Genomic and phenotypic analysis of a novel clinical isolate of Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens.

BACKGROUND: Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens is a recently described species of Corynebacterium. There are few reports on the microbiological characteristics of the new species, and there is a lack of reports on the genomic analysis of the species. RESULTS: This study involved a clinical isolate from the pus of a hospital patient with sebaceous gland abscesses. The clinically isolated strain was identified as C. pyruviciproducens strain WYJY-01. In this study, referring to Koch's postulates, we observed the pathological changes of animal models infected by intraperitoneal injection and subcutaneous injection of pure culture of the strain WYJY-01. Furthermore, the strain WYJY-01 was isolated and cultured again from animal models' subcutaneous abscess drainage fluid. Subsequently, the genomics of the strain WYJY-01 was analyzed. By comparing various gene databases, this study predicted the core secondary metabolite gene cluster of the strain WYJY-01, virulence factor genes carried by prophage, pathogenicity islands, and resistance islands. In addition, the genomes of C. pyruviciproducens strain WYJY-01, ATCC BAA-1742 T, and UMB0763 were analyzed by comparative genomics, and the differential genes of strain WYJY-01 were compared, and their functions were analyzed. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that the strain WYJY-01 had pathogenicity, supplementing the phenotype characteristics of C. pyruviciproducens. Meanwhile, this research revealed the possible molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity of the strain WYJY-01 at the gene level through whole genome sequence analysis, providing a molecular basis for further research.

Roles of microRNAs and exosomes in Helicobacter pylori associated gastric cancer.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common pathogen that infects more than half of the world's population. Its infection can not only lead to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis and gastric cancer (GC) but also be associated with many extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Exosomes, as a new intercellular information transmission medium, can carry biological signal molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate a variety of cellular physiological activities and are involved in multiple cancer processes. In this article, we provide a systematic review on the role of exosomal miRNAs in H. pylori-associated GC.

Huntingtin-associated protein 1 is a potential tumor suppressor for gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is heterogeneous cancer and the causes of this disease are complex. New diagnostic and therapeutic targets are urgently needed to explore. Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is directly related to Huntington's disease (HD). However, patients with Huntington's disease have a lower incidence of cancer. Therefore, we are committed to studying the correlation between HAP1 and gastric carcinogenesis and development. METHODS AND RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining, western blot analysis, and RT-qPCR were conducted to explore the localization and expression of HAP1 in gastric cancer. To study the biological significance of HAP1, we overexpressed HAP1 in both MKN28 and AGS cell lines by lentivirus infection. To explore the role of HAP1 in cell proliferation, the cells counting assay, EdU incorporation assay, and colony formation assay were carried out. We performed the wound healing assay and transwell assay to study the cell migration and invasion. To further investigate whether HAP1 could regulate gastric cancer cell death during glucose deprivation, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was performed. In our study, we elucidated that HAP1 was downregulated in gastric cancer. What's more, overexpressing HAP1 inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion, and triggered apoptosis during glucose deprivation. More importantly, the antitumor properties and mechanisms of HAP1 have been elucidated further in gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the available evidence implies that HAP1 may serve as a potential tumor suppressor, making it a significant target in preventing and treating gastric cancer. This research provides a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis, clinical targeted therapy, and prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer.