RESUMO
Screening of the Amgen compound library led to the identification of 2-phenylamino-6-cyano-1H-benzimidazole 1a as a potent CK1 gamma inhibitor with excellent kinase selectivity and unprecedented CK1 isoform selectivity. Further structure-based optimization of this series resulted in the discovery of 1h which possessed good enzymatic and cellular potency, excellent CK1 isoform and kinase selectivity, and acceptable pharmacokinetic properties.
Assuntos
Benzimidazóis/química , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Caseína Quinase I/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Animais , Benzimidazóis/farmacocinética , Sítios de Ligação , Caseína Quinase I/química , Caseína Quinase I/metabolismo , Humanos , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Isoformas de Proteínas/antagonistas & inibidores , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacocinética , Ratos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMO
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and in protection from apoptosis. IGF-1R has been shown to be an appealing target for the treatment of human cancer. Herein, we report the synthesis, structure-activity relationships (SAR), X-ray cocrystal structure and in vivo tumor study results for a series of 2,4-bis-arylamino-1,3-pyrimidines.
Assuntos
Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Pirimidinas/química , Quinolinas/síntese química , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Sítios de Ligação , Cristalografia por Raios X , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Camundongos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacocinética , Pirimidinas/síntese química , Pirimidinas/farmacocinética , Quinolinas/química , Quinolinas/farmacocinética , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Lck, or lymphocyte specific kinase, is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase of the Src family expressed in T-cells and NK cells. Genetic evidence from knockout mice and human mutations demonstrates that Lck kinase activity is critical for T-cell receptor-mediated signaling, leading to normal T-cell development and activation. A small molecule inhibitor of Lck is expected to be useful in the treatment of T-cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and/or organ transplant rejection. In this paper, we describe the structure-guided design, synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and pharmacological characterization of 2-amino-6-phenylpyrimido[5',4':5,6]pyrimido[1,2- a]benzimidazol-5(6 H)-ones, a new class of compounds that are potent inhibitors of Lck. The most promising compound of this series, 6-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-((4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)amino)pyrimido[5',4':5,6]pyrimido-[1,2- a]benzimidazol-5(6 H)-one ( 25), exhibits potent inhibition of Lck kinase activity. This activity translates into inhibition of in vitro cell-based assays and in vivo models of T-cell activation and arthritis, respectively.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/síntese química , Artrite/tratamento farmacológico , Benzimidazóis/síntese química , Proteína Tirosina Quinase p56(lck) Linfócito-Específica/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Pirimidinonas/síntese química , Administração Oral , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Benzimidazóis/química , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Desenho de Fármacos , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Injeções Intradérmicas , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Pirimidinonas/química , Pirimidinonas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T/metabolismoRESUMO
The lymphocyte-specific kinase (Lck), a member of the Src family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is expressed in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Genetic evidence, including knockout mice and human mutations, demonstrates that Lck kinase activity is critical for normal T cell development, activation, and signaling. Selective inhibition of Lck is expected to offer a new therapy for the treatment of T-cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disease. With the aid of X-ray structure-based analysis, aminopyrimidine amides 2 and 3 were designed from aminoquinazolines 1, which had previously been demonstrated to exhibit potent inhibition of Lck and T cell proliferation. In this report, we describe the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of novel aminopyrimidine amides 3 possessing improved cellular potency and selectivity profiles relative to their aminoquinazoline predecessors 1. Orally bioavailable compound 13b inhibited the anti-CD3-induced production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in mice in a dose-dependent manner (ED 50 = 9.4 mg/kg).
Assuntos
Amidas/farmacologia , Proteína Tirosina Quinase p56(lck) Linfócito-Específica/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Amidas/síntese química , Amidas/química , Animais , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cristalografia por Raios X , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Desenho de Fármacos , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-2/antagonistas & inibidores , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Células Matadoras Naturais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Matadoras Naturais/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Knockout , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Pirimidinas/síntese química , Pirimidinas/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linfócitos T/metabolismoRESUMO
N-3-(Phenylcarbamoyl)arylpyrimidine-5-carboxamides are a novel class of selective Lck inhibitors. This series of compounds derives its selectivity from a hydrogen bond with the gatekeeper Thr316 of the enzyme. X-ray co-crystal structural data, structure-activity relationships, and the synthesis of these inhibitors are reported herein.
