Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Potentilla reptans L.

Potentilla species have been used in traditional medicine in the treatment of different ailment, disease or malady. Potentilla reptans (P. reptans) has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to test antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of P. reptans aerial part and rhizome. DPPH assay was used to measure antioxidant activity of aqueous plant extracts. Anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by experimental animal model of phenol-in-acetone induced mice ear edema. DPPH radical-scavenging activity of both tested extracts was concentration dependent with IC50 values 12.11 µg/mL (aerial part) and 2.57 µg/mL (rhizome). Maximum anti-inflammatory effect (61.37%) was observed after administration of 10 mg/ear of the rhizome extract and it was 89.24% of effect induced by dexamethasone as a standard. In conclusion, P. reptans rhizome aqueous extract possesses anti-inflammatory effect and higher antioxidant activity than aerial part.

Antioxidant and anxiolytic activities of Crataegus nigra Wald. et Kit. berries.

Hawthorn has been present for a long time in traditional medicine as antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, antimicrobial agent. Hawthorn can be used for the cure of stress, nervousness but there is no published paper about actions of Crataegus nigra Wald. et Kit. fruits. The present study was carried out to test free-radical-scavenging and anxiolytic activity of C. nigra fruits. DPPH (alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl) assay was used to measure antioxidant activity. BHT, BHA, PG, quercetin and rutin were used as standards. The total amount of phenolic compounds, procyanidins, and flavonoids in the extracts, was determined spectrophotometrically. Results were expressed as equivalents of gallic acid, cyanidin chloride and quercetin equivalents, respectively. LC-MS/MS was used for identification and quantification of phenolic composition. The anxiety effect, expressed as the difference in time spent in the open and closed arms, was measured and compared between groups. Phenolic compound content of Crataegus nigra fruits was 72.7 mg/g. Yield of total flavonoid aglycones was 0.115 mg/g. Procyanidins were 5.6 mg/g. DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of the extracts showed linear concentration dependency, IC50 value were 27.33 microg/mL. Anxiolytic effect was observed. Species Crataegus nigra fruits hydroalcoholic extract showed antioxidant and anxiolytic activity.

Cytotoxic effect of Potentilla reptans L. rhizome and aerial part extracts.

Potentilla reptans L. belongs to the least studied of the plants from Rosaceae family, Potentilla genus. There are no data on cytotoxicity of P. reptans extracts, though traditionaly it was used as antiinflammatory and antiinfective. The aim of these studies was to investigate potential antitumor activity of aqueous extracts (rhizome and aerial parts) of P. reptans on 4T1 mouse breast cancer cell line. _Aqueous extracts of rhizome and aerial parts of P. reptans were tested for cytotoxicity by the MTT colorimetric assay on 4T1 cancer cell line in concentration range 100-800 microg/mL. Aqueous extracts of P. reptans rhizome and aerial parts show concentration dependent cytotoxic effect in the range of tested concentrations. ICE50 value of P. reptans rhizome extract was 280.51 +/- 1.16 microg/mL. IC50 value of P. reptans aerial parts extract was 310.79 +/- 1.22 microg/mL. The significant difference in cytotoxicity among tested concentrations was observed. Aqueous extracts of P. reptans rhizome and aerial parts demonstrated weak cytotoxic activity on 4T1 mouse breast cancer cell line, which is in correlation with current cytotoxicity data for aqueous herbal extracts. Rhizome extract of P. reptans has slightly higher antitumor activity than aerial parts extract. The results represent the first report on cytotoxicity for this plant and further research on human cell lines is indicated.

Risk factors for intraoperative arrhythmias in general surgery patients operated under general anesthesia: our one-year experience.

AIM: To analyze the importance of previously un-investigated (or not completely investigated) potential risk factors for new-onset intra-operative arrhythmias in general surgery patients, operated under general anesthesia. METHODS: In this case-control study the population consisted of all patients who underwent elective non-cardiovascular, non-thoracic surgery under general inhalation anesthesia during the period of 12 months in a secondary care hospital in Foca, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and were classified according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification to class I or II. Cases (n=57) included patients with at least one episode of ECG-recorded arrhythmia during general anesthesia, and controls (n=90) were sex and age matched. RESULTS: Significant association was found between intra-operative arrhythmias and history of cardiac arrhythmias in the last five years (adjusted OR 43.5; CI 2.3, 820.1; p = 0.012). Synergistic effects on intra-operative arrhythmias were found for history of cardiac arrhythmias and history of abnormal ECG, as well as for history of cardiac arrhythmias and use of propofol for induction of anesthesia. CONCLUSION: The non-cardiovascular, non-thoracic surgery patients with history of arrhythmias and ECG abnormalities deserve special attention, correction of electrolyte disturbances and avoidance of propofol for induction of general anesthesia.