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1.
BMC Biol ; 21(1): 27, 2023 02 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36750818

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In addition to its contractile properties and role in movement, skeletal muscle plays an important function in regulating whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism. A central component of such regulation is mitochondria, whose quality and function are essential in maintaining proper metabolic homeostasis, with defects in processes such as autophagy and mitophagy involved in mitochondria quality control impairing skeletal muscle mass and function, and potentially leading to a number of associated diseases. Cold exposure has been reported to markedly induce metabolic remodeling and enhance insulin sensitivity in the whole body by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. However, changes in lipid metabolism and lipidomic profiles in skeletal muscle in response to cold exposure are unclear. Here, we generated lipidomic or transcriptome profiles of mouse skeletal muscle following cold induction, to dissect the molecular mechanisms regulating lipid metabolism upon acute cold treatment. RESULTS: Our results indicated that short-term cold exposure (3 days) can lead to a significant increase in intramuscular fat deposition. Lipidomic analyses revealed that a cold challenge altered the overall lipid composition by increasing the content of triglyceride (TG), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), while decreasing sphingomyelin (SM), validating lipid remodeling during the cold environment. In addition, RNA-seq and qPCR analysis showed that cold exposure promoted the expression of genes related to lipolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis. These marked changes in metabolic effects were associated with mitophagy and muscle signaling pathways, which were accompanied by increased TG deposition and impaired fatty acid oxidation. Mechanistically, HIF-1α signaling was highly activated in response to the cold challenge, which may contribute to intramuscular fat deposition and enhanced mitophagy in a cold environment. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our data revealed the adaptive changes of skeletal muscle associated with lipidomic and transcriptomic profiles upon cold exposure. We described the significant alterations in the composition of specific lipid species and expression of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Cold-mediated mitophagy may play a critical role in modulating lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, which is precisely regulated by HIF-1α signaling.


Assuntos
Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Mitofagia , Animais , Camundongos , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Lipídeos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Temperatura Baixa
2.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol ; 69(1): 73-86, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36944195

RESUMO

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) has received much attention as a potential pulmonary hypertension (PH) treatment target because inhibition of HIF reduces the severity of established PH in rodent models. However, the limitations of small-animal models of PH in predicting the therapeutic effects of pharmacologic interventions in humans PH are well known. Therefore, we sought to interrogate the role of HIFs in driving the activated phenotype of PH cells from human and bovine vessels. We first established that pulmonary arteries (PAs) from human and bovine PH lungs exhibit markedly increased expression of direct HIF target genes (CA9, GLUT1, and NDRG1), as well as cytokines/chemokines (CCL2, CSF2, CXCL12, and IL6), growth factors (FGF1, FGF2, PDGFb, and TGFA), and apoptosis-resistance genes (BCL2, BCL2L1, and BIRC5). The expression of the genes found in the intact PAs was determined in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts cultured from the PAs. The data showed that human and bovine pulmonary vascular fibroblasts from patients or animals with PH (termed PH-Fibs) were the cell type that exhibited the highest level and the most significant increases in the expression of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors. In addition, we found that human, but not bovine, PH-Fibs exhibit consistent misregulation of HIFα protein stability, reduced HIF1α protein hydroxylation, and increased expression of HIF target genes even in cells grown under normoxic conditions. However, whereas HIF inhibition reduced the expression of direct HIF target genes, it had no impact on other "persistently activated" genes. Thus, our study indicated that HIF inhibition alone is not sufficient to reverse the persistently activated phenotype of human and bovine PH-Fibs.


