RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible association between radon exposure and kidney cancer. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis based on random effect models to provide a pooled association measure. RESULTS: We subjected 8 studies (overall relative risks and 95% confidence intervals: 1.01, 0.72 to 1.43, I2 = 64.4%) to meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed a marginally significant association between radon exposure and kidney cancer in studies conducted in Europe. Two population-based studies provided no evidence for the increased risk of kidney cancer in the general population. CONCLUSION: The association between radon and kidney cancer remains unclear but cannot be excluded because of its biological plausibility and the limited number and quality of existing studies. Additional data from the general population and well-designed miner cohort studies are needed to reveal the real relationship between radon exposure and kidney cancer.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Renais/etiologia , Radônio/toxicidade , Estudos de Coortes , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , HumanosRESUMO
This study was conducted to elucidate the reproductive effect of NP on testis, epididymis and epididymal sperm in vivo. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with NP at 0, 40, 100, or 250 mg/kg body weight (bw) on alternate days for 90 d. The results showed that oral administration of NP may damage the structure and function of testis, induce apoptosis and oxidative stress in epididymis or even have cytotoxic effects on epididymal sperm.
Assuntos
Epididimo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenóis/efeitos adversos , Espermatogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Epididimo/metabolismo , Epididimo/patologia , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/patologia , Testículo/metabolismo , Testículo/patologia , Testosterona/sangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Numbers of epidemiological studies assessing residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer have yielded inconsistent results. METHODS: We therefore performed a meta-analysis of relevant published case- control studies searched in the PubMed database through July 2011 to examine the association. The combined odds ratio (OR) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models. Subgroup and dose-response analyses were also performed. RESULTS: We identified 22 case-control studies of residential radon and lung cancer risk involving 13,380 cases and 21,102 controls. The combined OR of lung cancer for the highest with the lowest exposure was 1.29 (95% CI 1.10-1.51). Dose-response analysis showed that every 100 Bq/m3 increment in residential radon exposure was associated with a significant 7% increase in lung cancer risk. Subgroup analysis displayed a more pronounced association in the studies conducted in Europe. Studies restricted to female or non-smokers demonstrated weakened associations between exposure and lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS: This meta- analysis provides new evidence supporting the conclusion that residential exposure to radon can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer in a dose-response manner.