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BACKGROUND: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing. At present, there is no specific therapy available. An exacerbated IFN-I response and cytokine storm are related to the mortality of patients with SFTS. Ruxolitinib is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor that can block proinflammatory cytokines and inhibit the type I IFN pathway. We aimed to explore the use of ruxolitinib plus standard of care for severe SFTS. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, single-arm study of severe SFTS. We recruited participants aged 18 years or older who were admitted to the hospital with laboratory-confirmed severe SFTS and whose clinical score exceeded 8 points within 6 days of symptom onset. Participants received oral ruxolitinib (10 mg twice a day) for up to 10 days. The primary endpoint was 28-day overall survival. The secondary endpoints included the proportion of participants who needed intensive care unit (ICU) admission, total cost, changes in neurologic symptoms and clinical laboratory parameters, and adverse events (AEs) within 28 days. A historical control group (HC group, n = 26) who met the upper criteria for inclusion and hospitalized from April 1, 2021, to September 16, 2022, was selected and 1:1 matched for baseline characteristics by propensity score matching. RESULTS: Between Sep 16, 2022, and Sep 16, 2023, 26 participants were recruited into the ruxolitinib treatment group (RUX group). The 28-day overall mortality was 7.7% in the RUX group and 46.2% in the HC group (P = 0.0017). There was a significantly lower proportion of ICU admissions (15.4% vs 65.4%, p < 0.001) and total hospitalization cost in the RUX group. Substantial improvements in neurologic symptoms, platelet counts, hyperferritinemia, and an absolute decrease in the serum SFTS viral load were observed in all surviving participants. Treatment-related adverse events were developed in 6 patients (23.2%) and worsened in 8 patients (30.8%), and no treatment-related serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that ruxolitinib has the potential to increase the likelihood of survival as well as reduce the proportion of ICU hospitalization and being tolerated in severe SFTS. Further trials are needed. TRAIL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR2200063759, September 16, 2022.
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Nitrilas , Pirazóis , Pirimidinas , Febre Grave com Síndrome de Trombocitopenia , Humanos , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Nitrilas/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Feminino , Pirimidinas/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Idoso , Febre Grave com Síndrome de Trombocitopenia/tratamento farmacológico , Padrão de Cuidado , Adulto , Hospitalização , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Talaromyces marneffei is endemic to eastern India, Southeast Asia, and Guangdong and Guangxi provinces in China. It is common in immunocompromised individuals, especially in HIV-infected patients. CASE PRESENTATION: A 66-year-old male who had a history of hypertension and resided in Shandong Province (Northern China) was admitted for recurrent fever for one month. The patient had recurrent fever, multiple lymphadenopathies, hepatosplenomegaly, a back rash, and a progressive decrease in white blood cells and platelets. Talaromyces marneffei was isolated from peripheral blood and bone marrow after admission, and suspected fungal cells were found via lymph node pathology. The patient's infection secondary to haemophagocytic syndrome continued to worsen despite antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and symptomatic treatment, leading to death due to multiple-organ failure. CONCLUSION: Although rare, infection due to Talaromyces marneffei in HIV-negative patients has been increasing in recent years, and we should be vigilant about "new" infections in nonendemic areas.
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Infecções por HIV , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/complicações , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/diagnóstico , ChinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Timely and accurate identification of pathogens is crucial for appropriate treatment and prognosis of infectious diseases. As an increasingly popular pathogen detection method, the performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in detecting pathogens in febrile patients with suspected infection requires further exploration. METHODS: This study included 368 febrile patients with suspected infections who were admitted to the Infectious Disease Department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University between January 5, 2021 and April 14, 2023. Both mNGS testing and conventional culture were performed in all patients. Clinical data of enrolled patients were collected, and the diagnostic performances of mNGS and culture were compared. RESULTS: Of the 368 enrolled patients, 231 were finally diagnosed with infection and 137 were with diseases other than infection. The sensitivity (58.01% vs. 21.65%, p < 0.001) and negative predictive value (54.67% vs. 42.9%) of mNGS were superior to those of culture. In contrast, the culture exhibited higher specificity (99.27% vs. 85.40%, p < 0.001) and positive predictive value (98.84% vs. 87.01%) than mNGS. Among infected patients with positive mNGS results, 64 received adjusted antibiotic therapy including treatment transitions, antibiotic downgrading, and combination therapy. Among them, 9 had additional antifungal drugs and 21 patients had a treatment turning point based on the mNGS results and these patients recovered and discharged due to timely antibiotic adjustment. Both positive rates of puncture fluid mNGS and tissue mNGS were higher than those of culture in the patients who had prior antibiotic use, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: mNGS is more sensitive and accurate than traditional culture, making it ideal for identifying pathogens and screening infectious diseases, especially for those with uncultivated or difficult-to-cultivate species. Early diagnosis allows for prompt treatment with targeted antibiotics, and mNGS is recommended when samples are limited.
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Doenças Transmissíveis , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Antibacterianos , Antifúngicos , Terapia Combinada , Febre , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hepatolithiasis is a complex condition that poses challenges and difficulties in surgical treatment. Three-dimensional visualization technology combined with fluorescence imaging (3DVT-FI) enables accurate preoperative assessment and real-time intraoperative navigation. However, the perioperative outcomes of 3DVT-FI in hepatolithiasis have not been reported. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of 3DVT-FI in the treatment of hepatolithiasis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 128 patients who underwent hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, between January 2017 and December 2022. Among them, 50 patients underwent hepatectomy using 3DVT-FI (3DVT-FI group), while 78 patients underwent conventional hepatectomy without 3DVT-FI (CH group). The operative data, postoperative liver function indices, complication rates and stone residue were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in preoperative baseline data between the two groups (p > 0.05). Compared with the CH group, the 3DVT-FI group exhibited lower intraoperative blood loss (140.00 ± 112.12 vs. 225.99 ± 186.50 mL, p = 0.001), and a lower intraoperative transfusion rate (8.0% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.027). The overall incidence of postoperative complications did not differ significantly (22.0% vs. 35.9%, p = 0.096). The 3DVT-FI group was associated with a lower immediate residual stone rate (16.0% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.021). There were no perioperative deaths in the 3DVT-FI group, while one perioperative death occurred in the CH group. CONCLUSIONS: The 3DVT-FI may offer significant benefits in terms of surgical safety, reduced intraoperative bleeding and decreased stone residue during hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis.
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Hepatectomia , Imageamento Tridimensional , Verde de Indocianina , Hepatopatias , Imagem Óptica , Humanos , Hepatectomia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imagem Óptica/métodos , Hepatopatias/cirurgia , Hepatopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Idoso , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodosRESUMO
Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient element in human physiological metabolism and immune function. Supplementation of bioavailable Se will confer benefit on human life, especially when intake of this nutrient is inadequate. The edible and medicinal mushroom Antrodia camphorata is a unique fungus endemic to Taiwan, which has shown high therapeutic and nutritive value. This study is the first to demonstrate that A. camphorata can assimilate and transform sodium selenite into organic selenium. With an initial concentration of Se (IV) at 10 mg/L in 100 mL of the medium at 25 °C, the total selenium content in Se-enriched A. camphorata mycelia was 1281.3 ± 79.2 µg/g, in which the organic selenium content accounted for 88.1%. Further analysis demonstrated that selenium-enriched polysaccharide was the main form of Se present in A. camphorata (61.5% of the organic selenium). Four water-soluble Se-polysaccharide fractions were separated from A. camphorata, and ACP II was the major fraction of Se-polysaccharide. The scavenging efficiency of Se-polysaccharides on DPPH and ABTS radicals was determined, proving that selenium enrichment dramatically improved the in vitro antioxidant capacity of A. camphorata polysaccharide. Therefore, the selenium accumulation and transformation ability of A. camphorata provides an opportunity for developing this beneficent fungus into a novel selenium-enriched dietary or medicinal supplement.