Assuntos
Hipertensão Pulmonar , Animais , Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Artéria Pulmonar/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular , Hipóxia/complicações , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas
3.
J Cell Physiol ; 237(3): 1639-1647, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34796916

RESUMO

Adipocytes are the key constituents of adipose tissue, and their de-differentiation process has been widely observed in physiological and pathological conditions. For obese people, the promotion of adipocyte de-differentiation or maintenance of an undifferentiated state of adipocytes may help to improve their metabolic condition. Thus, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of adipocyte de-differentiation is necessary for treating metabolic diseases. Attractively, in addition to intracellular signals regulating adipocyte de-differentiation, external factors such as temperature and pressure also affect adipocyte de-differentiation. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the field and discuss the regulatory roles and mechanisms of involved endogenous and exogenous factors during the process of de-differentiation.


Assuntos
Adipócitos , Doenças Metabólicas , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Humanos , Doenças Metabólicas/metabolismo , Obesidade/genética , Obesidade/metabolismo
4.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 62(3): 764-782, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33021403

RESUMO

Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in motor function, respiration, and whole-body energy homeostasis. How to regulate the development and function of skeletal muscle has become a hot research topic for improving lifestyle and extending life span. Numerous transcription factors and nutritional factors have been clarified are closely associated with the regulation of skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. In this article, the roles of different dietary factors including green tea, quercetin, curcumin (CUR), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and resveratrol (RES) in regulating skeletal muscle development, muscle mass, muscle function, and muscle recovery have been summarized and discussed. We also reviewed the potential regulatory molecular mechanism of these factors. Based on the current findings, dietary factors may be used as a potential therapeutic agent to treat skeletal muscle dysfunction as well as its related diseases.


Assuntos
Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico , Desenvolvimento Muscular , Músculo Esquelético , Regeneração
5.
J Cell Physiol ; 236(4): 2276-2289, 2021 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32989814

RESUMO

Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle is observed in several myopathies, is associated with muscular dysfunction, and is strongly correlated with insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, and aging. In animal production, skeletal muscle fat (also known as intermuscular and intramuscular fat) is positively related to meat quality including tenderness, flavor, and juiciness. Thus, understanding the cell origin and regulation mechanism of skeletal muscle fat infiltration is important for developing therapies against human myopathies as well as for improving meat quality. Notably, age, sarcopenia, oxidative stress, injury, and regeneration can activate adipogenic differentiation potential in myoblasts and affect fat accumulation in skeletal muscle. In addition, several transcriptional and nutritional factors can directly induce transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes. In this review, we focused on the recent progress in understanding the muscle-to-adipocyte differentiation and summarized and discussed the genetic, nutritional, and physiological factors that can induce transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes. Moreover, the regulatory roles and mechanisms of these factors during the transdifferentiation process were also discussed.


Assuntos
Adipócitos/metabolismo , Adipogenia , Transdiferenciação Celular , Desenvolvimento Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Mioblastos Esqueléticos/metabolismo , Adipócitos/patologia , Fatores Etários , Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Envelhecimento/patologia , Animais , Composição Corporal , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Mioblastos Esqueléticos/patologia , Estado Nutricional , Estresse Oxidativo , Fenótipo , Transdução de Sinais
6.
J Cell Physiol ; 236(4): 2393-2412, 2021 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32885426

RESUMO

Myokines are muscle-derived cytokines and chemokines that act extensively on organs and exert beneficial metabolic functions in the whole-body through specific signal networks. Myokines as mediators provide the conceptual basis for a whole new paradigm useful for understanding how skeletal muscle communicates with other organs. In this review, we summarize and discuss classes of myokines and their physiological functions in mediating the regulatory roles of skeletal muscle on other organs and the regulation of the whole-body energy metabolism. We review the mechanisms involved in the interaction between skeletal muscle and nonmuscle organs through myokines. Moreover, we clarify the connection between exercise, myokines and disease development, which may contribute to the understanding of a potential mechanism by which physical inactivity affects the process of metabolic diseases via myokines. Based on the current findings, myokines are important factors that mediate the effect of skeletal muscle on other organ functions and whole-body metabolism.


