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We describe a patient in Wuhan, China, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection who had progressive pulmonary lesions and rhabdomyolysis with manifestations of lower limb pain and fatigue. Rapid clinical recognition of rhabdomyolysis symptoms in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can be lifesaving.
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Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Rabdomiólise/etiologia , COVID-19 , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Rabdomiólise/terapia , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
First reported from Wuhan, The People's Republic of China, on 31 December 2019, the ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes great global concerns. Based on the advice of the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee and the fact that to date 24 other countries also reported cases, the WHO Director-General declared that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. Together with the other two highly pathogenic coronaviruses, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), 2019-nCov and other yet to be identified coronaviruses pose a global threat to public health. In this mini-review, we provide a brief introduction to the pathology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and extrapolate this knowledge to the newly identified 2019-nCoV.
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Betacoronavirus/patogenicidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/patologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio/patogenicidade , Pneumonia Viral/patologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/patologia , Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/virologia , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/patogenicidade , COVID-19 , China , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/virologia , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Adaptation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to CD8+ T cell selection pressure is well described; however, it is unclear if HCV differentially adapts in different populations. Here, we studied HLA class I-associated viral sequence polymorphisms in HCV 1b isolates in a Chinese population and compared viral substitution patterns between Chinese and German populations. We identified three HLA class I-restricted epitopes in HCV NS3 with statistical support for selection pressure and found evidence for differential escape pathways between isolates from China and Germany depending on the HLA class I molecule. The substitution patterns particularly differed in the epitope VTLTHPITK1635-1643 , which was presented by HLA-A*03 as well as HLA-A*11, two alleles with highly different frequencies in the two populations. In Germany, a substitution in position seven of the epitope was the most frequent substitution in the presence of HLA-A*03, functionally associated with immune escape and nearly absent in Chinese isolates. In contrast, the most frequent substitution in China was located at position two of the epitope and became the predominant consensus residue. Moreover, substitutions in position one of the epitope were significantly enriched in HLA-A*11-positive individuals in China and associated with different patterns of CD8+ T cell reactivity. Our study confirms the differential escape pathways selected by HCV that depended on different HLA class I alleles in Chinese and German populations, indicating that HCV differentially adapts to distinct HLA class I alleles in these populations. This result has important implications for vaccine design against highly variable and globally distributed pathogens, which may require matching antigen sequences to geographic regions for T cell-based vaccine strategies.
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Apresentação de Antígeno , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Epitopos de Linfócito T/genética , Antígenos HLA-A/imunologia , Hepacivirus/genética , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/genética , Alelos , China , Epitopos de Linfócito T/imunologia , Alemanha , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Antígeno HLA-A11/genética , Antígeno HLA-A11/imunologia , Antígeno HLA-A3/genética , Antígeno HLA-A3/imunologia , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Hepatite C/etnologia , Hepatite C/imunologia , Humanos , Evasão da Resposta Imune , Mutação , Seleção Genética , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) dosing by use of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters is superior to the traditional body surface area (BSA) method in colorectal cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to compare the estimated efficacy and toxicity of the use of PK-guided versus BSA-based dose adjustment of 5-FU in advanced cancers. METHODS: The authors searched from electronic databases (up to September, 2014) and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology held between 2000 and 2014 for studies comparing the response rate and toxicity in 5-FU-based chemotherapy. RESULTS: Five eligible articles with 654 patients were included in double-arms and contained colorectal cancer, and head and neck cancer. PK-monitored 5-FU therapy was associated with significant improvement in overall response rate (odds ratio = 2.04, 95% confidence interval, 1.41-2.95, Z = 3.78, P = 0.0002) compared with the traditional BSA method. There was no evidence of improved tolerability: grade 3 to 4 diarrhea, neutropenia, and hand-foot syndrome were found not to be significantly different except that mucositis was less prominent for PK-monitored 5-FU therapy (odds ratio = 0.16, 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.63, Z = 2.62, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with conventional BSA method, PK-based 5-FU dosage confirmed a superior overall response rate and improved toxicities irrespective of significant difference, the results of which indicated that PK- monitored 5-FU dosage has the potential to be performed in colorectal cancer personalized therapy. More high-quality and multicenter randomized controlled trails should be carried out to provide more information for comparing the response and toxicity of these 2 dose adjustment methods.