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Agaricales , Antrodia , Selênio , Humanos , Selênio/metabolismo , Fermentação , Polissacarídeos/química , Antrodia/químicaRESUMO
Lysozymes are hydrolytic enzymes characterized by their ability to cleave the ß-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds in peptidoglycan, a major structural component of the bacterial cell wall. This hydrolysis action compromises the integrity of the cell wall, causing the lysis of bacteria. For more than 80 years, its role of antibacterial defense in animals has been renowned, and it is also used as a preservative in foods and pharmaceuticals. In order to improve the antimicrobial efficacy of lysozyme, extensive research has been intended for its modifications. This manuscript reviews the natural antibiotic compound lysozyme with reference to its catalytic and non-catalytic mode of antibacterial action, lysozyme types, susceptibility and resistance of bacteria, modification of lysozyme molecules, and its applications in the food industry.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Muramidase , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antivirais , Bactérias/metabolismo , Indústria Alimentícia , Muramidase/química , Peptidoglicano/metabolismo , Preparações FarmacêuticasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to present a novel bile-duct obstructed area imaging (BOAI) and to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of this method in guiding hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) with intrahepatic biliary obstruction. METHODS: From May 2017 to October 2019, eligible patients who underwent hepatectomy guided by BOAI were enrolled. Perioperative outcomes and operative data were analyzed. To assess the feasibility of BOAI and Glissonean pedicle approach, demarcations based on them were compared. To verify the accuracy of BOAI staining of the target territory, simple linear regression analysis, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to examine the relationship between predicted resected liver volume (PRLV) and actual resected liver volume (ARLV). RESULTS: BOAI staining achieved valid demarcation in 15 (93.8%) of 16 patients, whereas the ischemic line achieved valid demarcation in only nine patients (57.3%; p = .017). ARLV and PRLV had a strong positive correlation (PRLV = 60.06 + 0.925 × ARLV; R = .945; p = .000). Meanwhile, ARLV (intraclass correlation coefficient = .971) achieved an excellent agreement with PRLV (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The novel BOAI staining method can provide valid, feasible, and accurate demarcation line and may be an effective method in the surgical treatment of intrahepatic biliary obstruction.
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Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/cirurgia , Colangiocarcinoma/cirurgia , Colestase/cirurgia , Corantes/química , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Hepatectomia/métodos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/patologia , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Colangiocarcinoma/patologia , Colestase/diagnóstico por imagem , Colestase/patologia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Fluorescência , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PrognósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Understanding the internal anatomy of the liver remains a major challenge in anatomical liver resection. Although virtual hepatectomy and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging techniques have been widely used in hepatobiliary surgery, limitations in their application for real-time navigation persist. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility and clinical utility of the novel laparoscopic hepatectomy navigation system (LHNS), which fuses preoperative three-dimensional (3D) models with ICG fluorescence imaging to achieve real-time surgical navigation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of clinical outcome for 64 patients who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy from January 2018 to December 2018, including 30 patients who underwent the procedure using the LHNS (LHNS group) and 34 patients who underwent the procedure without LHNS guidance (Non-LHNS group). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in preoperative characteristics between the two groups. The LHNS group had a significantly less blood loss (285.0 ± 163.0 mL vs. 391.1 ± 242.0 mL; P = 0.047), less intraoperative blood transfusion rate (13.3% vs. 38.2%; P = 0.045), and shorter postoperative hospital stay (7.8 ± 2.1 days vs. 10.6 ± 3.8 days; P < 0.001) than the Non-LHNS group. There was no statistical difference in operative time and the overall complication rate between the two groups. The liver transection line was clearly delineated by the LHNS in 27 patients; however, the projection of boundary was unclear in 2 cases, and in 1 case, the boundary was not clearly displayed by ICG fluorescence imaging. CONCLUSIONS: We developed the LHNS to address limitations of current intraoperative imaging systems. The LHNS is hopefully to become a promising real-time navigation system for laparoscopic hepatectomy.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Hepatectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Imagem Óptica/métodos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Sistemas de Navegação Cirúrgica , Adulto , Idoso , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Transfusão de Sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Fluorescência , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Verde de Indocianina/uso terapêutico , Tempo de Internação , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: With the improvement in diagnostic imaging, perioperative care and surgical technique, the indications and complexity of liver resections have developed. However, the surgical indications remain controversial especially for some complex or advanced hepatocellular carcinomas. This study was designed to evaluate the concordance between hepatectomy recommendations proposed by Watson for Oncology, a cognitive technology providing decision support, and those determined by surgeons in our center for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 243 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were recommended for surgical treatment and received hepatectomy between 2008 and 2016 at the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Watson for Oncology classified the treatment options into three categories: recommended, for consideration and not recommended. Treatment recommendations were considered concordant if the hepatectomy recommendations were designated "recommended" or "for consideration" by Watson for Oncology. The factors potentially affecting concordance rate were also analyzed in our study. RESULTS: The hepatectomy recommendations of 174 patients were concordant. There were significant differences in the coincidence rate between concordant group and discordant group considering tumor numbers (P = 0.006), extension of hepatectomy (P = 0.009) and BCLC staging system (P < 0.001). Lower degrees of concordance were observed in patients with multiple tumors, major hepatectomy and portal hypertension by using logistic regression analysis (OR = 0.309, P = 0.004; OR = 0.384, P = 0.004; and OR = 0.376, P = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSION: The concordance between Watson for Oncology and surgeons' hepatectomy recommendation for hepatocellular carcinoma was only 72%. Differences in practice patterns for HCC between the USA (where Watson for Oncology was calibrated) and China may be the major cause of discordance. Watson for Oncology still requires further improvement and localization to be widely applied in China.
