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1.
Opt Express ; 31(11): 17226-17234, 2023 May 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37381462

RESUMO

We propose a simulation method for a multireflector terahertz imaging system. The description and verification of the method are based on an existing active bifocal terahertz imaging system at 0.22 THz. Using the phase conversion factor and angular spectrum propagation, the computation of the incident and received fields requires only a simple matrix operation. The phase angle is used to calculate the ray tracking direction, and the total optical path is used to calculate the scattering field of defective foams. Compared with the measurements and simulations of aluminum disks and defective foams, the validity of the simulation method is confirmed in the field of view of 50 cm × 90 cm at 8 m. This work aims to develop better imaging systems by predicting their imaging behavior for different targets before manufacturing.

2.
Insect Mol Biol ; 32(3): 316-327, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36661853

RESUMO

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a key role in many biological processes. However, the function and evolutionary relationship of m6A-related genes in insects remain largely unknown. Here we analysed the phylogeny of m6A-related genes among 207 insect species and found that m6A-related genes are evolutionarily conserved in insects. Subcellular localization experiments of m6A-related proteins in BmN cells confirmed that BmYTHDF3 was localized in the cytoplasm, BmMETTL3, BmMETTL14, and BmYTHDC were localized in the nucleus, and FL2D was localized to both the nucleus and cytoplasm. We examined the expression patterns of m6A-related genes during the embryonic development of Bombyx mori. To elucidate the function of BmMETTL3 during the embryonic stage, RNA sequencing was performed to measure changes in gene expression in silkworm eggs after BmMETTL3 knockdown, as well as in BmN cells overexpressing BmMETTL3. The global transcriptional pattern showed that knockdown of BmMETTL3 affected multiple cellular processes, including oxidoreductase activity, transcription regulator activity, and the cation binding. In addition, transcriptomic data revealed that many observed DEGs were associated with fundamental metabolic processes, including carbon metabolism, purine metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and the citrate cycle. Interestingly, we found that knockdown of BmMETTL3 significantly affected Wnt and Toll/Imd pathways in embryos. Taken together, these results suggest that BmMETTL3 plays an essential role in the embryonic development of B. mori, and deepen our understanding of the function of m6A-related genes in insects.


Assuntos
Bombyx , Animais , Bombyx/genética , Bombyx/metabolismo , Metiltransferases/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Transcriptoma , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/genética
3.
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol ; 112(4): e21995, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36575612

RESUMO

The imaginal disc growth factor (IDGF), belonging to the glycoside hydrolase 18 family, plays an important role in various physiological processes in insects. However, the detail physiological function of IDGF is still unclear. In this study, transcriptome analysis was performed on the fatbody isolated from staged control and BmIDGF mutant silkworm larvae. Transcriptional profiling revealed that the absence of BmIDGF significantly affected differentially expressed genes involved in tyrosine and purine metabolism, as well as multiple energy metabolism pathways, including glycolysis, galactose, starch, and sucrose metabolism. The interruption of BmIDGF caused similar and specific gene expression changes to male and female fatbody. Furthermore, a genome-scale metabolic network integrating metabolomic and transcriptomic datasets revealed 11 pathways significantly altered at the transcriptional and metabolic levels, including amino acid, carbohydrate, uric acid metabolism pathways, insect hormone biosynthesis, and ABC transporters. In conclusion, this multiomics analysis suggests that IDGF is involved in gene-metabolism interactions, revealing its unique role in melanin synthesis and energy metabolism. This study provides new insights into the physiological function of IDGF in insects.


Assuntos
Bombyx , Masculino , Animais , Feminino , Bombyx/metabolismo , Melaninas/metabolismo , Discos Imaginais/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Metabolismo Energético , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo
4.
PLoS Genet ; 16(9): e1008980, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32986708

RESUMO

The complex stripes and patterns of insects play key roles in behavior and ecology. However, the fine-scale regulation mechanisms underlying pigment formation and morphological divergence remain largely unelucidated. Here we demonstrated that imaginal disc growth factor (IDGF) maintains cuticle structure and controls melanization in spot pattern formation of Bombyx mori. Moreover, our knockout experiments showed that IDGF is suggested to impact the expression levels of the ecdysone inducible transcription factor E75A and pleiotropic factors apt-like and Toll8/spz3, to further control the melanin metabolism. Furthermore, the untargeted metabolomics analyses revealed that BmIDGF significantly affected critical metabolites involved in phenylalanine, beta-alanine, purine, and tyrosine metabolism pathways. Our findings highlighted not only the universal function of IDGF to the maintenance of normal cuticle structure but also an underexplored space in the gene function affecting melanin formation. Therefore, this study furthers our understanding of insect pigment metabolism and melanin pattern polymorphisms.


Assuntos
Bombyx/fisiologia , Proteínas de Insetos/metabolismo , Melaninas/metabolismo , Pigmentação/fisiologia , Animais , Bombyx/anatomia & histologia , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Técnicas de Inativação de Genes , Proteínas de Insetos/genética , Larva/genética , Larva/fisiologia , Melaninas/biossíntese , Melaninas/genética , Metabolômica/métodos , Mutação , Filogenia , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo
5.
Light Sci Appl ; 13(1): 25, 2024 Jan 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38253520

RESUMO

Classical and quantum space-to-ground communications necessitate highly sensitive receivers capable of extracting information from modulated photons to extend the communication distance from near-earth orbits to deep space explorations. To achieve gigabit data rates while mitigating strong background noise photons and beam drift in a highly attenuated free-space channel, a comprehensive design of a multi-functional detector is indispensable. In this study, we present an innovative compact multi-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array that integrates near-unity detection efficiency (91.6%), high photon counting rate (1.61 Gcps), large dynamic range for resolving different photon numbers (1-24), and four-quadrant position sensing function all within one device. Furthermore, we have constructed a communication testbed to validate the advantages offered by such an architecture. Through 8-PPM (pulse position modulation) format communication experiments, we have achieved an impressive maximum data rate of 1.5 Gbps, demonstrating sensitivities surpassing previous benchmarks at respective speeds. By incorporating photon number information into error correction codes, the receiver can tolerate maximum background noise levels equivalent to 0.8 photons/slot at a data rate of 120 Mbps-showcasing a great potential for daylight operation scenarios. Additionally, preliminary beam tracking tests were conducted through open-loop scanning techniques, which revealed clear quantitative dependence indicating sensitivity variations based on beam location. Based on the device characterizations and communication results, we anticipate that this device architecture, along with its corresponding signal processing and coding techniques, will be applicable in future space-to-ground communication tasks.

6.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 93(17): 1292-6, 2013 May 07.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24029475

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To establish the experimental autoimmune Lewis rat model of myasthenia gravis (EAMG) specific for muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). METHODS: Lewis rats were immunized subcutaneously with a single injection of 200 µl of MuSK (50/100 µg) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). And MuSK was expressed according to the murine gene of MuSK (AY360453). Control rats were immunized with CFA alone. All rats were observed every other day in a blinded fashion for fatigue characteristics. The clinical symptoms were graded between 0 and 3. And the clinical scores were recorded. The serum levels of anti-MuSK IgG at Days 7 and 57 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The clinical symptoms of myasthenia gravis (MG) appeared at Day 16 and peaked at Days 18-22. The serum levels of anti-MuSK IgG were markedly elevated in the experimental groups compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: EAMG induced by MuSK is successfully established in rats. And this animal model may help us elucidate the pathogenesis of anti-MuSK myasthenia (AMM) and discover new drug therapy in the future.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Miastenia Gravis Autoimune Experimental , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/imunologia , Receptores Colinérgicos/imunologia , Animais , Feminino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew
7.
Insect Sci ; 30(1): 15-30, 2023 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35343650

RESUMO

Lipocalins exhibit functional diversity, including roles in retinol transport, invertebrate cryptic coloration, and stress response. However, genome-wide identification and characterization of lipocalin in the insect lineage have not been thoroughly explored. Here, we found that a lineage-specific expansion of the lipocalin genes in Lepidoptera occurred in large part due to tandem duplication events and several lipocalin genes involving insect coloration were expanded more via tandem duplication in butterflies. A comparative analysis of conserved motifs showed both conservation and divergence of lepidopteran lipocalin family protein structures during evolution. We observe dynamic changes in tissue expression preference of paralogs in Bombyx mori, suggesting differential contribution of paralogs to specific organ functions during evolution. Subcellular localization experiments revealed that lipocalins localize to the cytoplasm, nuclear membrane, or nucleus in BmN cells. Moreover, several lipocalin genes exhibited divergent responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, and 1 lipocalin gene was upregulated by 300 fold in B. mori. These results suggest that lipocalins act as signaling components in defense responses by mediating crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stress responses. This study deepens our understanding of the comprehensive characteristics of lipocalins in insects.


Assuntos
Bombyx , Borboletas , Lepidópteros , Animais , Lepidópteros/genética , Bombyx/genética , Borboletas/genética , Lipocalinas/genética , Genoma de Inseto , Família Multigênica , Filogenia
8.
J Am Chem Soc ; 134(9): 4068-71, 2012 Mar 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22352415

RESUMO

Single-crystal Ca(10)(Pt(4)As(8))(Fe(1.8)Pt(0.2)As(2))(5) superconducting (SC) nanowhiskers with widths down to hundreds of nanometers were successfully grown in a Ta capsule in an evacuated quartz tube by a flux method. Magnetic and electrical properties measurements demonstrate that the whiskers have excellent crystallinity with critical temperature of up to 33 K, upper critical field of 52.8 T, and critical current density of J(c) of 6.0 × 10(5) A/cm(2) (at 26 K). Since cuprate high-T(c) SC whiskers are fragile ceramics, the present intermetallic SC whiskers with high T(c) have better opportunities for device applications. Moreover, although the growth mechanism is not understood well, the technique can be potentially useful for growth of other whiskers containing toxic elements.

9.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 90(24): 1686-9, 2010 Jun 22.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20979878

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) so as to improve their understanding and diagnosis. METHODS: The data of 62 rectal NETs patients were retrospectively analyzed to summarize their clinical characteristics. They were categorized into 3 types based on the level of histological differentiation. And the relationship of tumor size, histological type and metastases was examined. RESULTS: The clinical presentations of rectal NETs were atypical. The main clinical presentation was change in bowel habit (n=43, 69.4%); Ten cases (16.1%) were asymptomatic. Nine cases were found during routine digital rectal examination. In 57 cases (91.9%), the distance was within 8 cm from anorectal line. All patients had single lesion without the presence of carcinoid syndrome. 25.8% (16/62) had colonic polyps while 16.1% (10/62) synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas. Except for synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas (n=10), among 52 cases, there were 39 cases with tumor diameter <1 cm, the main type was type I; 7 cases with tumor diameter >2 cm, the main types were types II and III. The metastatic rates in three groups with tumor diameter <1 cm, 1-2 cm and >2 cm were 0, 33.3% and 71.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: The clinical presentations of rectal NETs are non-specific. Most cases are often single lesion without the presence of carcinoid syndrome. The clinical process and prognosis of rectal NETs are closely related to tumor size, histological type, the presence of lymph node metastases and liver metastases. The routine digital rectal examination is the simplest and most effectively way of diagnosing rectal NETs. Colonoscopy is important in diagnosing the synchronous cancers and conducting a follow-up.