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Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Superfície Corporal , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fluoruracila/efeitos adversos , Fluoruracila/farmacocinética , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
miR-146a is an immunoregulatory microRNA closely associated with viral infection. This study investigated the expression changes of miR-146a in peripheral blood monocytes of HCV-infected patients and the mechanism by which the THP-1 cells were stimulated with HCV core protein in vitro. It was found that in the peripheral blood monocytes of HCV-infected patients, miR-146a expression was upregulated. After treated by interferon/ribavirin, miR-146a expression was decreased when HCV RNA became undetectable. HCV core could directly stimulate THP-1 cells to produce miR-146a. Silencing TLR2 and MyD88 could significantly inhibit the expression of miR-146a. It was concluded that the expression of miR-146a in peripheral blood monocytes of HCV-infected patients was abnormally increased. The TLR2-MyD88 signaling pathway may take part in the overexpression of miR-146a in monocytes stimulated with HCV core protein.
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Hepatite C Crônica/sangue , MicroRNAs/sangue , Monócitos/metabolismo , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/fisiologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/fisiologia , Adulto , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular , Primers do DNA , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and their transformation to myofibroblasts are the key steps in the pathological progress of liver fibrosis. The transforming growth factor-ß (TGFß)/Smad pathway is involved in the proliferation and collagen synthesis of HSCs. This study aimed to examine the effect of the protease inhibitor MG132 on the signaling pathway of TGFß/Smad in HSC-T6 cells and seek a novel therapeutic approach for liver fibrosis. The HSC-T6 cells were treated with MG132 at different concentrations (0-10 µmol/L). Cell proliferation was detected by MTT method. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TGFß1, Smad3 and Smad7 were determined in HSC-T6 cells by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively, after treatment with MG132 at different concentrations (1, 2, 3 µmol/L) or RPMI1640 alone (serving as control). The results showed that MG132 could inhibit the proliferation of HSC-T6 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the IC(50) of MG132 was 6.84 µmol/L. After treatment with MG132 at 1, 2 or 3 µmol/L for 24 h, the mRNA expression levels of TGF-ß1 and Smad3 were significantly decreased (P<0.05), but the Smad7 mRNA expression had no significant change (P>0.05). There was also a significant decrease in the protein expression level of TGF-ß1 and Smad3 (P<0.05). However, the expression of Smad7 protein was substantially increased when compared with the control group (P<0.05). It was concluded that the inhibition of TGFß/Smad pathway in HSC-T6 cells by MG132 can reduce the production of profibrosis factors (TGFß1, Smad3) and promote the expression of anti-fibrosis factor (Smad7), suggesting that MG132 may become a potential therapeutic alternative for liver fibrosis.
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Leupeptinas/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Smad/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Animais , Linhagem Celular , RatosRESUMO
Background: Knowing about cytokine profile contributes to clarify the underling immune mechanism of HBsAg seroclearance rate increase. This study aims to investigate cytokine changes during nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) and peginterferon-α (Peg-IFNα) therapy and their impact on the HBsAg serologic response. Methods: A total of 78 HBV DNA-negative chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients were studied after a lead-in phase of NAs with complete serum cytokines. Serum cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α) were quantified by flow cytometry (FCM) every 24 weeks, before, during and at the end of NAs and Peg-IFNα treatment. Clinical and laboratory data were also taken at the same time. Analysis was performed between cured and uncured groups characterized by HBsAg seroclearance. PBMCs samples from five patients (two in cured group and three in uncured group) were analyzed by FCM. Results: HBsAg seroclearance was achieved in 30 (38,5%) patients defined as the cured group. In comparison to uncured individuals, cured patients showed similar expressions of serum IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α during the treatment of NAs and Peg-IFNα. Compared with the uncured groups, IL-5 was remarkably increased in cured patients. IL-5 at weeks 24 and 48 were associated with HBsAg seroconversion (p=0.033 and 0.027, respectively). PBMCs sample analysis confirmed the predicted value of IL-5 in response to NAs and Peg-IFNα treatment. Conclusions: IL-5 at weeks 24 and 48 might be used as a biomarker for HBsAg seroclearance in NAs-experienced CHB patients treated with NAs combined with Peg-IFNα. More importantly, exploiting the expression of this cytokine may help to develop a better understanding of the immune pathogenesis of chronic HBV infection.