Assuntos
Citocinas/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Comunicação Parácrina , Animais , Humanos , Transdução de Sinais
7.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett ; 30(18): 127406, 2020 09 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32736210

RESUMO

Glucose transporters (GLUTs) facilitate glucose uptake and are overexpressed in most cancer cells. Inhibition of glucose transport has been shown to be an effective method to slow the growth of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. We have previously reported on the anticancer activity of an ester derived glucose uptake inhibitor. Due to the hydrolytic instability of the ester linkage we have prepared a series of isosteres of the ester moiety. Of all of the isosteres prepared, the amine linkage showed the most promise. Several additional analogues of the amine-linked compounds were also prepared to improve the overall activity.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Ésteres/síntese química , Proteínas Facilitadoras de Transporte de Glucose/antagonistas & inibidores , Glucose/metabolismo , Amidas/química , Aminas/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Ésteres/farmacologia , Glicólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Ftálicos/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Sulfonas/química , Sulfóxidos/química
8.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol ; 310(9): G696-704, 2016 05 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26939869

RESUMO

Stromal cells influence epithelial function in both health and disease. Myofibroblasts are abundant stromal cells that influence the cellular microenvironment by release of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, growth factors, proteases, cytokines, and chemokines. Cancer-associated myofibroblasts (CAMs) differ from adjacent tissue (ATMs) and normal tissue myofibroblasts (NTMs), but the basis of this is incompletely understood. We report now the differential expression of miRNAs in gastric cancer CAMs. MicroRNA arrays identified differences in the miRNA profile in gastric and esophageal NTMs and in CAMs from stomach compared with NTMs. miR-181d was upregulated in gastric CAMs. Analysis of differentially regulated miRNAs indicated an involvement in Wnt signaling. Examination of a microarray data set then identified Wnt5a as the only consistently upregulated Wnt ligand in gastric CAMs. Wnt5a stimulated miR-181d expression, and knockdown of miR-181d inhibited Wnt5a stimulation of CAM proliferation and migration. Analysis of miR-181d targets suggested a role in chemotaxis. Conditioned medium from CAMs stimulated gastric cancer cell (AGS) migration more than that from ATMs, and miR-181d knockdown reduced the effect of CAM-CM on AGS cell migration but had no effect on AGS cell responses to ATM conditioned media. The data suggest that dysregulation of miRNA expression in gastric CAMs, secondary to Wnt5a signaling, accounts at least in part for the effect of CAMs in promoting cancer cell migration.


Assuntos
MicroRNAs/genética , Miofibroblastos/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Proliferação de Células , Células Cultivadas , Quimiotaxia , Humanos , Miofibroblastos/fisiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Proteína Wnt-5a/genética , Proteína Wnt-5a/metabolismo
9.
Neurochem Res ; 39(7): 1254-62, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24728904

RESUMO

Naringin is neuroprotective in ischemia and other disease models. However, the effects of naringin are unknown after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study explored the role of naringin for neuroprotection in TBI rats. TBI was performed with the weight drop technique, and naringin was given orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day. The neurological scores, tissue edema, and oxidative stress/inflammation parameters [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as well as interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß)] were measured. Compared to sham controls, TBI rats displayed obvious sensorimotor dysfunction, significant brain edema, and elevated oxidative and inflammatory molecules. Although a 7-day pre-treatment of naringin was unable to reverse these pathological changes, a 14-day continual treatment (7 days before and 7 days after the TBI) attenuated the increases in MDA and nitric oxide; enhanced the activation of superoxide dismutase; depressed the over-activation of iNOS; down-regulated the over-expression of IL-1ß; and reduced the cortex edema. Additionally, the TBI-induced behavioral dysfunction was reduced. These results suggest that naringin treatment can attenuate cellular and histopathological alterations and improve the sensorimotor dysfunction of TBI rats, which may be partly due to the attenuation of oxidative and inflammatory damages.


Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Lesões Encefálicas/metabolismo , Flavanonas/administração & dosagem , Mediadores da Inflamação/antagonistas & inibidores , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Esquema de Medicação , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica/fisiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
iScience ; 27(3): 109221, 2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433917

RESUMO

Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle (also known as myosteatosis) is now recognized as a distinct disease from sarcopenia and is directly related to declining muscle capacity. Hence, understanding the origins and regulatory mechanisms of fat infiltration is vital for maintaining skeletal muscle development and improving human health. In this article, we summarized the triggering factors such as aging, metabolic diseases and metabolic syndromes, nonmetabolic diseases, and muscle injury that all induce fat infiltration in skeletal muscle. We discussed recent advances on the cellular origins of fat infiltration and found several cell types including myogenic cells and non-myogenic cells that contribute to myosteatosis. Furthermore, we reviewed the molecular regulatory mechanism, detection methods, and intervention strategies of fat infiltration in skeletal muscle. Based on the current findings, our review will provide new insight into regulating function and lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle and treating muscle-related diseases.

11.
Sci Data ; 11(1): 290, 2024 Mar 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38472209

RESUMO

Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle is now recognized as a standard feature of aging and is directly related to the decline in muscle function. However, there is still a limited systematic integration and exploration of the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of myosteatosis in aging across species. Here, we re-analyzed bulk RNA-seq datasets to investigate the association between fat infiltration in skeletal muscle and aging. Our integrated analysis of single-nucleus transcriptomics in aged humans and Laiwu pigs with high intramuscular fat content, identified species-preference subclusters and revealed core gene programs associated with myosteatosis. Furthermore, we found that fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) had potential capacity of differentiating into PDE4D+/PDE7B+ preadipocytes across species. Additionally, cell-cell communication analysis revealed that FAPs may be associated with other adipogenic potential clusters via the COL4A2 and COL6A3 pathways. Our study elucidates the correlation mechanism between aging and fat infiltration in skeletal muscle, and these consensus signatures in both humans and pigs may contribute to increasing reproducibility and reliability in future studies involving in the field of muscle research.


Assuntos
Adipogenia , Envelhecimento , Músculo Esquelético , Idoso , Animais , Humanos , Adipogenia/fisiologia , Diferenciação Celular , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Suínos , Conjuntos de Dados como Assunto , RNA-Seq , Transcriptoma , Adipócitos , Células-Tronco
12.
Infect Drug Resist ; 17: 1215-1228, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38562405

RESUMO

Objective: To examine the risk factors linked with occupational blood exposure (OBE) among nursing staff (NS), we pinpoint deficiencies in the compliance with policies of infection prevention and control, and assess the expenditures associated with infection prevention and control. Methods: Healthcare workers that completed an "Occupational Blood Exposure Report Form" were divided into NS (observation) group and non-NS (control) group. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to compare both groups in various aspects. We also explored design patents intended to minimize occupational exposure. Results: The highest incidence of OBE was observed in the department of neurosurgery. Among NS, OBE incidence was found to be influenced by independent risk factors, such as gender, age, occupational title, work location, and incidence of sharps injuries. Protective factors against OBEs included the use of arterial blood gas needles and suture needles. Personal protective equipment (PPE) usage rates were low in both groups prior to OBEs (0.74% vs 0.00%, P > 0.05). Correct emergency management could be improved promptly by both groups following an OBE (P > 0.05). However, the observation group exhibited a higher proportion of blood expression after a sharps injury and a higher re-evaluation rate at 6 months post-exposure compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In 2018, the per capita costs of infection prevention and control for NS were the Chinese Yuan (RMB) 339.43 per individual. In response to these findings, two utility model patents have been authorized. Conclusion: The risk and protective factors related to the occurrence of OBEs were investigated in this study, suggesting that there is a need for improvement in the rate of PPE usage and the re-evaluation rate of OBEs among NS. Additionally, focused training on emergency blood expression and compliance with policies among non-NS personnel is deemed necessary.

