RESUMO
The post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) pose a threat to patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Here, the impact of COVID-19 on HRQOL and the clinical factors associated with impaired HRQOL were examined. Discharged COVID-19 patients were assessed at 3 and 6 months after disease onset. The patients completed a medical examination and the SF-36 questionnaire at these two time points and underwent pulmonary function testing at 6 months after disease onset. All had undergone computed tomography (CT) imaging upon hospital admission. Of the 74 included patients, 38% reported respiratory symptoms at 3 months, and 26% reported respiratory symptoms at 6 months after disease onset. The aggregated SF-36 scores declined in the role/social component summary (RCS), a category related to social activity. Patients with lower RCS tended to have respiratory sequelae or a relatively lower forced vital capacity. The CT score that reflected the extent of COVID-19 pneumonia was inversely correlated with the RCS score (3 months, p = 0.0024; 6 months, p = 0.0464). A high CT score (≥10 points) predicted a low RCS score at 6 months (p = 0.013). This study highlights the impairment of RCS and its associations with respiratory sequelae. The study also emphasizes the importance of radiological findings in predicting long-term HRQOL outcomes after COVID-19.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective medical data from advanced or recurrent NSCLC patients who were treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab at ten institutions in Japan between January 2016 and September 2018 were analyzed. Eligible patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of pre-existing ILD. RESULTS: A total of 461 NSCLC patients were enrolled, 412 without ILD (Non-ILD group) and 49 with ILD (ILD group). The response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) of the ILD group were not inferior to those of the Non-ILD group [RR: 49.0 % (24/49) vs. 30.1 % (124/412), P < 0.01 and DCR: 69.4 % (34/49) vs. 51.2 % (211/412), P = 0.016, respectively]. Non-inferior outcomes were also observed with respect to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (median PFS: 5.9 months vs. 3.5 months, P = 0.14 and median OS: 27.8 months vs. 25.2 months, P = 0.74 in the ILD and Non-ILD groups, respectively). Among immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) was more frequently observed among NSCLC patients in the ILD group [30.6 % (15/49) vs. 9.5 % (39/412), P < 0.01]. The frequency of irAEs other than CIP and infusion reactions was not significantly different between the ILD group and the Non-ILD group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the clinical outcomes of ICIs are not significantly affected by pre-existing ILD despite the increased frequency of CIP. NSCLC patients with ILD are therefore probable candidates for ICIs.