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1.
Aten Primaria ; 50(2): 106-113, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28506569

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the detection of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) using the original Beers criteria, a global reference for evaluating prescriptions in the elderly, and their Spanish version. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study LOCATION: A Primary Care area in the province of Murcia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 7,856 subjects aged 65 and over, with at least one drug prescribed in a Primary Care Area of Spain during study period. METHOD: Illnesses and treatments registered in the Primary Care computerised medical history of patients were analysed during a 12month study period (2012). The original Beers criteria and their Spanish adaptation were used to evaluate PIM, considering both sets of criteria overall, and individually. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 76.0years, with the majority females (56.6%). Patients received a median of 13 active substances and 66 medical prescriptions. The percentage of patients prescribed PIM ranged from 44.8% according to the original Beers criteria to 49.4% with the Spanish adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: PIMs are frequent in our context. The original Beers criteria, if not adapted to the local drug catalogue, underestimated the frequency of PIM in the elderly population studied.


Assuntos
Prescrição Inadequada/estatística & dados numéricos , Lista de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha
2.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 40(6): 448-454, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28718494

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine rates of retention, antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, and viral suppression in an adult cohort from a public tertiary referral hospital in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. METHODS: HIV-positive ART-naïve patients ≥ 18 years old starting care 2011-2013 contributed data until the end of 2014. Three outcomes were assessed in 2014: retention in care, ART use, and viral suppression. Patient characteristics associated with each outcome were assessed through logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 1 031 patients were included. By the end of 2014, 1.5% had died and 14.8% were transferred to a different center. Of the remaining 859 patients, 563 (65.5%) were retained in 2014. Among those retained, 459 (81.5%) were on ART in 2014. Of those 459 on ART, 270 (58.8%) were virologically suppressed. Younger age was associated with lower retention (OR (odds ratio): 0.67; 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.44-0.92 for ≥ 35 vs. < 35 years), but unrelated with ART use or viral suppression. Low CD4 count at first visit was associated with ART use (OR: 35.72 for CD4 < 200, 7.13 for CD4 200-499 vs. ≥ 500, P < 0.001) and with virologic suppression (OR: 2.17 for CD4 < 200, 2.46 for CD4 200-499 vs. ≥ 500, P: 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Our hospital in Buenos Aires is still below the recommended 90-90-90 targets of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) for ART use and viral suppression. We found a major gap in retention in care. Identifying younger age as being associated with worse retention will help in the design of targeted interventions.


Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Carga Viral , Adulto , Argentina , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Infecções por HIV/mortalidade , Humanos , Cooperação do Paciente , Análise de Regressão , Centros de Atenção Terciária
3.
Materials (Basel) ; 17(6)2024 Mar 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38541421

RESUMO

This study investigates the potential of using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) synthesized from e-waste as electrocatalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), with the aim of applying them as an anode in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (ADMFCs). The research addresses the pressing environmental challenge of e-waste disposal and explores the recycling of e-waste to obtain valuable materials for sustainable applications. Vulcan-supported gold nanoparticles (Aue-w/C NPs) are synthesized from gold coatings recovered from Intel Pentium 4 processor pins, demonstrating the feasibility of e-waste as electrocatalyst precursors. Comprehensive characterization techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission and transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM, TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are employed to evaluate the structural properties of the electrocatalyst. Electrochemical evaluation in 0.5 M KOH electrolyte by cyclic voltammetry reveals that the synthesized Aue-w/C NPs exhibit electrocatalytic activity (25.5 mA·mg-1Au) comparable to their commercially synthesized counterparts (30.1 mA·mg-1Au). This study highlights the potential for sustainable approaches in the production of electrocatalysts by utilizing e-waste as a source of valuable catalyst materials. It represents a pioneering effort in harnessing e-waste as a sustainable resource, offering new avenues for sustainable energy technologies while addressing environmental concerns and technological challenges in the field of ADMFCs.