13.
Meat Sci ; 210: 109435, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38246121

RESUMO

Leucine is involved in promoting fatty acid oxidation and lipolysis, mediating lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, thus it has been widely used in livestock production. However, the effects of leucine on fat deposition and nutrition in Shaziling pigs remain unclear. A total of 72 Shaziling pigs (150 days old, weight 35.00 ± 1.00 kg) were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed with basal diet (control group) or basal diet containing 1% leucine (leucine group) for 60 days. The results showed that leucine significantly increased the average daily feed intake but decreased the ratio of feed to gain (P < 0.05), increased the loin muscle area and serum glucose content (P < 0.05) of Shaziling pigs. Besides, leucine regulated the re-distribution of fatty acids from adipose tissue to muscle as it significantly increased the contents of C18:1n-9 and C22:6n-3 (DHA) in the longissimus thoracis while decreased the contents of C22:5n-3 (DPA), C20:5n-3 (EPA), and DHA in the adipose tissue of Shaziling pigs (P < 0.05). Lipidomic analysis showed that the contents of phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), cardiolipins (CLs), and phosphatidylglycerols (PGs) in the longissimus thoracis and the contents of lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs), ceramides (Cers), phosphatidylinositols (PIs) in adipose tissue of Shaziling pigs were decreased in leucine group (P < 0.05). Collectively, this study clarified that dietary addition of 1% leucine have a better effect on growth performance and the deposition of beneficial fatty acids in the muscle of Shaziling pigs, which is conductive to the production of high quality and healthy pork. In addition, leucine altered the lipid composition of muscle and fat in Shaziling pigs. The related results provide a theoretical basis and application guidance for regulating fat deposition in Shaziling pigs, which is important for the healthy breeding of Shaziling pigs.


Assuntos
Carne de Porco , Carne Vermelha , Suínos , Animais , Leucina/metabolismo , Leucina/farmacologia , Composição Corporal , Carne Vermelha/análise , Carne de Porco/análise , Dieta/veterinária , Tecido Adiposo/química , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Valor Nutritivo , Ração Animal/análise , Carne/análise
14.
J Affect Disord ; 359: 164-170, 2024 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38768827

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Depression tends to develop in correlation with hypothyroidism, however it's unclear how testosterone traits contribute to this association. We examined the causal association between depression, testosterone traits, and hypothyroidism using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHOD: We conducted univariable and multivariable MR studies using summary-level statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of Hypothyroidism (n = 213,990), broad depression (n = 322,580), probable major depressive disorder (probable MDD) (n = 174,519), and International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 or ICD-10-coded MDD (n = 217,584) from European ancestry. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main MR analysis. RESULTS: In univariate MR analysis, there is a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism and broad depression (P = 0.0074; OR = 1.0066; 95%CI: 1.0018-1.0114) and probable MDD (P = 0.0242; OR = 1.0056; 95%CI: 1.0007-1.0105). In females, there is a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and decreased total testosterone (P < 0.001; OR = 0.9747; 95%CI: 0.9612-0.9885) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels (P = 0.0418; OR = 0.9858; 95%CI: 0.9723-0.9995). In females, there is an inverse causal relationship between total testosterone and broad depression (P = 0.0349; OR = 0.9898; 95%CI: 0.9804-0.9993). Furthermore, in multivariate MR analysis, after adjusting for total testosterone in females, hypothyroidism only has a positive causal relationship with probable MDD, and the relationship with broad depression is no longer significant. Most notably, after adjusting for hypothyroidism, the inverse causal effect of female total testosterone levels on broad depression becomes more significant (P = 0.0154; OR = 0.9878; 95%CI: 0.9780-0.9977). CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism increases the risk of broad depression and probable MDD development. Total Testosterone appears to play an important role in the relationship between hypothyroidism and broad depression in female.


Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo Maior , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Hipotireoidismo , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Testosterona , Humanos , Testosterona/sangue , Feminino , Masculino , Depressão , Globulina de Ligação a Hormônio Sexual/análise , Adulto
15.
Metabolism ; 139: 155379, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36538987

RESUMO

Skeletal muscle plays important roles in normal biological activities and whole-body energy homeostasis in humans. The growth and development of skeletal muscle also directly influence meat production and meat quality in animal production. Therefore, regulating the development and homeostasis of skeletal muscle is crucial for human health and animal production. Adipose tissue, which includes white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), not only functions as an energy reserve but also has attracted substantial attention because of its role as an endocrine organ. The novel signalling molecules known as "adipokines" and "lipokines" that are secreted by adipose tissue were identified through the secretomic technique, which broadened our understanding of the previously unknown crosstalk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In this review, we summarize and discuss the secretory role of adipose tissues, both WAT and BAT, as well as the regulatory roles of various adipokines and lipokines in skeletal muscle development and homeostasis. We suggest that adipokines and lipokines have potential as drug candidates for the treatment of skeletal muscle dysfunction and related metabolic diseases and as promising nutrients for improving animal production.


Assuntos
Adipocinas , Tecido Adiposo , Animais , Humanos , Adipocinas/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo Marrom/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo Branco/metabolismo , Homeostase , Desenvolvimento Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia
16.
J Vestib Res ; 33(3): 203-211, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36776085

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The etiology and mechanism of persistent geotropic horizontal direction-changing positional nystagmus (DCPN) are still unclear. Whether this pattern of nystagmus is a subtype of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to observe the clinical characteristics of persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN involving the lateral semicircular canal. METHODS: The analysis was performed to participants with episodic positional vertigo in our clinic from 2014 to 2021. Participants were included via positional test. We observed and summarized the distribution data, vertigo history, follow-up tests, and recurrence situations of 189 persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN participants. RESULTS: The mean age at the first time showing of persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN was 56±14.7 and more women than men were affected by persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN (female-to-male ratio 2.4 : 1). Overall, 58.7% (57/94) of participants who came for the first-week follow-up test were asymptomatic. Thirty-three participants experienced recurrence (female-to-male ratio: 4.5 : 1). Fifty-three (28.0%) participants experienced the conversion of the patterns of DCPN in the history, the follow-up tests and the recurrence compared to the first showing of persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN. 24(12.1%) participants still experienced persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN attack in the follow-up tests and the recurrences without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo history. CONCLUSION: Persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN affected more women than men. The persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN that with conversion to transient geotropic horizontal DCPN or to persistent apogeotropic horizontal DCPN might be a subtype of BPPV or in a stage of BPPV process. However, the persistent geotropic horizontal DCPN without conversion might be an independent disease that is not related to BPPV.


Assuntos
Vertigem Posicional Paroxística Benigna , Nistagmo Patológico , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Vertigem Posicional Paroxística Benigna/diagnóstico , Nistagmo Patológico/diagnóstico , Nistagmo Fisiológico , Testes de Função Vestibular , Canais Semicirculares
17.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat ; 19: 1901-1910, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37680590

RESUMO

Purpose: Based on the two mediating variables of self-efficacy and coping style, a multiple mediating model was constructed to explore the mechanism by which psychological resilience affects depression in patients with recurrent schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 210 patients with recurrent schizophrenia who were hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Hunan Province, China, were enrolled. The Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), General Self-Efficacy Energy Scale (GSES) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used to evaluate resilience, self-efficacy, coping style and depression. Path analysis was performed by constructing a structural equation model, and the mediating effect between variables was verified by the bias-corrected nonparametric percentile bootstrap method. Results: Resilience, self-efficacy and positive coping together explained 53.2% of the variance in depression. (1) The total scores of self-efficacy, coping style, resilience and depression in patients with recurrent schizophrenia were 2.54±0.61, 31.73±9.62, 58.06±17.26 and 50.48±12.55, respectively. (2) Pearson analysis showed that the scores of self-efficacy, positive coping, resilience and depression were significantly correlated with depression (r=-0.24-0.51, P<0.01). (3) The path analysis showed that resilience directly affects depression (ß=-0.401); additionally, resilience indirectly affects depression through self-efficacy (ß=-0.179) and through the chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and positive coping style (ß=-0.024). Conclusion: There is a high incidence of depression in patients with recurrent schizophrenia in China, and intervention is needed. This research revealed that resilience directly affects depression in patients with recurrent schizophrenia and that self-efficacy and positive coping play a part in mediating resilience and depression in patients with recurrent schizophrenia in China. Implementing targeted interventions based on action paths to improve the level of resilience and reduce the incidence of depression has guiding significance in the field of occupational rehabilitation of patients with recurrent schizophrenia.