Assuntos
Tumores Neuroendócrinos/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
10.
J Peripher Nerv Syst ; 13(1): 54-63, 2008 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18346231

RESUMO

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated peripheral nervous system disease. CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been unequivocally shown to be critical in maintaining immune tolerance and preventing auto-immune diseases by suppressing self-reactive T cells. Thus, we hypothesized that the numbers and/or the function of Tregs would be deranged during the progressive or relapse phases of CIDP. The number of Tregs was determined by flow cytometry according to their characteristic CD4+CD25(high) membrane phenotype. Functional characterization of Tregs was analyzed by suppression of proliferation and secretion of cytokines by co-cultured effector CD4+CD25- T cells. FOXP3 message expression level was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed significant reduction in both the number and the suppressive function of Tregs in the patients with CIDP compared with healthy controls. Also, Tregs isolated from CIDP patients expressed lower levels of FoxP3 mRNA. During the progressive or the relapsing phases of CIDP, the number of Tregs was reduced, and the suppressive function of them decreased. These findings may be helpful to our understanding of the possible role of Tregs in the pathogenesis of CIDP.


Assuntos
Polirradiculoneuropatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória Crônica/imunologia , Polirradiculoneuropatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória Crônica/patologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/citologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/citologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Separação Celular/métodos , Células Cultivadas , Criança , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polirradiculoneuropatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória Crônica/sangue
11.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 88(15): 1036-40, 2008 Apr 15.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18754436

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study is to demonstrate possible involvement of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells and TGF-beta in immune activation in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). If so, how does CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells and TGF-beta, collaborate to impact on the production of pathogenic anti-AChR antibodies (Ab)? METHODS: 40 MG in-patients with recent onset or deterioration and age and gender-matched 38 healthy subjects were consecutively enrolled. Flow cytometry was employed to detect circulating CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells. Levels of AChR-Abs and TGF-beta1 in serum were detected by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbance assay respectively. RESULTS: Numbers of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells were significantly decreased in MG patients (3.0% +/- 2.5%) compared with healthy controls(4.6% +/- 3.7% , P = 0.03). Decreased production of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells was associated with late-onset, longer-duration, positive-MG sera for AChR-Abs, normal or atrophic thymus, and non-thymectomy treatment et al, respectively. Although CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells were not linear-correlated with serum anti-AChR Ab titers, but were conversely correlated with each other in MG patients without thymoma (non-MGT) (r = -0.37, P = 0.02). Likewise, levels of TGF-beta1 in 31 non-MGT patients (112 ng/L +/- 83 ng/L) were decreased compared with those of healthy subjects (215 ng/L +/- 134 ng/L, P = 0.00), and was conversely correlated with titers of anti-AChR Abs (r = -0.37, P = 0.02). The titer of anti-AChR Abs were correlated with Osserman classification and MGFA grade (r = 0.34, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Numbers of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells and levels of TGF-beta1 in MG patients were significantly decreased compared with healthy controls, and may thus contribute to the pathogenesis of MG. Numbers of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells were conversely correlated with levels of anti-AChR Abs in non-MGT patients.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Miastenia Gravis/sangue , Receptores Colinérgicos/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/sangue , Adulto , Antígenos CD4/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miastenia Gravis/imunologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Linfócitos T Reguladores/citologia , Adulto Jovem
12.
Int J Oncol ; 53(3): 937-948, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29956756