4.
Eur J Popul ; 39(1): 25, 2023 Jul 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37470875

RESUMO

In this article, we analyse the relationship between union instability and cumulated fertility among ever-partnered women in several regions across Europe and the Americas with different patterns of demographic behaviour in terms of fertility levels, union instability and fertility across partnerships. We hypothesise that the relationship between union dissolution and fertility might be less negative in contexts where repartnering is more prevalent. The analysis is performed on a large dataset of 25 countries, combining information from the Harmonised Histories of the Generation and Gender Programme with our own harmonisation of survey data from three Latin American countries. This allows for the inclusion of countries with differing prevalence of union instability as measured by (a) the proportion of women who separated by age 40, and (b) the proportion who repartnered by age 40. We first examine the prevalence of separation and repartnering during reproductive ages across regions, and we estimate the proportion of cumulated fertility attributable to unions of different ranks using a decomposition method. We then analyse the links between union instability and the number of children born by age 40 among ever-partnered and ever-repartnered women, using Poisson regression. Despite observing a high degree of heterogeneity in the proportions of births occurring in the context of repartnering both within and between regions, we find a pattern where a greater prevalence of repartnering by age 40 is accompanied by higher cumulated fertility in second or subsequent unions. Our multivariate findings reveal a negative statistical relationship between separation and cumulated fertility that is partially offset by repartnering in some contexts, and that the time spent in a union during the reproductive lifespan is a key determinant of cumulated fertility, regardless of national context and independently from age at union formation and union rank.

5.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 922018 May 28.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29806660

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used but they increase the risk of gastrointestinal haemorrage among other adverse effects. The objective of this study was to compare potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) by NSAIDs using the original Beers Criteria, a global reference for evaluating elderly people's prescriptions, and the Spanish adaptation of the same; and the relation between PIM of NSAIDs and gastrointestinal bleeding. METHODS: The study was a retrospective observational study carried out located in a primary care district in the province of de Murcia, south-eastern Spain. The study population (n=7.856) were citizens aged 65 and above, with at least one drug prescribed in a Spanish health district during the study period . We analized illnesses and treatments registered in the primary care's electronic medical history of patients and hospital admissions, during the 12 month study period (2012). The original Beers Criteria and their Spanish adaptation were used to evaluate PIM of NSAIDs in patients considering the medication globally and also each active substance. Gastrointestinal bleeding events recorded in the data bases studied were evaluated. RESULTS: Detection of PIM of NSAIDs was 5,6% with the original version and 7,0% (Δ=25,5%; p less than 0,001) with the adapted one. PIM of NSAIDs was related with an increased incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding without significant differences between PIM exposed and NSAID exposed patients AINE (RR=1,6; IC:0,2-14,5). CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish adaptation of the Beers criteria identified a greater degree of PIM of NSAIDs than the original version, and in both versions the detection of PIM was not related with a significant increase of gastrointestinal bleeding compared to patients exposed to NSAIDs.


OBJETIVO: Los Antiinflamatorios No Esteroideos (AINE) son un grupo de medicamentos con uso muy extendido en la población, su uso genera un mayor riesgo de hemorragia digestiva. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar y comparar la prescripción potencialmente inadecuada (PPI) de AINE según los criterios de Beers en su versión original con su adaptación española y la relación de esta PPI con los eventos de sangrado gastrointestinal. METODOS: Estudio observacional longitudinal retrospectivo de 12 meses (año 2012) realizado en un área de salud de la Región de Murcia. La población estudiada fue los mayores de 65 años a los que se les había prescrito, al menos, 1 receta médica de AINE durante el periodo de estudio (7.856). Se utilizaron ambas versiones de los criterios de Beers para evaluar la PPI por AINE. Para evaluar el papel etiológico de la exposición a AINE potencialmente inadecuados, respecto a haber recibido AINE, en la hemorragia gastrointestinal se calculó la incidencia acumulada y el Riesgo Relativo. RESULTADOS: La detección de PPI por AINE pasó de 5,6% con la versión original, a 7,0% (Δ=25,5%; pmenor de 0,001) En los sujetos con prescripción de AINE la exposición a PPI por AINE presentó una mayor incidencia de sangrado gastrointestinal pero sin diferencias significativas respecto a la población que recibió AINE (RR=1,6; IC:0,2-14,5). CONCLUSIONES: El uso de la adaptación española de los criterios de Beers posibilita una mayor detección de PPI por AINE en comparación con el uso de la versión original, en ambas versiones, la PPI por AINE no genera un incremento significativo en el sangrado gastrointestinal respecto a recibir AINE.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/induzido quimicamente , Prescrição Inadequada/efeitos adversos , Lista de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/epidemiologia , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/prevenção & controle , Hospitalização , Humanos , Prescrição Inadequada/estatística & dados numéricos , Incidência , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia
6.
Card Electrophysiol Clin ; 7(2): 251-68, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26002390