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Inteligência Artificial , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Sistemas de Apoio a Decisões Clínicas , Hepatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Oncologia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A short self-assembly peptide A6K (H2N-AAAAAAK-OH) with unmodified N- and C-terminus was designed, and the charge distribution model of this short peptide at different pH was established by computer simulation. The pH of the solution was adjusted according to the model and the corresponding self-assembled structure was observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). As the pH changes, the peptide will assemble into blocks or nanoribbons, which indicates that the A6K peptide is a pH-responsive peptide. Circular dichroism (CD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that the block structure was formed by random coils, while the increase in ß-turn content contributes to the formation of intact nanoribbons. A reasonable explanation of the self-assembling structure was made according to the electrostatic distribution model and the effect of electrostatic interaction on self-assembly was investigated. This study laid the foundation for further design of nanomaterials based on pH-responsive peptides.
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Oligopeptídeos/química , Dicroísmo Circular , Simulação por Computador , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Peptídeos/química , Eletricidade EstáticaRESUMO
A series of novel 2,3- or 2,5-dispirooxindole-piperazine ring systems were efficiently constructed through the acid-promoted self-1,3-dipolar [3+3] cyclizations of azomethine ylides derived from isatin with various primary or cyclic secondary amines. Interestingly, the regioselectivity of this self-[3+3] cyclization could be effectively tuned by varying the structural features of substrates. The unprecedented 2,5-dispirooxindole-piperazine skeleton was achieved in good diastereoselectivity by employing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, while using pyrrolidine or glycine methyl ester furnished the 2,3-dispirooxindole-piperazine scaffold in excellent diastereoselectivity (only a single isomer formed).
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Pancreatitis caused by a fish bone penetrating the posterior wall of the stomach and entering the pancreas is rare. We herein report a case involving a woman in her late 30s with an approximately 1-month history of recurrent upper abdominal pain. Initial evaluation at another hospital failed to identify the cause but raised suspicion of pancreatic cancer. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and a detailed consultation led us to suspect that the patient's pain had been caused by inadvertent ingestion of a fish bone. We used three-dimensional visualization technology to determine the location of the fish bone and informed the patient of the lesion and surgical plan through a simulated surgical demonstration. During surgery, we applied augmented reality navigation technology to remove the fish bone by a minimally invasive approach. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 3. She was followed up by telephone 24 hours after discharge. Outpatient follow-up was performed 1 week after discharge and on day 30. The patient recovered well and developed no complications. This case shows that digital medical technology can be applied in patients undergoing surgical removal of a pancreatic foreign body. Such technology assists with preoperative evaluation, patient education, and intraoperative trauma reduction.
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Corpos Estranhos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Pâncreas , Humanos , Feminino , Pâncreas/cirurgia , Pâncreas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Corpos Estranhos/cirurgia , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico por imagem , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Imageamento Tridimensional , Imageamento por Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
What is already known about this topic?: Brucellosis of the central nervous system (CNS) is rare and frequently fatal, often being overlooked or misdiagnosed. What is added by this report?: In April 2023, the Jinan CDC identified a case of CNS brucellosis in a 54-year-old woman through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture. Upon confirming the diagnosis of brucellosis, the Jinan CDC immediately informed Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, to which the patient had been transferred, and she was subsequently tracked and successfully treated. What are the implications for public health practice?: The successful outcome can be attributed to the effective integration of a system that facilitated coordinated and collaborative actions between public health services and clinical institutions.
