right sensorimotor cortices (balance demand) and increased gamma power in the primary visual cortex (visual demand). Only people with PD reduced alpha power and alpha/beta ratio in the left sensorimotor cortex when approaching obstacles. These findings suggest that PD affects the cortical control of usual walking, leading to a greater proportion of low-frequency (alpha) neuronal firing in the sensorimotor cortex. Moreover, the planning for obstacle avoidance changes the electrocortical dynamics associated with increased balance and visual demands. People with PD rely on increased sensorimotor integration to modulate locomotion.

Evaluation of efficacy of new chalcone-based endodontic irrigant against dual biofilm Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans: a study in vitro.

The aim of this research was to develop a chalcone-based endodontic irrigant for cleaning and disinfecting the root canal. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments in C. albicans and E. faecalis strains with different aminochalcones (AM) were carried out, and the compound that presented the best activity against both pathogens was chosen. The formulation of an endodontic irrigant was elaborated, tested in mono and dual specie biofilms. Disks were sterilized and then incubated with E. faecalis, C. albicans and E. faecalis and C. albicans mixed for 72 h for biofilm maturation. After contamination, samples were divided in 4 experimental groups and 2 positive control group as follows: Group1: Irrigant; Group2: Irrigant + AM-38; Group3: Chlorhexidine 2% (positive control) and, Group 4: 1.0% sodium hypochlorite (positive control). The samples were analyzed by CFU/ml count. The sample was taken to sonicador to remove the cells and then plated. The toxicity was determined in vitro with human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF) and in vivo using the Galleria mellonella model. Formulation showed antimicrobial activity, with MIC on C. albicans 15.6 and E. faecalis 7.8 µg/ml. Treatment with formulation in concentration 156 µg/ml significantly reduced mono or dual species biofilm formation and viability (p < 0.05). The results were significant against C. albicans and E. faecalis and did not show toxicity in cells and G. mellonella. In general, the formulation showed effective antibiofilm activity, significantly reducing microorganisms, opening paths in search of new endodontic irrigants.

The Emerging Roles of the Cephalic Neural Crest in Brain Development and Developmental Encephalopathies.

The neural crest, a unique cell population originating from the primitive neural field, has a multi-systemic and structural contribution to vertebrate development. At the cephalic level, the neural crest generates most of the skeletal tissues encasing the developing forebrain and provides the prosencephalon with functional vasculature and meninges. Over the last decade, we have demonstrated that the cephalic neural crest (CNC) exerts an autonomous and prominent control on the development of the forebrain and sense organs. The present paper reviews the primary mechanisms by which CNC can orchestrate vertebrate encephalization. Demonstrating the role of the CNC as an exogenous source of patterning for the forebrain provides a novel conceptual framework with profound implications for understanding neurodevelopment. From a biomedical standpoint, these data suggest that the spectrum of neurocristopathies is broader than expected and that some neurological disorders may stem from CNC dysfunctions.

Handgrip Strength Is Not Associated With High Blood Pressure and Does Not Have Good Discriminatory Power for High Blood Pressure in Adolescents.

ABSTRACT: de Lima, TR and Silva, DAS. Handgrip strength is not associated with high blood pressure and does not have good discriminatory power for high blood pressure in adolescents. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 46-54, 2023-Muscle strength measured by handgrip strength (HGS) was inversely and independently associated with high blood pressure (HBP). In addition, HGS has been used as a valuable indicator for monitoring pediatric health. This study aimed to investigate the association between HGS indexes and HBP, verify the discriminatory capacity of HGS to identify HBP in adolescents, and propose cut-points for HGS to be used in the early identification of HBP if good discriminatory power is identified between the variables. This was a cross-sectional study comprising 811 adolescents (male: 48.9%; age: 16.4 ± 1.3 years) from southern Brazil. Blood pressure was measured by the oscillometric method. Handgrip strength was assessed by a hand dynamometer and 3 different approaches were adopted: (a) HGS in kilogram-force, (b) normalized HGS (HGS/body mass), and (c) allometric HGS (HGS/body mass-0.67). Binary logistic regression was used to verify the association between HGS indexes and HBP, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to determine the possible use of HGS as a diagnostic tool for HBP. Handgrip strength indexes were not associated with HBP (p > 0.05), and ROC analyses showed a nonsignificant discriminating accuracy for most of the HGS indexes analyzed (p > 0.05) in identifying HBP in boys and girls. The area under curve (AUC) values ranged from 0.499 (95% CI [0.403-0.596] for allometric HGS among overweight or obese boys) to 0.595 (95% CI [0.546-0.643] for HGS among boys). Handgrip strength was not associated with HBP, and its use in the screening of HBP in adolescents is not recommended.

Adapted Physical Activity Policies for Children and Adolescents in Brazil: Extension of the Para Report Card Brazil.

Brazil is a country member of the Para Report Card, and Brazilian researchers have frequently published information on physical activity of children and adolescents. The current study aimed to analyze the policies for the promotion of adapted physical activity to Brazilian children and adolescents with disabilities. Official government information on adapted physical activity was analyzed from the official websites. Policies were analyzed based on the Para Report Card benchmarks, and after that we used the principles of SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) to analyze the information. Adapted physical activity is not the main focus of any of the many policies to promote physical activity for children and adolescents. Based on the Para Report Card initiative, the score for this indicator in Brazil is D. Brazil needs to develop specific policies to promote physical activity adapted to the pediatric population with disabilities.

Differences in MCF-7 response to endocrine disruptors in waste, superficial, and treated water from Southern Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of possible endocrine disruptors in surface and wastewater using a cell proliferation assay in an estrogen-responsive cell line (MCF-7). This study was conducted in the Sinos River (Brazil). The residual water was collected from a Pilot Treatment Plant (using Typha domingensis) and surface waters of the Luis Rau stream, the Sinos River, and the Water Treatment Station (WTS). After exposures (24-120 h), a Sulforhodamine B assay was performed to determine the proliferation rate. The higher increase in proliferation rate was observed with the Luiz Rau stream and the sewage treated by macrophytes in a flotation filter. The results from WTS water remained with a proliferation rate similar to the negative control at all times, suggesting that the conventional treatment is partially effective for the withdrawal of endocrine-disrupting agents. The study demonstrated the efficiency of the MCF-7 line in assessing endocrine disruption caused by wastewater and surface water samples. Our results indicate that conventional water treatment can partially remove the polluting load of endocrine disruptors, minimizing their environmental and public health impacts. Besides, it demonstrates the need to expand sanitary services to improve the population's quality of life.