RESUMO

Chagas disease, a chronic parasitosis caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, is an increasing worldwide problem because of the number of cases in endemic areas and the migration of infected individuals to more developed regions. Chagas disease affects the heart through cardiac parasympathetic neuronal depopulation, immune-mediated myocardial injury, parasite persistence in cardiac tissue with secondary antigenic stimulation, and coronary microvascular abnormalities causing myocardial ischemia. A lack of knowledge exists for risk stratification, management, and prevention of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with chagasic cardiomyopathy. Catheter ablation can be effective for the management of recurrent ventricular tachycardia.


Assuntos
Arritmias Cardíacas , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica , Humanos
8.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 23(3): 229.e1-229.e4, mayo-jun. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-791282

RESUMO

La pericarditis constrictiva ocurre cuando el pericardio engrosado y calcificado impide el llenado ventricular adecuado y en consecuencia ocasiona una limitación del volumen cardiaco total. En la actualidad, una de las causas más comunes es el trauma cardiaco. Los cuadros de pericarditis secundarios a daño del pericardio constituyen el síndrome de lesión postcardiaca, el cual incluye pericarditis postinfarto o síndrome de Dressler, síndrome postpericardiotomía y pericarditis postraumática. Se ha decidido utilizar este nuevo término en la medida en que es más incluyente puesto que la lesión inicial también puede estar en el miocardio y no sólo en el pericardio. Su fisiopatología no se conoce por completo, pero cree que puede tener un componente tanto inflamatorio como autoinmune. Usualmente es un diagnóstico de exclusión que requiere tratamiento definitivo con pericardiectomía. A continuación se reporta el caso de una paciente con pericarditis constrictiva posterior a un trauma cerrado de tórax.


Constrictive pericarditis occurs when thickened and calcified pericardium prevents adequate ventricular filling and consequently causes a limitation of the total cardiac output. Currently, one of its most common causes is cardiac trauma. Clinical conditions of pericarditis secondary to pericardial injury constitute the post cardiac injury syndrome which includes post-infarction pericarditis or Dressler syndrome, post-pericardiotomy syndrome and post-traumatic pericarditis. It was decided to use this new term to the extent that is more inclusive, since the initial injury may also be in the myocardium and not only in the pericardium. Its pathophysiology is not completely understood, but is believed to have both an inflammatory and an autoimmune component. Usually it is a diagnosis of exclusion that requires definitive treatment with pericardiectomy. The case of a patient with constrictive pericarditis subsequent to a closed chest trauma is reported.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pericardite , Alergia e Imunologia , Inflamação
9.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 40(6): 448-454, Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-845668

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective To determine rates of retention, antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, and viral suppression in an adult cohort from a public tertiary referral hospital in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods HIV-positive ART-naïve patients ≥ 18 years old starting care 2011-2013 contributed data until the end of 2014. Three outcomes were assessed in 2014: retention in care, ART use, and viral suppression. Patient characteristics associated with each outcome were assessed through logistic regression. Results A total of 1 031 patients were included. By the end of 2014, 1.5% had died and 14.8% were transferred to a different center. Of the remaining 859 patients, 563 (65.5%) were retained in 2014. Among those retained, 459 (81.5%) were on ART in 2014. Of those 459 on ART, 270 (58.8%) were virologically suppressed. Younger age was associated with lower retention (OR (odds ratio): 0.67; 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.44-0.92 for ≥ 35 vs. < 35 years), but unrelated with ART use or viral suppression. Low CD4 count at first visit was associated with ART use (OR: 35.72 for CD4 < 200, 7.13 for CD4 200-499 vs. ≥ 500, P < 0.001) and with virologic suppression (OR: 2.17 for CD4 < 200, 2.46 for CD4 200-499 vs. ≥ 500, P: 0.023). Conclusions Our hospital in Buenos Aires is still below the recommended 90-90-90 targets of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) for ART use and viral suppression. We found a major gap in retention in care. Identifying younger age as being associated with worse retention will help in the design of targeted interventions.