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This study is an extension of our previous studies in which the lysozyme was isolated and purified from Bacillus subtilis BSN314 (Naveed et al., 2022; Naveed et al., 2023). In this study, the lysozyme genes were cloned into the E. coli BL21. For the expression of lysozyme in E. coli BL21, two target genes, Lyz-1 and Lyz-2, were ligated into the modified vector pET28a to generate pET28a-Lyz1 and pET28a-Lyz2, respectively. To increase the production rate of the enzyme, 0.5-mM concentration of IPTG was added to the culture media and incubated at 37 °C and 220 rpm for 24 h. Lyz1 was identified as N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and Lyz2 as D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase. They were purified by multi-step methodology (ammonium sulfate, precipitation, dialysis, and ultrafiltration), and antimicrobial activity was determined. For Lyz1, the lowest MIC/MBC (0.25 µg/mL; with highest ZOI = 22 mm) were recorded against Micrococcus luteus, whereas the highest MIC/MBC with lowest ZOI were measured against Salmonella typhimurium (2.50 µg /mL; with ZOI = 10 mm). As compared with Aspergillus oryzae (MIC/MFC; 3.00 µg/mL), a higher concentration of lysozyme was required to control the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MIC/MFC; 50 µg/mL). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze the disintegrating effect of Lyz1 on the cells of selected Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and yeast. The AFM results showed that, as compared to Gram-negative bacteria, a lower concentration of lysozyme (Lyz1) was required to disintegrate the cell of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Muramidase , Muramidase/genética , Muramidase/farmacologia , Muramidase/metabolismo , Escherichia coli , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Bacillus subtilis/genéticaRESUMO
Hypoxia, a prominent hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), undermines curative outcomes, elevates recurrence rates, and fosters metastasis, particularly during photodynamic therapy (PDT) in clinical settings. Studies indicate that alleviating tumor hypoxia enhances PDT efficacy. However, persistent challenges, including suboptimal oxygen delivery efficiency and absence of real-time feedback on blood oxygen fluctuations during PDT, considerably impede therapeutic efficacy in tumor treatment. This study addresses these issues using near-infrared-II (NIR-II) photoacoustic (PA) imaging for tumor-targeted oxygen delivery and controlled release. For this purpose, a biomimetic oxygen delivery system designated BLICP@O2 is developed, which utilizes hybrid tumor cell membranes and thermosensitive liposomes as oxygen carriers, incorporating the NIR-II dye IR1048, photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6), and perfluorohexane. Upon sequential irradiation at 1064 and 690 nm, BLICP@O2 exhibits significant photothermal and photodynamic effects. Photothermal heating triggers oxygen release, enhancing the photodynamic effect of Ce6. Blood oxygen changes during PDT are tracked by multispectral PA imaging. Enhanced PDT efficacy, mediated by hypoxia relief, is convincingly demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. This work presents an imaging-guided, dual-wavelength programmed cascaded treatment strategy for tumor-targeted oxygen delivery and controlled release, with real-time efficacy monitoring using PA imaging, offering valuable insights for overcoming challenges in PDT-based cancer therapy.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Nanopartículas , Técnicas Fotoacústicas , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/uso terapêutico , Oxigênio , HipóxiaRESUMO
Integrin Alpha v Beta 6 is expressed primarily in solid epithelial tumors, such as cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. It has been considered a potential and promising molecular marker for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma share genetic, histological, and pathophysiological similarities due to the shared embryonic origin of the bile duct and pancreas. These cancers share numerous clinicopathological characteristics, including growth pattern, poor response to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and poor prognosis. This review focuses on the role of integrin Alpha v Beta 6 in cancer progression. It addition, it reviews how the marker can be used in molecular imaging and therapeutic targets. We propose further research explorations and questions that need to be addressed. We conclude that integrin Alpha v Beta 6 may serve as a potential biomarker for cancer disease progression and prognosis.
