RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.
Assuntos
Gerenciamento Clínico , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Humanos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.
Assuntos
Humanos , Gerenciamento Clínico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
A descoberta de uma ligação endocrinológica entre o coração e os rins baseia-se em achados de microscopia eletrônica em que células de músculo estriado dos átrios de mamíferos se diferenciam tanto em células contráteis como em células endócrinas. O fator natriurético atrial (FNA), um peptídeo circulante com propriedades natriuréticas, diuréticas e vasodilatadoras, foi descoberto em 1980 por A. J. de Bold, e considerado, na ocasião, como a ligação hormonal entre o coração e os rins. Desde então, um imenso número de investigações multidisciplinares tem sido conduzido para esclarecer o real papel deste peptídeo na patogênese das doenças cardiovasculares, na regulação da pressão arterial e na excreção de sal e água. Essas investigações acabaram se tornando um excelente exemplo de pesquisa evoluída da bancada do laboratório à beira do leito do paciente. Hoje, o peptídeo natriurético tipo-B (PNB) vem gradual e lentamente se estabelecendo na área clínica. O objetivo deste artigo é prover o clínico de uma revisão atualizada dos progressos ocorridos até o momento, a fim de incluir o peptídeo natriurético tipo-B na prática clínica diária.
Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico , Fibrilação Atrial/sangue , Fibrilação Atrial/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico/sangueRESUMO
A medicina baseada em evidência aplicada na avaliação clínica de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca vem nos trazendo importantes contribuições nos conceitos clássicos de congestão sistêmica. Assim, podemos hoje compreender o desempenho diagnóstico de cada sinal ou sintoma clínico de insuficiência cardíaca e atribuir-lhes o devido valor diagnóstico e/ou prognóstico. Novas variáveis, como a pressão de pulso proporcional, têm demonstrado relevância clínica. Os peptídeos natriuréticos, sendo importantes ferramentas na avaliação do estado volêmico dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, vêm a somar no entendimento clínico e adicionar valor prognóstico. A ecocardiografia, quando utilizada como ferramenta não-invasiva para a avaliação do perfil hemodinâmico, pode contribuir significativamente para o manejo clínico dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Em conclusão, o devido entendimento contemporâneo sobre o desempenho diagnóstico de aspectos do exame físico, dos peptídeos natriuréticos e da ecocardiografia na avaliação clínica de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca é fundamental para a estimativa correta de congestão, que, se tratada agressivamente com vistas a reduzir pressões de enchimento ventricular, levará a um melhor resultado terapêutico e maior benefício clínico.
The evidence-based medicine applied to the clinical evaluation of heart failure patients has provided us with significant contributions with regard to traditional concepts of systemic congestion. It is now possible to understand the diagnostic performance of each heart failure clinical sign or symptom and give them the appropriate diagnostic/prognostic value. New variables, such as proportional pulse pressure, have demonstrated great clinical relevance. The natriuretic peptides, for being important tools in the assessment of congestive heart failure patients, add to the clinical understanding and prognostic value of such patients. The echocardiography, when used as a noninvasive tool in the evaluation of hemodynamic profile, may significantly contribute to the clinical management of heart failure patients. In conclusion, the proper contemporary understanding of the diagnostic performance of physical examination aspects, natriuretic peptides and echocardiography in the clinical evaluation of heart failure patients is of utmost importance for the correct assessment of congestion. If the congestion is aggressively treated with the aim of reaching low ventricular filling pressures, it may improve therapeutic results and lead to a better clinical outcomes.