Hepatitis C screening in a community pharmacy setting: Patient perspective.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an infection of the liver, which contributes to over 15,000 deaths in the United States annually. When treated, HCV has a 90% or greater cure rate, however testing for HCV remains low. OBJECTIVES: To assess patient perspectives on HCV screenings in the community pharmacy setting including awareness of screening, willingness to be screened, barriers to screening, and willingness to pay for HCV screening. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. The surveys were distributed by staff at an independent community pharmacy participating in an HCV screening initiative through the state department of public health. Eligible patients were born between 1945 and 1965. Descriptive statistics were calculated for survey variables. Open-ended responses were analyzed for additional context. RESULTS: Fifty-seven surveys were returned and analyzed. The majority of the respondents were White (94%), female (56%), and had some college education (26%). Only 7% were aware that a finger-stick point-of-care test was available and 67% were unaware of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation for testing. The most frequently reported barrier or hesitation to screening was the patient not thinking they were at risk (29%) followed by uncertainty about cost (14%). Over half of respondents (63%) were either somewhat interested or very interested in testing in a community pharmacy, however, the majority (71%) were not willing to pay or only willing to pay less than $20. CONCLUSIONS: Survey respondents were largely unaware of the recommendations and availability of finger-stick HCV screenings at community pharmacies but many were willing to be tested if low-cost. Providing patient education on the importance of HCV screenings and CDC recommendations may bolster interest in screening.

Use of a fall risk evaluation in a community-based pharmacy.

BACKGROUND: Falls in older adults are a serious public health concern. They increase health care expenditure and account for more than $30 billion in direct medical costs. Medication-related problems can contribute to fall risk, and community-based pharmacists are well positioned to intervene, given their role in monitoring ongoing medications. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the integration of a fall risk screening assessment (i.e., Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries [STEADI]) into community pharmacy practice and to report on the targeted medication management interventions that pharmacists made for patients aged 50 years or older with a fall risk potential. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: A service-oriented independent pharmacy in the Midwest United States that uses an in-house clinical software program to perform a prospective drug utilization review and document clinical interventions. PRACTICE INNOVATION: A 3-item STEADI fall risk screening assessment was administered from October 15, 2018, to January 31, 2019, to 311 pharmacy patrons aged 50 years or older taking high-risk medications. EVALUATION: For those with a positive screen for fall risk, the 12-item STEADI fall risk assessment was administered. A pharmacist performed a comprehensive medication review (CMR) for these patients. Education and medication recommendations were provided. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients (17%) responded "Yes" to at least 1 prescreening question. The mean total STEADI fall risk score was 5.7 out of 12. The most commonly reported STEADI item was a worry regarding falling (75.5%) and sometimes feeling unsteady when walking (67.9%). Education regarding falls was provided to all the patients who received the study CMR, but only 6 medication changes were made to the prescribers, of which 4 were accepted. CONCLUSION: The STEADI assessment was useful in identifying patients who were potentially at a risk of falls. More work pertaining to deprescribing high-risk medications for at-risk patients seems to be needed.