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Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B , Hepatite B Crônica , Humanos , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Interferon-alfa/uso terapêutico , Interleucina-10 , Interleucina-12 , Interleucina-17 , Interleucina-2/uso terapêutico , Interleucina-4 , Interleucina-5 , Interleucina-6 , Interleucina-8 , Polietilenoglicóis/uso terapêutico , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Liver injury is found in some of patients with COVID-19. Liver injury of COVID-19 patients based on severity grading and abdominal radiological signs have not been reported until now. The aim of our study is to determine clinical profiles of the patients based on severity grading, describe abdominal radiological signs, and investigate the correlations of the severity with clinical profiles and radiological signs. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 115 patients with COVID-19 from Jan 2020 to Feb 2020. Medical records of the patients were collected and CT images were reviewed. RESULTS: Common clinical manifestations of patients with COVID-19 were fever (68.70%), cough (56.52%), fatigue (31.30%); some of them had gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, 12.17%; nausea or vomiting 7.83%; inappetence, 7.83%). Abnormal liver function was observed in some of patients with COVID-19. Significant differences in the levels of AST, albumin,CRP were observed among different groups classified by the severity. Common findings of upper abdominal CT scan were liver hypodensity (26.09%) and pericholecystic fat stranding (21.27%); liver hypodensity was more frequently found in critical cases (58.82%). The severity of COVID-19 correlated with semi-quantitative CT score of pulmonary lesions, CT-quantified liver/spleen attenuation ratio in patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Some of the patients with COVID-19 displayed liver damage revealed by liver functional tests and upper abdominal CT imaging, and the severity of COVID-19 patients correlated with some of liver functional tests and CT signs; thus, it will allow an earlier identification of high-risk patients for early effective intervention.
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Betacoronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Coronavirus , Hepatopatias , Testes de Função Hepática/métodos , Fígado , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , COVID-19 , China/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/metabolismo , Hepatopatias/diagnóstico , Hepatopatias/epidemiologia , Hepatopatias/etiologia , Hepatopatias/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In some previous studies, serum hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV RNA) was proposed as an HBV viral marker during therapy. However, the dynamic change of HBV RNA, the correlation of HBV RNA with cccDNA, and the combination of HBV RNA with known HBV markers in predicting entecavir (ETV) treatment outcome in the same cohort are rarely reported. METHODS: A total of 111 HBeAg-positive patients were enrolled in our study. The dynamic changes of serum HBV RNA and the correlation of HBV RNA with other HBV markers were investigated in the early treatment period of 144-week ETV treatment. Intrahepatic cccDNA was detected at baseline and week 48. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to identify HBV RNA levels associated with HBeAg seroconversion. RESULTS: The serum HBV RNA levels decreased more rapidly in patients with HBeAg seroconversion than those without HBeAg seroconversion. The levels of HBV RNA decreased slower compared with the serum HBV DNA, irrespective of whether the patients achieved HBeAg seroconversion or not. Although the serum HBV RNA was positively correlated with cccDNA at baseline among all patients, no significant correlation was observed in the patients with HBeAg seroconversion at week 48 (r=0.094, P=0.588). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of HBV RNA and HBeAg at week 24 was 0.754 and 0.800, respectively. The AUROC of the HBV RNA and HBeAg combination had a higher value (AUROC=0.821). CONCLUSIONS: The level of HBV RNA at week 24 was a powerful predictor of HBeAg seroconversion in HBeAg-positive patients after 144-week ETV treatment, while the combination of HBV RNA and HBeAg was superior to HBV RNA alone in predicting HBeAg seroconversion.