Assuntos
Amidas/síntese química , Amidas/farmacologia , Proteína Tirosina Quinase p56(lck) Linfócito-Específica/antagonistas & inibidores , Pirimidinas/síntese química , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Amidas/química , Técnicas de Química Combinatória , Cristalografia por Raios X , Desenho de Fármacos , Humanos , Ligação de Hidrogênio , Conformação Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Pirimidinas/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Treonina/químicaRESUMO
The lymphocyte-specific kinase (Lck) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase of the Src family expressed in T cells and NK cells. Genetic evidence in both mice and humans demonstrates that Lck kinase activity is critical for signaling mediated by the T cell receptor (TCR), which leads to normal T cell development and activation. A small molecule inhibitor of Lck is expected to be useful in the treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and/or organ transplant rejection. In this paper, we describe the synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and pharmacological characterization of 2-aminopyrimidine carbamates, a new class of compounds with potent and selective inhibition of Lck. The most promising compound of this series, 2,6-dimethylphenyl 2-((3,5-bis(methyloxy)-4-((3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl)oxy)phenyl)amino)-4-pyrimidinyl(2,4-bis(methyloxy)phenyl)carbamate (43) exhibits good activity when evaluated in in vitro assays and in an in vivo model of T cell activation.
Assuntos
Aminopiridinas/síntese química , Anti-Inflamatórios/síntese química , Carbamatos/síntese química , Proteína Tirosina Quinase p56(lck) Linfócito-Específica/antagonistas & inibidores , Pirimidinas/síntese química , Administração Oral , Aminopiridinas/química , Aminopiridinas/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Disponibilidade Biológica , Carbamatos/química , Carbamatos/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Células Jurkat , Ativação Linfocitária , Teste de Cultura Mista de Linfócitos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Pirimidinas/química , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
The lymphocyte-specific kinase (Lck) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase of the Src family expressed in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Genetic evidence in both mice and humans demonstrates that Lck kinase activity is critical for signaling mediated by the T cell receptor (TCR), which leads to normal T cell development and activation. Selective inhibition of Lck is expected to offer a new therapy for the treatment of T-cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Screening of our kinase-preferred collection identified aminoquinazoline 1 as a potent, nonselective inhibitor of Lck and T cell proliferation. In this report, we describe the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of novel aminoquinazolines possessing in vitro mechanism-based potency. Optimized, orally bioavailable compounds 32 and 47 exhibit anti-inflammatory activity (ED(50) of 22 and 11 mg/kg, respectively) in the anti-CD3-induced production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in mice.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/síntese química , Benzamidas/síntese química , Proteína Tirosina Quinase p56(lck) Linfócito-Específica/antagonistas & inibidores , Quinazolinas/síntese química , Administração Oral , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Benzamidas/química , Benzamidas/farmacologia , Disponibilidade Biológica , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Interleucina-2/biossíntese , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Modelos Moleculares , Quinazolinas/química , Quinazolinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linfócitos T/citologia , Linfócitos T/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/biossínteseRESUMO
Tankyrase (TNKS) is a poly-ADP-ribosylating protein (PARP) whose activity suppresses cellular axin protein levels and elevates ß-catenin concentrations, resulting in increased oncogene expression. The inhibition of tankyrase (TNKS1 and 2) may reduce the levels of ß-catenin-mediated transcription and inhibit tumorigenesis. Compound 1 is a previously described moderately potent tankyrase inhibitor that suffers from poor pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, we describe the utilization of structure-based design and molecular modeling toward novel, potent, and selective tankyrase inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetic properties (39, 40).
Assuntos
Benzimidazóis/síntese química , Oxazolidinonas/síntese química , Tanquirases/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Animais , Benzimidazóis/farmacocinética , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Sítios de Ligação , Disponibilidade Biológica , Técnicas In Vitro , Camundongos , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Oxazolidinonas/farmacocinética , Oxazolidinonas/farmacologia , Ratos , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Tankyrases (TNKS1 and TNKS2) are proteins in the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) family. They have been shown to directly bind to axin proteins, which negatively regulate the Wnt pathway by promoting ß-catenin degradation. Inhibition of tankyrases may offer a novel approach to the treatment of APC-mutant colorectal cancer. Hit compound 8 was identified as an inhibitor of tankyrases through a combination of substructure searching of the Amgen compound collection based on a minimal binding pharmacophore hypothesis and high-throughput screening. Herein we report the structure- and property-based optimization of compound 8 leading to the identification of more potent and selective tankyrase inhibitors 22 and 49 with improved pharmacokinetic properties in rodents, which are well suited as tool compounds for further in vivo validation studies.
Assuntos
Descoberta de Drogas , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Tanquirases/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Disponibilidade Biológica , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Inibidores Enzimáticos/administração & dosagem , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Tanquirases/metabolismoRESUMO
2,3-Diarylfuro[2,3-b]pyridine-4-amines are a novel class of potent and selective inhibitors of Lck. The discovery, synthesis, and structure activity relationships of this series of inhibitors are reported. The most promising compounds were also profiled to deduce their pharmacokinetic properties.