Rare case of simultaneous occurrence of chronic neutrophil leukemia and T lymphoblastic lymphoma: case report and literature review.

Chronic neutrophil leukemia (CNL) is a rare and life-threatening disease. Cases of CNL combined with lymphoma are rare. Here, we report a case of CNL with T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL) in a 28-year-old male. After a regimen of ruxolitinib, VICLP (Vincristine, Idarubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Prednisone, Peg-asparaginase) regimen, high-dose cytarabine, and methotrexate regimens, the patient's bone marrow condition partially resolved. However, when the disease relapsed four months later, despite attempts with selinexor, venetoclax, and CAG(aclarubicin hydrochloride, Algocytidine, Granulocyte Stimulating Factor) chemotherapy, the leukocytes and peripheral blood primitive cells reduced, but the bone marrow did not achieve remission. This pathogenesis may be related to microenvironmental immune escape under prolonged inflammatory stimulation and gene disruption affecting protein function due to colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor gene (CSF3R) mutations. For this type of disease, early intervention may delay disease progression.

[Cytokines and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Current Research Status from Mechanism to Clinic--Review].

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of malignant myeloid tumors caused by hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. The discovery of gene mutations has elucidated the pathogenesis of MPN and provided molecular diagnostic criteria for MPN. Recent studies have shown that there are cytokine disorders in MPN patients, and the changes in the microenvironment caused by these cytokine disorders may have great significance for the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of MPN, which may lead to corresponding clinical symptoms and different prognosis in patients. In this review, the latest research progress on the role and status of cytokines in MPN will be summarized.