Distribution of fibroblast growth factors and their roles in skin fibroblast cell migration.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2/basic FGF is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. Its function in skin wound healing has been well-characterized. However, the function of other FGFs in skin tissues remains to be elucidated. In the present study, FGF expression patterns in heart, liver, skin and kidney tissues were analyzed. Notably, in contrast to other tissues, only four FGFs, FGF2, 7, 10 and 21, were dominant in the skin. To examine FGF function in the wound healing process, mouse NIH3T3 fibroblast cells were treated with FGF2, FGF10 and FGF21, and cell migration was monitored. The results revealed that FGF treatment promoted cell migration, which is an important step in wound healing. In addition, FGF treatment enhanced the activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a key regulator of fibroblast cell migration. To analyze its role in cell migration, FGF7 was overexpressed in fibroblast cells via a lentivirus system; however, this did not change cell migration speed. FGF2, 7, 10 and 21 were highly expressed in skin tissue, and all except FGF7 regulated fibroblast cell migration and activated JNK. The results of the present study increase our understanding of the role of FGFs in skin wound healing.

[Clinical research of vacuum sealing drainage combined with artificial dermis for the treatment of ankle and foot soft tissue defects].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) combined with artificial dermis for treatment of the ankle and foot soft tissue defects. METHODS: A total of 15 patients with skin and soft tissue defect of ankle and foot were treated from January 2011 to December 2013, including 10 males and 5 females, with an average age of 32.5 years old ranging from 3 to 55 years old, involving 8 cases by traffic accident, 2 cases by machine accident, 5 cases by crush injury;8 cases with soft tissue exposure, 2 cases with tendor exposure, 5 cases with bone exposure. VSD was used to cover the wounds and continuous negative pressure drainage after debridement, the wounds covered with artificial dermis after the second granulation tissue grew well, again VSD was used to cover the wounds and negative pressure suction was applied, after 7 to 14 days negative pressure closed drainage was removed, free skin graft was transplanted above the artificial dermis, sterile gauze was used to compression bandage. RESULTS: All cases were followed up for 3 to 14 months with an average of 6.5 months. Skin graft of 15 of patients survived after transplantation, artificial dermis graft interval was 7 to 14 days with an average of 9.5 days. There was no obvious scar hyperplasia and contracture, no obvious pigmentation, appearance and functional recovery. CONCLUSIONS: After the implantation of artificial dermis and traditional skin graft method need for 2 to 3 weeks, vacuum sealing drainage technique combined with artificial dermis in treatment of soft tissue defect of foot and ankle skin has advantages of simple operation, significantly shorten the time of the second phase of the skin, without flap to repair, little injury to donor skin area, wound healing quality high, clinical effect of satisfaction.

[Predictive value of radiological parameter for re-displacement of conservative treatment of distal radius fracture].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the radiological parameters of the conservatively in treating distal radius fracture and investigate whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction. METHODS: From January 2013 to June 2014,212 patients with distal radial fracture conservatively were treated in our hospital, 107 patients of them were excluded because of their incomplete radiological parameters;the remaining 105 patients were available for radiological were assessed after injury, there were 56 male patients and 49 female patients in this study, the average age of the patients was 51 years old (ranged from 22 to 80 years). According to AO classification, there were 47 cases of type A2 and C1, and 58 cases of type A3, C2, C3. All patients were treated by closed reduction and below-elbow cast immobilization for 4 to 6 weeks. All patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months (means 4.5 months) by X-ray, all fractures were healed. Standard AP and lateral radiographic examination was conducted before reduction and after reduction and bony consolidation,the dorsal angulation and the radial angle were measured at each time point. The linear regression was used for the analysis to find out whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction. RESULTS: Among 105 patients,the significant correlations were found for the dorsal angulation between the reduction time and the end time (r = 0.82) and for the radial angulation between the reduction time and end time (r = 0.85). CONCLUSION: The dorsal angulation and the radial angulation after complete healing can be predicted from linear the regression functions. Due to the possibility of predicting the end result, whether the fracture should receive further conservative treatment or surgical treatment can be decided immediately.

[Case-control study on therapeutic effects of different fixation methods for the treatment of olecranon fracture].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects by comparing three different fixation methods: tension band, hollow lag screw and anatomical plate. METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2012, 82 patients with olecranon fractures who underwent surgical treatments were followed-up. All the patients were divided into three groups: tension band fixation group (group A), hollow lag screw fixation group (group B), anatomical plate fixation (group C). In group A, there were 35 patients, including 19 males and 16 females, ranging in age from 32 to 49 years old, with an average of (43.6 ± 8.7) years old, and the patients were treated with tension band fixation. According to Colton classification, there were 5 cases of type I, 3 cases of type II A,19 cases of type II B, and 8 cases of type II C in group A. Among 20 patients in group B, there were 13 males and 7 females, ranging in age from 27 to 50 years old, with an average of (41.5 ± 9.3) years old. The patients in group B were treated with hollow lag screw fixation. According to Colton classification, there were 4 cases of type I, 4 cases of type II A, and 12 cases of type II B in group B. In group C, there were 27 patients totally, including 15 males and 12 females, ranging in age from 30 to 55 years old, with an average of (38.2 ± 6.2) years old. The patients in group C were treated with anatomical plate fixation. According to Colton classification, there were 4 cases of type II B, 13 cases of type II C, and 10 cases of type II D in group C. The Fracture healing time, complications and functional recovery were retrospectively observed and recorded. RESULTS: All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 8 to 24 months, with an average of 15 months. The average healing time of patients in group C was the longest among three groups. The flexion-extension and rotation activities of elbow joint in group B and C were better than that in group C. According to Broberg & Morrey score system, the therapeutic effects of patients in group A and B were better than that of group C. In group C, 2 patients had incision infections, 6 patients complained of foreign body sensation, 1 patient got a delayed fracture healing, and 1 patient had the heterotopic ossification. There were no occurrences of incision infections in group A and B; internal fixation loosening occurred in 3 patients in group A and 2 patients in group B; delayed fracture healing occurred in 2 patients in group A and 2 patients in group B; and skin bursa formation occurred in 6 patients in group A and 1 patient in group B. CONCLUSION: All the three ways are effective methods for the treatment of olecranon fractures. Fixation methods should be selected depending on the type of fracture.