RESUMO
We examined the prevalence of novel acronyms in the titles of anaesthetic and related studies and the response of anaesthetists to them. We separately analysed trainee-led research projects in the UK supported by the Research and Audit Federation of Trainees (RAFT), and a 10-year cohort of papers identified using the PubMed literature search tool. We also conducted a survey of 20 anaesthetists within our institution regarding the utility and impact of titles containing acronyms, and their recall of the associated topics. Finally, we developed a scoring system for acronym accuracy and complexity, the ORigin of AcroNym letterinG Used Term AppropriateNess (ORANGUTAN) score, and measured the progression of acronym usage over the 10-year period studied. Our results show that while acronyms themselves are sometimes considered memorable, they do not aid recall of topics and are, in general, not considered helpful. There has been an increase in the prevalence of acronymic titles over 10 years, and in the complexity of acronyms used, suggesting that there is currently a selective pressure favouring the use of acronyms even if they are of limited benefit.
Assuntos
Abreviaturas como Assunto , Anestesiologia/métodos , Anestésicos/farmacologia , Anestesiologia/educação , Estudos de Coortes , Humanos , Internato e Residência/métodos , Rememoração Mental , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
In the absence of nationally representative data on the prevalence of disability among children, a special analysis of relevant data in the General Household Survey (GHS) was carried out. A long-standing illness, disability or infirmity was present in 7.6% of the children under 16 in the 1974 sample of the GHS. An assessment of the extent to which the children were disabled resulted in 10% of the children being classified as severe, 29% as moderate, and 61% as mild. About half of the children classified as severe had a congenital anomaly or suffered from a mental disorder. Prevalence rates for specific conditions were compared with those obtained in other studies. Compared with all children in the survey, significantly more of the severely and moderately disabled children were boys than girls, and significantly more came from the skilled manual socioeconomic groups. The proportion of lone parent families was not significantly different from that in the overall sample.
Assuntos
Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Pessoas com Deficiência , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença/classificação , Educação Inclusiva , Características da Família , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Classe Social , Reino UnidoRESUMO
Data from the General Household Survey were employed to compare the participation rates, hours worked, earnings, and net incomes of families with and without a disabled child. In families with a disabled child it was found that the spouse was significantly more likely to work the more children there were in the family and that income, and income as a proportion of supplementary benefit entitlement, was lower.
Assuntos
Pessoas com Deficiência , Família , Renda , Criança , Características da Família , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Previdência Social , Medicina Estatal , Reino Unido , TrabalhoRESUMO
Infant mortality rates vary from area to area. Part of this variation is due to the socioeconomic characteristics of the area and part to other factors including the obstetric, paediatric, and community health services. Four social indicators associated with infant deaths are used to control for some of the variations in socioeconomic characteristics and residual variation is then examined. The four social indicators are the level of unemployment, the proportion of large families, the proportion of lone-parent families, and the level of overcrowding.