18.
J Anim Sci ; 1012023 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37646838

RESUMO

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) have served as a nutritional strategy to reduce fat deposition in adipose tissues of pigs. However, the effects of CLAs on lipid profiles in serum and how these lipid molecules regulate fat deposition are still unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of CLAs on regulating lipid deposition in adipose tissues in terms of lipid molecules and microbiota based on a Heigai pig model. A total of 56 Heigai finishing pigs (body weight: 85.58 ±â€…10.39 kg) were randomly divided into two treatments and fed diets containing 1% soyabean oil or 1% CLAs for 40 d. CLAs reduced fat deposition and affected fatty acids composition in adipose tissues of Heigai pigs via upregulating the expression of the lipolytic gene (hormone-sensitive lipase, HSL) in vivo and in vitro. CLAs also altered the biochemical immune indexes including reduced content of total cholesterol (TChol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and changed lipids profiles including decreased sphingolipids especially ceramides (Cers) and sphingomyelins (SMs) in serum of Heigai pigs. Mechanically, CLAs may decrease peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ (PPARγ) expression and further inhibit adipogenic differentiation in adipose tissues of pigs by suppressing the function of Cers in serum. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis showed HSL expression was positively related to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut (P ≤ 0.05) but the abundance of Cers was negatively related to the production and functions of SCFAs (P ≤ 0.05). CLAs altered the distribution of the lipid in serum and inhibited adipogenic differentiation by suppressing the function of Cers and further decreasing PPARγ expression in adipose tissues of Heigai pigs. Besides, the HSL expression and the abundance of Cers are associated with the production and functions of SCFAs in the gut.


Meat quality is affected by fat deposition and conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) have served as a nutritional strategy to reduce fat deposition in adipose tissues of pigs. We explored the effects of CLAs on lipid profiles in serum and how these lipid molecules regulate fat deposition based on a Heigai pig model. We found CLAs reduced fat deposition in vivo and in vitro and changed lipids profiles in serum including decreased sphingolipids especially cermides (Cers) and sphingomyelins in the serum of Heigai pigs. We also demonstrated CLAs inhibited adipogenic differentiation by suppressing the function of Cers and further decreasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ expression in adipose tissues. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis showed hormone-sensitive lipase expression and the abundance of Cers are related to the production and functions of short-chain fatty acids in the gut. Our findings provide useful insights into the role of CLAs in regulating lipid composition in serum and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and provide a new insight into producing high-quality pork in the pig industry by using nutritional strategies.


Assuntos
Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados , Suínos , Animais , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/farmacologia , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/metabolismo , PPAR gama/genética , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Gordura Subcutânea/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos
19.
J Multidiscip Healthc ; 16: 4091-4097, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38111827