RESUMO

In this study, we aimed to identify the tumor suppressive roles of zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (ZIC1) in patients with malignant breast neoplasms and to examine the association between ZIC1 and survivin expression. For this purpose, 140 invasive breast cancer specimens, 1,075 RNA breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 6 human breast cancer cell lines and MCF-10A normal breast epithelial cells were selected in order to compare the expression level of ZIC1 with that of survivin via immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Subsequently, the MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR3 cells with a lower ZIC1 expression were transfected with rLV-Zic1-PGK-Puro lentivirus or rLV-ZsGreen-PGK­Puro lentivirus in order to observe any alterations in cell proliferation and apoptosis through MTT assay, colony formation assay, mitochondrial membrane potential assay and flow cytometric analysis, and to analyze the modulation of molecular mechanisms by western blot analysis. In addition, xenograft mouse models were constructed to explore the role of ZIC1 in the growth of implanted tumors. The results revealed that ZIC1 negatively correlated with survivin in tumors and cells, and a higher ZIC1 RNA expression indicated a better overall survival in the 1,075 TCGA RNA breast cancer samples. In vitro, the overexpression of ZIC1 inhibited cell proliferation, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted the apoptosis of the MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR3 breast cancer cells by inactivating the Akt/mTOR/P70S6K pathway, suppressing survivin expression, modulating the cell cycle, releasing cytochrome c (Cyto-c) into the cytosol and activating caspase proteins. In vivo, an elevated ZIC1 expression suppressed the growth of implanted tumors and downregulated survivin expression in tumors. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that ZIC1 plays a tumor suppressive role in breast cancer, by targeting surviving, significantly downregulating its expression.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/metabolismo , Adulto , Animais , Apoptose/genética , Mama/patologia , Mama/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Ciclo Celular/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Humanos , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Mastectomia , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Survivina , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
13.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao ; 29(5): 1381-1388, 2018 May.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29797868

RESUMO

In Zhangbei County, Hebei Province, poplar-dominated shelterbelts are degraded to different extents. Water availability is the main limiting factor for plant survival in arid areas. The purpose of this study was to reveal the relationship between water availability and poplar degradation. Based on the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope techniques, we explored the water sources of Populus simonii under different degradation degrees by comparing the isotopic values of P. simonii xylem water with that in potential water source, and calculated the utilization ratio of each water source. The results showed that the water sources of poplar trees varied with degradation degree. The water sources of P. simonii gradually transferred from the deep layer to the surface layer with the increases of degradation. P. simonii with no degradation mainly absorbed soil water in the range of 320-400 cm, with the utilization rate being 25.1%. P. simonii with slight degradation mainly used soil water at depth of 120-180, 180-240 and 240-320 cm. The total utilization rate of three layers was close to 50.0%, with less utilization of water from other layers. The moderately degraded P. simonii mainly used soil water at depth of 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm. The utilization rate of each layer was 17.5%-20.9%, and the contribution rate of soil water under 120 cm was less than 10.0%. The severely degraded P. simonii mainly used water from surface soil layer (0-20 cm), with the utilization rate being 30.4%, which was significantly higher than that of other water sources. The water sources of poplar shelter forests were gradually shallower during the process of degradation. However, the low soil water content in the shallow layer could not meet the normal water demand of poplar, which would accelerate the degradation and even decline of poplar.


Assuntos
Populus , Água , China , Florestas , Solo/química
14.
J Breast Cancer ; 21(1): 51-61, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29628984

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Five members of the zinc finger of the cerebellum (ZIC) family-ZIC1, ZIC2, ZIC3, ZIC4, and ZIC5-have been shown to be involved in various carcinomas. Here, we aimed to explore the clinicopathologic and prognostic roles of ZIC family members in invasive breast cancer patients using immunohistochemical analysis, western blotting analysis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). METHODS: A total of 241 female invasive breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy between 2009 and 2011 were enrolled. ZIC proteins in 241 pairs of breast tumors and corresponding normal tissues were investigated using immunohistochemistry and the clinicopathologic roles of proteins were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were also used to analyze the prognostic value of the ZIC proteins. In addition, 12 pairs of fresh-frozen breast tumors and matched normal tissues were used in the western blotting analysis and RT-qPCR. RESULTS: Only ZIC1 expression in normal tissues was obviously higher than that in tumors (p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, ZIC1 expression (in overall survival analysis: hazard ratio [HR], 0.405, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.233-0.702, p=0.001; in disease-free survival analysis: HR, 0.395, 95% CI, 0.234-0.669, p=0.001) was identified as a prognostic indicator of invasive breast cancer. CONCLUSION: ZIC1, but not the other proteins, was obviously decreased in breast tumors and associated with clinicopathologic factors. Thus, ZIC1 might be a novel indicator to predict the overall and disease-free survival of invasive breast cancer patients.