RESUMEN Objetivo Determinar las tasas de retención, uso de tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) y supresión viral en una cohorte adulta de un hospital público de referencia de atención terciaria en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Métodos Pacientes de 18 años de edad o mayores seropositivos al VIH que no habían recibido tratamiento con antirretrovirales y que comenzaron a ser atendidos entre el 2011 y el 2013 aportaron datos hasta finales del 2014. En el 2014 se evaluaron tres resultados: la retención de los pacientes en los servicios de atención, el uso de TAR y la supresión viral. Se usó la regresión logística para evaluar las características de los pacientes asociadas con cada resultado. Resultados Se estudió a 1 031 pacientes. A finales del 2014, 1,5% habían fallecido y 14,8% fueron transferidos a otro centro. De los 859 pacientes restantes, en el 2014 se retuvieron en los servicios a 563 (65,5%). Entre los que siguieron asistiendo a los servicios, 459 (81,5%) recibieron tratamiento antirretroviral ese año. De esos 459 que recibieron tratamiento antirretroviral, se alcanzó la supresión viral en 270 (58,8%). Se determinó que una menor edad estaba asociada a una menor tasa de retención (razón de posibilidades (OR): 0,67; intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC): 0,44-0,92 para ≥ 35 frente a < 35 años), pero no con el uso de tratamiento antirretroviral o la supresión viral. También se determinó que un bajo nivel de CD4 en la primera consulta estaba asociado al uso de tratamiento antirretroviral (OR: 35,72 para CD4 < 200, 7,13 para CD4 200-499 frente a ≥ 500, P < 0,001) y a la supresión viral (OR: 2,17 para CD4 < 200, 2,46 para CD4 200-499 frente a ≥ 500, P: 0,023). Conclusiones Nuestro hospital en Buenos Aires todavía está por debajo de las metas 90‑90‑90 recomendadas por el Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA (ONUSIDA) para el uso de terapia antirretroviral y la supresión viral. Encontramos una brecha importante en la retención de los pacientes en los servicios de atención. La asociación de una menor edad con peores tasas de retención será útil en el diseño de intervenciones destinadas a poblaciones específicas.


Assuntos
Cooperação do Paciente , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Carga Viral/imunologia , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Argentina
10.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 40(6), dic. 2016
Artigo em Inglês | PAHOIRIS | ID: phr-33665

RESUMO

Objective. To determine rates of retention, antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, and viral suppression in an adult cohort from a public tertiary referral hospital in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods. HIV-positive ART-naïve patients ≥ 18 years old starting care 2011-2013 contributed data until the end of 2014. Three outcomes were assessed in 2014: retention in care, ART use, and viral suppression. Patient characteristics associated with each outcome were assessed through logistic regression. Results. A total of 1 031 patients were included. By the end of 2014, 1.5% had died and 14.8% were transferred to a different center. Of the remaining 859 patients, 563 (65.5%) were retained in 2014. Among those retained, 459 (81.5%) were on ART in 2014. Of those 459 on ART, 270 (58.8%) were virologically suppressed. Younger age was associated with lower retention (OR (odds ratio): 0.67; 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.44-0.92 for ≥ 35 vs. < 35 years), but unrelated with ART use or viral suppression. Low CD4 count at first visit was associated with ART use (OR: 35.72 for CD4 < 200, 7.13 for CD4 200-499 vs. ≥ 500, P < 0.001) and with virologic suppression (OR: 2.17 for CD4 < 200, 2.46 for CD4 200-499 vs. ≥ 500, P: 0.023). Conclusions. Our hospital in Buenos Aires is still below the recommended 90-90-90 targets of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) for ART use and viral suppression. We found a major gap in retention in care. Identifying younger age as being associated with worse retention will help in the design of targeted interventions.