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Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Guanina/análogos & derivados , Antígenos E da Hepatite B/sangue , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/tratamento farmacológico , RNA Viral/sangue , Soroconversão , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Guanina/uso terapêutico , Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Curva ROC , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The dynamic changes of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines profiles of patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their correlation with the disease severity remain unclear. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were longitudinally collected from 40 confirmed COVID-19 patients and examined for lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry and cytokine profiles by specific immunoassays. FINDINGS: Of the 40 COVID-19 patients enrolled, 13 severe cases showed significant and sustained decreases in lymphocyte counts [0·6 (0·6-0·8)] but increases in neutrophil counts [4·7 (3·6-5·8)] than 27 mild cases [1.1 (0·8-1·4); 2·0 (1·5-2·9)]. Further analysis demonstrated significant decreases in the counts of T cells, especially CD8+ T cells, as well as increases in IL-6, IL-10, IL-2 and IFN-γ levels in the peripheral blood in the severe cases compared to those in the mild cases. T cell counts and cytokine levels in severe COVID-19 patients who survived the disease gradually recovered at later time points to levels that were comparable to those of the mild cases. Moreover, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (AUC=0·93) and neutrophil-to-CD8+ T cell ratio (N8R) (AUC =0·94) were identified as powerful prognostic factors affecting the prognosis for severe COVID-19. INTERPRETATION: The degree of lymphopenia and a proinflammatory cytokine storm is higher in severe COVID-19 patients than in mild cases, and is associated with the disease severity. N8R and NLR may serve as a useful prognostic factor for early identification of severe COVID-19 cases. FUNDING: The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Science and Technology Major Project, the Health Commission of Hubei Province, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and the Medical Faculty of the University of Duisburg-Essen and Stiftung Universitaetsmedizin, Hospital Essen, Germany.
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Betacoronavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/imunologia , Citocinas/sangue , Contagem de Leucócitos , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/imunologia , Pneumonia Viral/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , COVID-19 , China/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/sangue , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/etiologia , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/imunologia , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Contagem de Linfócitos , Linfopenia/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/sangue , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , SARS-CoV-2 , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The distribution of hepatitis B virus genotype in Hubei province and its clinical significance were investigated. HBV genotypes of 276 patients were detected by PCR-microplate sandwich hybridization-ELISA technique. The level of HBV DNA was detected by using PCR-fluorescence quantification test. Among 276 patients, there were 78 cases of HBV asymptomatic carriers, 110 cases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 62 cases of severe hepatitis (SH) or liver cirrhosis (LC) and 26 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The genotypes of HBV included C, B, mixtures (B+C, B+D, C+D) and D, accounting for 55.8%, 25.4%, 16.7% and 2.1% respectively. The average level of HBV DNA in genotypes C, B, mixtures and D was 1.20x10(6), 7.81x10(4), 3.26x10(5) and 5.01x10(4) copies/mL respectively. The ratio of SH, LC and HCC in genotype B, C and mixtures was 20%, 30% and 48% respectively. Statistical analysis revealed the percentage of genotype mixtures infection was significantly higher than that of genotype B infection. There was no significant difference in the percentage between genotype B and genotype C or between genotype C and mixtures. The distribution of genotype B, C and mixtures in SH, LC and HCC was significantly different. The frequency of HCC was zero in patients with co-infection. Genotype D was only related with SH and LC. The increased ALT could be converted to categorical grades of severity. From mild, moderate to severity, the prevalence of genotype C showed an opposite trend, although no statistically significant difference was observed. The HBeAg positive rate was higher in patients with genotype C infection than in those with genotype B, especially in the patients whose ages were from 31 to 40 years old. Compared with genotype B, genotype C showed a higher HBeAg positive rate in patients with SH and LC. The percentage of SH, LC and HCC was higher in patients with genotype C and mixtures infection. On the contrary, the percentage of genotype B was lower. The HBeAg positive rate in patients with genotype C infection was higher than those with genotype B infection. Genotype C and mixtures may be associated with development of severe liver disease.