15.
J Neuroimmunol ; 192(1-2): 206-14, 2007 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17997492

RESUMO

CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory cells (Tregs), a subset of CD4(+) T cells expressing high levels of CD25 and the transcription factor Foxp3, are critical in maintaining immunologic homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity by suppressing self-reactive T cells. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is thought to be a self-limiting, autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system. We hypothesized that altered frequency and/or function of Tregs play a role in the breakdown of immunologic self-tolerance in GBS patients. To characterize Tregs in GBS patients, we used flow cytometry to evaluate peripheral numbers of Tregs, real-time polymerase chain reaction to assay mRNA expression of FOXP3, and coculture to analyze functional suppressive properties of Tregs. The results showed that acute-stage patients with AMAN and AIDP exhibited significantly reduced numbers of peripheral Tregs as compared with healthy donors, but marked improvement was observed in stable-stage patients with GBS after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), concomitantly with improvement of neuropathic symptoms. On the other hand, GBS-derived Tregs and Tregs from healthy individuals exhibited equal FOXP3-expression of mRNA and their ability of suppressing the proliferation and cytokine secretion of CD4 (+) effector T cells was unimpaired in GBS patients. These results suggest that short-term reduced circulating Tregs may be associated with the pathogenesis of two subtypes of GBS. Reversible number and intact function of Tregs presumably contribute to monophasic self-limiting course in GBS.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/imunologia , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/patologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/patologia , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Criança , Citocinas/metabolismo , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/metabolismo , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/terapia , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapêutico , Ativação Linfocitária/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linfócitos T Reguladores/metabolismo , Linfócitos T Reguladores/patologia
16.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 60(2): 264-7, 2007 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17692508

RESUMO

Preparation of distributed virus on a solid substrate is a prerequisite for investigation of the properties and individualism of virus, while many previous studies showed that virus has a tendency to aggregate on solid substrates. In this communication, we report a novel approach by which well-separated recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (rAAV2) could be prepared on bare mica surface. The key technique in this approach is the addition of less than 3% (v/v) glycerol into the virus solution and subsequently deposition onto mica surface for the sample preparation. The possible mechanisms are also briefly discussed.


Assuntos
Silicatos de Alumínio/química , Dependovirus/química , Glicerol/química , Dependovirus/classificação , Microscopia de Força Atômica/métodos , Tamanho da Partícula , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/classificação , Propriedades de Superfície
17.
Nat Commun ; 8(1): 1880, 2017 12 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29192211

RESUMO

Nematic order often breaks the tetragonal symmetry of iron-based superconductors. It arises from regular structural transition or electronic instability in the normal phase. Here, we report the observation of a nematic superconducting state, by measuring the angular dependence of the in-plane and out-of-plane magnetoresistivity of Ba0.5K0.5Fe2As2 single crystals. We find large twofold oscillations in the vicinity of the superconducting transition, when the direction of applied magnetic field is rotated within the basal plane. To avoid the influences from sample geometry or current flow direction, the sample was designed as Corbino-shape for in-plane and mesa-shape for out-of-plane measurements. Theoretical analysis shows that the nematic superconductivity arises from the weak mixture of the quasi-degenerate s-wave and d-wave components of the superconducting condensate, most probably induced by a weak anisotropy of stresses inherent to single crystals.