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Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático , Colangiocarcinoma , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Humanos , Integrina alfaV , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Colangiocarcinoma/terapia , Colangiocarcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/terapia , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/patologia , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/patologia , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/terapia , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/patologiaRESUMO
China is not considered as an endemic area of Rickettsia conorii, so there is no routine clinical way to diagnose this infection. This study aims to determine whether 2 febrile patients who had a tick bite in East China were indeed infected with R. conorii. The citrate synthase gene (gltA) was amplified with universal rickettsial primers by real-time fluorescent PCR from the patients' blood samples. Nested PCR was used to amplify the outer membrane protein A gene (ompA) for positive specimens. PCR products were further identified and analyzed through nucleic acid sequencing. Positive amplification of the gltA and ompA genes was found in both patients. The nucleotide sequences (303 bp) of the ompA gene of the 2 patients had high homology (99%) with the R. conorii Indian tick typhus strain in GenBank. A more than 4-fold increase in IgG against R. conorii provided supportive evidence of SFG Rickettsia infection. And the rapid recovery after doxycycline treatment also supported a rickettsial cause for the disease. Physicians in East China should be aware of human infections with R. conorii. PCR-based diagnostic methods offer a rapid and precise way to diagnose rickettsiosis, improving patient identification and management.
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BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the standard agglutination test (SAT), the Brucellacapt test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in clinical specimens collected from patients with suspected brucellosis. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from December 2020 to December 2021. Brucellosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical evidence, and confirmed by isolation of Brucella or a four-fold rise in SAT titer. All samples were tested by the SAT, ELISA and the Brucellacapt test. Titers ≥1:100 were considered as SAT positive; ELISA was considered positive when an index greater than 11 was detected, while titers ≥1/160 indicated positivity on the Brucellacapt test. The specificity, sensitivity, and positive (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs) of the three different methods were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 149 samples were collected from patients with suspected brucellosis. The sensitivities for the SAT, IgG, and IgM detection were 74.42%, 88.37% and 74.42%, respectively. The specificities were 95.24%, 93.65%, and 88.89%, respectively. The simultaneous measurement of IgG and IgM improved the sensitivity (98.84%) but reduced the specificity (84.13%) compared to each antibody test separately. The Brucellacapt test had excellent specificity (100%) and a high PPV (100%); however, the sensitivity and NPV were 88.37% and 86.30%, respectively. The combination of IgG detection by ELISA and the Brucellacapt test had excellent diagnostic performance, with 98.84% sensitivity and 93.65% specificity. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the simultaneous performance of IgG detection by ELISA and the Brucellacapt test has the potential to overcome the current limitations of detection.
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Anticorpos Antibacterianos , Brucelose , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Testes de Aglutinação/métodos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Imunoglobulina G , Imunoglobulina M , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic hepatectomy for centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma is challenging to perform. Augmented reality navigation (ARN) and fluorescence imaging are currently safe and reproducible techniques for hepatectomy, but the efficacy results for centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma have not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ARN system combined with fluorescence imaging (ARN-FI) in laparoscopic hepatectomy for centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN: This was a post hoc analysis of an original nonrandomized clinical trial that was designed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of ARN-FI for laparoscopic liver resection. A total of 76 patients were consecutively enrolled from June 2018 to June 2021, of which 42 underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy using ARN-FI (ARN-FI group), and the other 34 who did not use ARN-FI guidance (non-ARN-FI group). Perioperative outcomes and disease-free survival were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the non-ARN-FI group, the ARN-FI group had less intraoperative blood loss (median 275 vs 300 mL, p = 0.013), lower intraoperative transfusion rate (14.3% vs 64.7%, p < 0.01), shorter postoperative hospital stay (median 8 vs 9 days, p = 0.005), and lower postoperative complication rate (35.7% vs 61.8%, p = 0.024). There was no death in the perioperative period and follow-up period. There was no significant difference in overall disease-free survival between the 2 groups (p = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS: The ARN system and fluorescence imaging may be of value in improving the success rate of surgery, reducing postoperative complications, accelerating postoperative recovery, and shortening postoperative hospital stay.
Assuntos
Realidade Aumentada , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Laparoscopia , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Hepatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Verde de Indocianina , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Estudos Retrospectivos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Tempo de InternaçãoRESUMO
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with high mortality. A 73-year-old woman presented to the hospital with fever after being bitten by ticks and was diagnosed with SFTS. Three days after treatment with high-flow oxygen and supportive therapy, her condition deteriorated to septic shock and multiple organ failure. Ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, was used for the treatment of cytokine release syndrome, and the patient finally recovered. Ruxolitinib and other host-based immunomodulatory drugs may be potential treatments for fatal SFTS.