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Antígenos E da Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Hepatite B Crônica/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , China , DNA Viral/sangue , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B Crônica/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Ácidos Borônicos , Hepatopatias , Inibidores de Proteassoma , Pirazinas , Bortezomib , HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Chinese traditional medicine heluoshugan capsule on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice. METHODS: Liver fibrosis in mice was established by Schistosoma japonicum infection in 6 weeks. Suspension of heluoshugan prepared with normal saline was given orally to the mice, 2 capsules for 20 mice daily for 8 weeks. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and type I, III collagen in liver tissue were detected by immuno-histochemistry. RESULTS: The results showed that heluoshugan improved the pathological change of the liver tissue, decreased the level of type I, III collagen, especially type III collagen (P < 0.01). The level of VEGF and FAK expression was inhibited after the administration of heluoshugan, though the level usually increased in liver fibrosis due to the infection. CONCLUSIONS: The result suggests that heluoshugan capsule might have therapeutic effect on liver fibrosis induced by the infection of Schistosoma japonicum in mice, by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells and the pathological change of liver blood vessel.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Materia Medica/farmacologia , Schistosoma japonicum/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose Japônica/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Cápsulas , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Colágeno Tipo III/metabolismo , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Quinase 1 de Adesão Focal/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/etiologia , Materia Medica/uso terapêutico , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Distribuição Aleatória , Schistosoma japonicum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Esquistossomose Japônica/complicações , Esquistossomose Japônica/parasitologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismoRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the role of miR-125b in regulating monocyte immune responses induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein. METHODS: Monocytic THP-1 cells were treated with various concentrations of recombinant HCV core protein, and cytokines and miR-125b expression in these cells were analyzed. The requirement of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) or MyD88 gene for HCV core protein-induced immune responses was determined by the transfection of THP-1 cells with gene knockdown vectors expressing either TLR2 siRNA or MyD88 siRNA. The effect of miR-125b overexpression on TLR2/MyD88 signaling was examined by transfecting THP-1 cells with miR-125b mimic RNA oligos. RESULTS: In response to HCV core protein stimulation, cytokine production was up-regulated and miR-125b expression was down-regulated in THP-1 cells. The modulatory effect of HCV core protein on cellular events was dose-dependent and required functional TLR2 or MyD88 gene. Forced miR-125b expression abolished the HCV core protein-induced enhancement of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 expression by 66%, 54%, and 66%, respectively (P < 0.001), by inhibiting MyD88-mediated signaling, including phosphorylation of NF-κBp65, ERK, and P38. CONCLUSION: The inverse correlation between miR-125b and cytokine expression after HCV core challenge suggests that miR-125b may negatively regulate HCV-induced immune responses by targeting TLR2/MyD88 signaling in monocytes.
Assuntos
Hepacivirus/fisiologia , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Fator 88 de Diferenciação Mieloide/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/fisiologia , Proteínas do Core Viral/fisiologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Humanos , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-6/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genéticaRESUMO
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) with a high fatality rate. But the immunofunction was still unclear. The objective of our study was to assess the immunofunction in SFTS patients. Immunofunction test with flow cytometry which contains CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, B cells and NK cells would be used for detecting serum samples collected from 34 SFTS cases and 20 healthy donors. We found that CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes were significantly diminished in SFTS compared to normal control. In contrast, the percentage of NK cells was elevated. Further analysis revealed that the number of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes showed that there was a more robust pattern of depression in acute phase and severe SFTS infection compared to the patients in recovery phase and mild SFTS infection. But NK cells were significantly increased in acute phase and severe SFTS. They reverted to the near normal levels in convalescent phase. Additionally, the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes progressively decreased in death group when compared with the survival group, but the level of B cells was higher. The damages of immune system were obvious, and the immune dysfunction might be partly responsible for disease progression of patients with SFTSV infection.