Objetivo. Determinar las tasas de retención, uso de tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) y supresión viral en una cohorte adulta de un hospital público de referencia de atención terciaria en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Métodos. Pacientes de 18 años de edad o mayores seropositivos al VIH que no habían recibido tratamiento con antirretrovirales y que comenzaron a ser atendidos entre el 2011 y el 2013 aportaron datos hasta finales del 2014. En el 2014 se evaluaron tres resultados: la retención de los pacientes en los servicios de atención, el uso de TAR y la supresión viral. Se usó la regresión logística para evaluar las características de los pacientes asociadas con cada resultado. Resultados. Se estudió a 1 031 pacientes. A finales del 2014, 1,5% habían fallecido y 14,8% fueron transferidos a otro centro. De los 859 pacientes restantes, en el 2014 se retuvieron en los servicios a 563 (65,5%). Entre los que siguieron asistiendo a los servicios, 459 (81,5%) recibieron tratamiento antirretroviral ese año. De esos 459 que recibieron tratamiento antirretroviral, se alcanzó la supresión viral en 270 (58,8%). Se determinó que una menor edad estaba asociada a una menor tasa de retención (razón de posibilidades (OR): 0,67; intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC): 0,44-0,92 para ≥ 35 frente a < 35 años), pero no con el uso de tratamiento antirretroviral o la supresión viral. También se determinó que un bajo nivel de CD4 en la primera consulta estaba asociado al uso de tratamiento antirretroviral (OR: 35,72 para CD4 < 200, 7,13 para CD4 200-499 frente a ≥ 500, P < 0,001) y a la supresión viral (OR: 2,17 para CD4 < 200, 2,46 para CD4 200-499 frente a ≥ 500, P: 0,023). Conclusiones. Nuestro hospital en Buenos Aires todavía está por debajo de las metas 90‑90‑90 recomendadas por el Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA (ONUSIDA) para el uso de terapia antirretroviral y la supresión viral. Encontramos una brecha importante en la retención de los pacientes en los servicios de atención. La asociación de una menor edad con peores tasas de retención será útil en el diseño de intervenciones destinadas a poblaciones específicas.


Assuntos
Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , HIV , Resultado do Tratamento , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente , Argentina , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Resultado do Tratamento , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente , HIV
12.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 21(5): 327-331, set.-oct. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-747620

RESUMO

El uso mundial de drogas recreativas ha alcanzado proporciones preocupantes, al punto de amenazar la estabilidad socioeconómica de los países. Se estima que en los países desarrollados una de cada 4 personas ha utilizado drogas recreativas en algún momento de su vida. Por tanto, es frecuente que los médicos se enfrenten a cuadros de intoxicación secundaria al abuso de estas drogas. Además de sus efectos en el sistema nervioso central, también producen cambios significativos a nivel cardiovascular, responsables de una cantidad no despreciable de morbimortalidad relacionada con estas. En este artículo se expone un caso de infarto agudo de miocardio secundario al consumo de heroína, se revisan los efectos sistémicos de esta droga y se examinan el manejo y los mecanismos estudiados que explican esta relación.