18.
Insect Biochem Mol Biol ; 70: 1-9, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26696544

RESUMO

Developmental switching from growth to metamorphosis in imaginal primordia is an essential process of adult body planning in holometabolous insects. Although it is disciplined by a sequential action of the ecdysteroid, molecular mechanisms linking to cell proliferation are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the expression control of cell cycle-related genes by the ecdysteroid using the wing disc of the final-instar larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. We found that the expression level of c-myc was remarkably elevated in the post-feeding cell proliferation phase, which coincided with a small increase in ecdysteroid titer. An in vitro wing disc culture showed that supplementation of the moderate level of the ecdysteroid upregulated c-myc expression within an hour and subsequently increased the expression of cell cycle core regulators, including A-, B-, D-, and E-type cyclin genes, Cdc25 and E2F1. We demonstrated that c-myc upregulation by the ecdysteroid was not inhibited in the presence of a protein synthesis inhibitor, suggesting a possibility that the ecdysteroid directly stimulates c-myc expression. Finally, results from the administration of a c-Myc inhibitor demonstrated that c-Myc plays an essential role in 20E-inducible cell proliferation. These findings suggested a novel pathway for ecdysteroid-inducible cell proliferation in insects, and it is likely to be conserved between insects and mammals in terms of steroid hormone regulation.


Assuntos
Bombyx/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Ecdisteroides/fisiologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/metabolismo , Asas de Animais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento
19.
PLoS One ; 11(1): e0145803, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26731428

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: There is a heated debate on whether the prognostic value of SPARC is favorable or unfavorable. Thus, we carried out a meta-analysis evaluating the relationship between SPARC expression and the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for relevant articles. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95%CI of overall survival (OS) were calculated to evaluate the prognostic value of SPARC expression in patients with pancreatic cancer. We also performed subgroup analyses. RESULTS: With 1623 patients pooled from 10 available studies, the incorporative HR showed an unfavorable prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer in the multivariate analysis (HR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.11-2.17, P = 0.01), but not in univariate analysis (HR = 1.41, 95%CI: 0.47-4.21, P = 0.54) and estimate (HR = 1.24, 95%CI: 0.72-2.13, P = 0.44). And this adverse impact could also be found in the subgroup analyses in multivariate analysis, especially in the stroma (HR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.05-2.24, P = 0.03). However, the combined HR had the highly significant heterogeneity. No obvious publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS: SPARC might be an unfavorable indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer, especially in the stroma. More and further researches should be conducted to reveal the prognostic value of SPARC.


Assuntos
Osteonectina/análise , Pâncreas/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Humanos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Análise de Sobrevida
20.
PLoS One ; 11(8): e0160547, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27518571

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: There is a heated debate on whether the prognostic value of NME1 is favorable or unfavorable. Thus, we carried out a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between NME1 expression and the prognosis of patients with digestive system neoplasms. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for relevant articles. The pooled odd ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95%CI were calculated to evaluate the prognostic value of NME1 expression in patients with digestive system neoplasms, and the association between NME1 expression and clinicopathological factors. We also performed subgroup analyses to find out the source of heterogeneity. RESULTS: 2904 patients were pooled from 28 available studies in total. Neither the incorporative OR combined by 17 studies with overall survival (OR = 0.65, 95%CI:0.41-1.03, P = 0.07) nor the pooled OR with disease-free survival (OR = 0.75, 95%CI:0.17-3.36, P = 0.71) in statistics showed any significance. Although we couldn't find any significance in TNM stage (OR = 0.78, 95%CI:0.44-1.36, P = 0.38), elevated NME1 expression was related to well tumor differentiation (OR = 0.59, 95%CI:0.47-0.73, P<0.00001), negative N status (OR = 0.54, 95%CI:0.36-0.82, P = 0.003) and Dukes' stage (OR = 0.43, 95%CI:0.24-0.77, P = 0.004). And in the subgroup analyses, we only find the "years" which might be the source of heterogeneity of overall survival in gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that statistically significant association was found between NME1 expression and the tumor differentiation, N status and Dukes' stage of patients with digestive system cancers, while no significance was found in overall survival, disease-free survival and TNM stage. More and further researches should be conducted to reveal the prognostic value of NME1.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/patologia , Nucleosídeo NM23 Difosfato Quinases/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/genética , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Prognóstico
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