RESUMO
We report an epidemic of parvovirus B19 infections in Denmark during the first quarter of 2024, with a peak incidence 3.5 times higher than during the most recent epidemic in 2017. In total, 20.1% (130/648) of laboratory-confirmed cases were pregnant. Severe adverse outcomes were observed among 12.3% (16/130) of pregnant people and included foetal anaemia, foetal hydrops and miscarriage. Parvovirus B19 infection is not systematically monitored, but a national laboratory-based surveillance system is currently being established in Denmark.
Assuntos
Infecções por Parvoviridae , Parvovirus B19 Humano , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Dinamarca/epidemiologia , Parvovirus B19 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Adulto , Incidência , Infecções por Parvoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/diagnóstico , Epidemias , Hidropisia Fetal/epidemiologia , Hidropisia Fetal/virologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto Jovem , Eritema Infeccioso/epidemiologia , Eritema Infeccioso/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Aborto Espontâneo/epidemiologia , Aborto Espontâneo/virologia , Vigilância da PopulaçãoRESUMO
Wastewater surveillance and quantitative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA are increasingly used to monitor the spread of COVID-19 in the community. We studied the feasibility of applying the surveillance data for early detection of local outbreaks. A Monte Carlo simulation model was constructed, applying data on reported variation in RNA gene copy concentration in faeces and faecal masses shed. It showed that, even with a constant number of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedders, the variation in concentrations found in wastewater samples will be large, and that it will be challenging to translate viral concentrations into incidence estimates, especially when the number of shedders is low. Potential signals for early detection of hypothetical outbreaks were analysed for their performance in terms of sensitivity and specificity of the signals. The results suggest that a sudden increase in incidence is not easily identified on the basis of wastewater surveillance data, especially in small sampling areas and in low-incidence situations. However, with a high number of shedders and when combining data from multiple consecutive tests, the performance of wastewater sampling is expected to improve considerably. The developed modelling approach can increase our understanding of the results from wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.