RESUMO

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the qualification rate of hand disinfection in the surgical department wards and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: A surprise assessment was carried out to evaluate the daily adherence to hand hygiene protocols in the surgical department wards. We aimed to investigate the factors that impact the qualification rate of hand disinfection. Results: In this study, the qualification rate of hand disinfection was determined to be 64.38%. Notably, this rate exhibited significant variations based on gender, age, surgical site, and department category. Specifically, the qualification rate of hand disinfection among female participants stood at 82.35%, surpassing the qualification rate observed among male counterparts of 52.83%. Furthermore, doctors in the age group of 41-50 years demonstrated the highest qualification rate, and the abdominal surgical site exhibited the most noteworthy qualification rate, reaching 79.49%. The outcomes of the multiple logistic regression analysis highlighted the significance of age and gender as influential factors impacting the qualification rate. Specifically, doctors aged 51 years or older exhibited the lowest hand hygiene compliance, whereas female doctors demonstrated a notably higher qualification rate compared to their male counterparts. Conclusion: The disheartening qualification rate of hand disinfection highlights a concerning lack of awareness regarding hand hygiene among surgeons in their professional duties. Consequently, targeted interventions are imperative, focusing on intensified training, educational initiatives, enhanced supervision, and internal performance evaluations for key groups. The findings not only serve as a valuable database but also offer a viable roadmap for similar hospitals to reinforce the management of nosocomial infections.

20.
J Anim Sci ; 1012023 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37531568

RESUMO

Melatonin has been reported to play crucial roles in regulating meat quality, improving reproductive properties, and maintaining intestinal health in animal production, but whether it regulates skeletal muscle development in weaned piglet is rarely studied. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin on growth performance, skeletal muscle development, and lipid metabolism in animals by intragastric administration of melatonin solution. Twelve 28-d-old DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups: control group and melatonin group. The results showed that melatonin supplementation for 23 d had no effect on growth performance, but significantly reduced serum glucose content (P < 0.05). Remarkably, melatonin increased longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) weight, eye muscle area and decreased the liver weight in weaned piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers was increased (P < 0.05), while triglyceride levels were decreased in LDM and psoas major muscle by melatonin treatment (P < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing showed melatonin induced the expression of genes related to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and fatty acid oxidation. Enrichment analysis indicated that melatonin regulated cholesterol metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, and mitophagy signaling pathways in muscle. Gene set enrichment analysis also confirmed the effects of melatonin on skeletal muscle development and mitochondrial structure and function. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that melatonin supplementation elevated the gene expression of cell differentiation and muscle fiber development, including paired box 7 (PAX7), myogenin (MYOG), myosin heavy chain (MYHC) IIA and MYHC IIB (P < 0.05), which was accompanied by increased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) expression in LDM (P < 0.05). Additionally, melatonin regulated lipid metabolism and activated mitochondrial function in muscle by increasing the mRNA abundance of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A (COX6A), COX5B, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) and decreasing the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) (P < 0.05). Together, our results suggest that melatonin could promote skeletal muscle growth and muscle fiber hypertrophy, improve mitochondrial function and decrease fat deposition in muscle.


Due to its extensive biological functions, melatonin has been widely used in animal production in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on growth performance, muscle development, and lipid metabolism of weaned piglets. Twelve 28-d-old DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets were randomly divided into two groups: control group and melatonin group. The results showed that melatonin supplementation daily had no effect on growth performance, but increased muscle weight, eye muscle area, and decreased the liver weight in weaned piglets. Consistently, the cross-sectional area of myofiber increased, while triglyceride levels decreased in muscle. Melatonin induced the expression of genes related to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and fatty acid oxidation in muscle through transcriptome sequencing. Additionally, melatonin regulated cholesterol metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, and mitophagy signaling pathways in muscle. Gene set enrichment analysis also confirmed the effects of melatonin on skeletal muscle development and mitochondrial function. Moreover, melatonin supplementation elevated the gene expression of cell differentiation and muscle fiber development. Additionally, melatonin inhibited the mRNA expression related to fat synthesis while improved mitochondrial function in muscle. Together, our results suggest melatonin could promote skeletal muscle growth and muscle fiber hypertrophy, enhance mitochondrial function and decrease fat deposition in muscle.


Assuntos
Melatonina , Doenças dos Suínos , Animais , Suínos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Melatonina/farmacologia , Melatonina/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/fisiologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Suplementos Nutricionais , Hipertrofia/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/metabolismo
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