Global recreational drug use has reached worrying proportions, to the point of threatening socio-economic stability of the countries. It is estimated that in developed countries one in four people have used recreational drugs at some point in their lives. Therefore, it is common that physicians be confronted with clinical pictures secondary to drug abuse. In addition to its central nervous system effects, these drugs also produce significant cardiovascular changes, responsible for a not negligible related morbidity and mortality. In this article a case of acute myocardial infarction secondary to heroin consumption is exposed, the systemic effects of this drug are reviewed, and the management and the mechanisms underlying this relationship are discussed.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Infarto do Miocárdio , Dor no Peito , Vasoespasmo Coronário , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Dependência de Heroína
13.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 21(5): 301-307, set.-oct. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-747617

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir el cumplimiento de los indicadores de calidad en la atención del infarto agudo de miocardio en un hospital de cuarto nivel en Bogotá, Colombia. Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, descriptivo, en el que se incluyeron todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio, de acuerdo con la Tercera Definición Universal del Infarto, que ingresaron a la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá desde enero de 2011 hasta abril de 2013. Resultados: El 99% de los pacientes recibió aspirina al ingreso y al 98% se le formuló durante el egreso. El 97% de los pacientes tuvo valoración intrahospitalaria de la fracción de eyección. El 93% fue dado de alta con betabloqueador y el 88% con inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina o antagonistas del receptor de angiotensina II. El 98% recibió orden de rehabilitación cardiaca. La mortalidad por cualquier causa fue del 6%. Conclusiones: Existe adherencia adecuada a los indicadores de calidad en la atención del infarto agudo de miocardio, comparable con estándares internacionales, hecho del que hasta el momento no se tiene documentación alguna en Colombia.


Objective: Describe the quality of care in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction in a fourth level hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods; Observational, retrospective, descriptive study. From January 2011 to April 2013, all patients arriving to Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá with acute myocardial infarction according to the Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction were included. Results: Aspirin at arrival was given to 99% of patients. Aspirin at discharge was given to 98%. Evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction was performed in 97% of patients. Ninety three percent received beta-blocker at discharge, 88% received angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Ninety eight percent were enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation program. All-cause mortality was 6%. Conclusions: Quality performance indicators are fulfilled and our results are comparable to those of international standards. Actually there is no record of this information in Colombia.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Infarto do Miocárdio , Cardiologia , Diretório , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde
14.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 21(4): 246-250, jul.-ago. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-735075

RESUMO

La tetralogía de Fallot es la enfermedad cardiaca congénita cianótica más común y requiere una corrección quirúrgica temprana. En la actualidad son cada vez más las mujeres que alcanzan la edad fértil posterior a la corrección quirúrgica de esta entidad, tolerando durante la adolescencia y la vida adulta las secuelas de este procedimiento. Los reportes de casos recientes evidencian que la cardiopatía mayor corregida no es una contraindicación para el embarazo. A continuación se describe el caso de una paciente con antecedente de corrección quirúrgica de tetralogía de Fallot e insuficiencia pulmonar severa secundaria a esta, quien llevó su embarazo a término sin complicaciones.


Tetralogy of Fallot is the most frequent cyanotic congenital pathology and requires an early surgical correction. Nowadays, more women reach childbearing age after surgical repair of this pathology, thus tolerating the after-effects of this procedure during adolescence and adulthood. Recent case reports show that a corrected mayor congenital heart disease does not preclude pregnancy. The following case report describes a patient with previous surgical correction of Tetralogy of Fallot and severe pulmonary regurgitation who carried her pregnancy to term without complications.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Cardiopatias Congênitas , Tetralogia de Fallot , Gravidez , Adulto
15.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 20(3): 154-160, mayo-jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-683034

RESUMO

En la actualidad las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en los países industrializados y para 2020, lo serán en países en vía de desarrollo. El síndrome coronario agudo se caracteriza por la ruptura o erosión de una placa aterosclerótica que trae consigo grados variables de trombosis y embolización distal, que llevan a una disminución en la perfusión miocárdica. Posterior a la disrupción vascular, empieza un proceso de agregación, activación y adhesión plaquetaria que inicia la formación del trombo mural. Dado que el primer paso en la formación del trombo coronario involucra la activación y la agregación plaquetaria, el tratamiento con medicamentos antiplaquetarios es una de las piedras angulares del síndrome coronario agudo. La antiagregación dual con ácido acetil salicílico y un inhibidor del receptor P2Y12, hacen parte del manejo actual de los pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo y de aquellos sometidos a intervención coronaria percutánea. El clopidogrel es el inhibidor del receptor P2Y12 más utilizado; sin embargo, sus beneficios clínicos se ven limitados por varios factores que interfieren con la conversión del medicamento a su metabolito activo. Es por esto que recientemente se han desarrollado nuevos inhibidores del receptor P2Y12, como prasugrel y ticagrelor, con un efecto antiplaquetario más potente y mayores beneficios clínicos. Las actualizaciones recientes de las guías de manejo basadas en la evidencia los han incluido como parte del tratamiento de esta patología con un grado de recomendación incluso mayor que el de clopidogrel.


Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in industrialized countries, and by 2020 they will be in developing countries. Acute coronary syndrome is characterized by the rupture or erosion of an atherosclerotic plaque that entails varying degrees of thrombosis and distal embolization, leading to a decrease in myocardial perfusion. Following vascular disruption begins a process of aggregation, platelet activation and adhesion starting the mural thrombus formation. As the first step in coronary thrombus formation involves activation and platelet aggregation, antiplatelet drug therapy is one of the cornerstones of acute coronary syndrome. The dual antiaggregation therapy with acetylsalicylic acid and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor are part of the current management of patients with acute coronary syndrome and of those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Clopidogrel is the most used P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, but its clinical benefits are limited by several factors that interfere with the conversion of the drug to its active metabolite. This is why new P2Y12 receptor inhibitors such as prasugrel and ticagrelor, with more potent antiplatelet effect and greater clinical benefits have been recently developed. Recent updates of the management guidelines based on the evidence have included them as part of the treatment of this pathology with a degree of recommendation even greater than that of clopidogrel.


Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Infarto do Miocárdio
16.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 20(6): 397-402, nov.-dic. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-706571

RESUMO

La pericarditis constrictiva es una entidad clínica que en ocasiones puede representar un reto diagnóstico. Teniendo en cuenta que la presentación clínica es usualmente la de una falla cardiaca derecha, es necesario hacer diagnóstico diferencial con otras entidades que puedan causar un cuadro clínico similar. El diagnóstico adecuado de la pericarditis constrictiva implica alta sospecha clínica e interpretación acertada de las ayudas diagnósticas. El objetivo de este artículo es abordar el diagnóstico hemodinámico de esta entidad describiendo los parámetros convencionales y aquellos afectados por la dinámica respiratoria, que cuentan con mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para este diagnóstico.


Constrictive pericarditis is a clinical entity that can be sometimes a diagnostic challenge. Given that the clinical presentation is usually that of a right heart failure, it is necessary to make a differential diagnosis with other entities that can cause a similar clinical picture. Proper diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis implies a high clinical suspicion with a correct interpretation of diagnostic aids. The aim of this article is to approach the hemodynamic diagnosis of this entity describing the conventional parameters and those affected by respiratory dynamics, which have higher sensitivity and specificity for this diagnosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pericardite , Revisão , Diagnóstico , Hemodinâmica
17.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 20(4): 181-186, jul.-ago. 2013. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-696620

RESUMO

Marco de referencia: los defectos del tabique interauricular son anormalidades congénitas del tabique interauricular que comprenden la comunicación interauricular y el foramen oval permeable. Objetivo: analizar y evaluar los resultados del cierre percutáneo con dispositivo percutáneo de pacientes con defectos del tabique interauricular en el Hospital Universitario Santa Fe de Bogotá desde la introducción de esta técnica en 2005 hasta 2011. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo ambispectivo. La población estuvo conformada por pacientes adultos, independiente de edad y género, a quienes se les realizó cierre percutáneo de cualquier defecto del septo interauricular desde la introducción de esta técnica en enero 1º. de 2005 hasta junio de 2011 en el servicio de hemodinamia del Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Resultados: durante el periodo se hicieron 53 procedimientos de corrección de defecto del tabique interauricular por vía percutánea, en los que se usó dispositivo Amplatzer en 94,3% de los casos. El 75% (27 pacientes) se trataron de manera ambulatoria, dándose de alta luego de cuatro horas de efectuado el procedimiento. El 29,8% fueron hombres y 70,2% mujeres, con edad promedio de 52,2 ± 15,1 años. 57,8% de los pacientes tuvo foramen oval permeable y de éstos 54,5% tenía aneurisma asociado; el porcentaje restante, 42%, fue intervenido por comunicación interauricular. Conclusiones: la experiencia en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá muestra un excelente resultado con muy baja tasa de complicaciones, mejorías clínicas en el seguimiento a largo plazo y gran seguridad, factores que permiten que este procedimiento se lleve a cabo de manera ambulatoria.


Context: atrial septal defects are congenital atrial septal abnormalities that comprise the interatrial communication (IAC) and the patent foramen ovale (PFO). Objective: to analyze and evaluate the results of percutaneous closure with device in patients with interatrial septal defects in the University Hospital Santa Fe de Bogotá since the introduction of this technique in 2005 to 2011. Materials and Methods: descriptive ambispective study. The population consisted of adult patients, regardless of age and gender, who underwent percutaneous closure of any atrial septal defect since the introduction of this technique in January 1st. 2005 to June 2011 in the service of hemodynamics of the University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Results: during this period, 53 procedures of percutaneous correction of the atrial septal defect were performed, using the Amplatzer device in 94.3% cases. 75% (27 patients) were treated on an outpatient basis, being discharged four hours after the performance of the procedure. 29.8% were men and 70.2% women with mean age 52.2 ± 15.1 years. 57.8% of patients had patent foramen ovale and of these, 54.5% had associated aneurysm. The remainder 42%, was operated for interatrial communication. Conclusions: the experience in the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogota shows excellent results with a very low complication rate and clinical improvements in the long-term follow-up, factors that allow that this procedure can be performed on an outpatient basis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Comunicação Interatrial , Dispositivo para Oclusão Septal , Cardiopatias Congênitas , Defeitos dos Septos Cardíacos
18.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 19(4): 184-191, jul.-ago. 2012. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-663771

RESUMO

La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia cardiaca sostenida más común y su prevalencia se duplica cada decenio por encima de los cincuenta años. Entretanto, las condiciones clínicas que más se asocian con ésta son la hipertensión arterial, la insuficiencia cardíaca, la enfermedad valvular cardíaca y la diabetes mellitus. Como complicaciones está la falla cardiaca, pero tal vez una de las peores son los eventos cardioembólicos, que ocurren aproximadamente en 4,5% de los pacientes no anticoagulados. El tratamiento antitrombótico con antagonistas de la vitamina K fue, durante más de cincuenta años, la única alternativa disponible, a pesar de sus múltiples limitaciones, las mismas que llevaron al desarrollo de nuevos fármacos anticoagulantes que disminuyen muchos de los problemas de los antagonistas de la vitamina K. Pueden agruparse en dos clases: inhibidores orales directos de la trombina e inhibidores orales del factor X activado. Tanto dabigatrán, rivaroxabán como apixabán, cuentan ya con estudios clínicos controlados aleatorizados que apoyan su uso en el tratamiento antitrombótico de la fibrilación auricular y recientemente se incluyeron en las guías basadas en la evidencia como alternativa (ACC) e incluso con un grado de recomendación superior (CCS, CHEST) al de los antagonistas de la vitamina K.


Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and its prevalence doubles every decade for people older than fifty years. Meanwhile, the clinical conditions most associated with it are hypertension, heart failure, valvular heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Complications include heart failure, but perhaps one of the worst ones are the stroke events, which occur in approximately 4.5% of not anticoagulated patients. Antithrombotic therapy with vitamin K antagonists was for over fifty years the only alternative available, despite its many limitations. These limitations led to the development of new anticoagulant drugs that reduce many of the problems of vitamin K antagonists. They fall into two classes: direct oral thrombin inhibitors and oral activated factor X inhibitors. Dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban, already rely on randomized controlled trials that support its use in antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation and were recently included in the evidence-based guidelines as an alternative (ACC) and even with a higher grade of recommendation (CCS, CHEST) to that of the the vitamin K antagonists.


Assuntos
Humanos , Fibrilação Atrial , Anticoagulantes , Medicina Baseada em Evidências
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