Association between dietary folate intake and severe headache among adults in the USA: a cross-sectional survey.

Folate, also known as vitamin B9, is a water-soluble vitamin. Previous studies on dietary folate intake in severe headache patients were equivocal. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to elucidate the relationship between folate intake and severe headache. This cross-sectional study used data from participants over 20 years old who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2004. The diagnosis of severe headache was made through participants' self-report in the NHANES questionnaire section. We performed multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression to explore the relationship between folate intake and severe headache. A total of 9859 participants took part in the study, 1965 of whom were severe headache patients and the rest were non-severe headache. We found that dietary folate intake was significantly and inversely associated with severe headache. Compared with participants with lower folate intake Q1 (≤ 229·97 ug/d), the adjusted OR values for dietary folate intake and severe headache in Q2 (229·98-337 ug/d), Q3 (337·01-485 ug/d) and Q4 (≥ 485·01 ug/d) were 0·81 (95 % CI: 0·67, 0·98, P = 0·03), 0·93 (95 % CI: 0·77, 1·12, P = 0·41) and 0·63 (95 % CI: 0·49, 0·80, P < 0·001), respectively. For women aged 20-50 years, there was a non-linear association between folate intake and severe headache in the RCS. Women aged 20-50 years should have higher awareness of dietary folate and increase their dietary intake of folate, which may aid in preventing severe headache.

Interaction between diabetes and body mass index on severe headache or migraine in adults: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Research on the effects of body mass index (BMI) on severe headache or migraine is limited and controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the association between BMI and the prevalence of migraine, with particular interest in diabetes status difference. METHODS: The present study used analyzed data from people who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2004. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were applied to investigate the relationship between body mass index and migraine. RESULTS: A total of 10,074 adults aged 20 years or older were included in this study. Body mass index was positively related to migraine, and the corresponding odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) was 1.02 (1.01, 1.03; p < 0.001). And compared to participants in the lowest group of body mass index (< 25 kg/m2), the adjusted ORs for migraine in medium group (25-29.9 kg/m2), and highest group (≥ 30 kg/m2) were 1.14 (95% CI: 0.98-1.32, p = 0.09) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.11-1.52, p = 0.0022), respectively. The relationship between BMI and migraine exhibited a linear in overall in the RCS. Our findings also suggested an interaction between BMI and diabetes. The relationship between BMI and migraine in adults with diabetes was non-linear. The OR of developing migraine was 1.30 (95% CI: 1.10-1.54) in individuals with BMI ≥ 29.71 kg/m2 in adults with diabetes. CONCLUSION: A higher body mass index is significantly associated with an increased prevalence of migraine, and diabetes status can modify the association between them.

Dietary zinc intake in relation to migraine among adults: a cross sectional study of NHANES 1999-2004.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have revealed that an antioxidant diet is a protective factor against migraine. However, the association between zinc, an important antioxidant obtained from the diet, and migraine has received little attention. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between zinc intake with migraine. METHODS: The present study used cross-sectional data from individuals who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2004. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were performed to explore the association between zinc intake and migraine. RESULTS: A total of 9849 adults aged 20 years or older were included in this study. Zinc intake was negatively associated with migraine. Compared to participants in the lowest group of dietary zinc intake Q1 (≤5.93 mg/day), the adjusted ORs for migraine in Q2 (5.94-8.38 mg/day), Q3 (8.39-11.26 mg/day), Q4 (11.27-15.75 mg/day), and Q5 (≥15.76 mg/day) were 0.73 (95% CI: 0.60-0.89, p = 0.004), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.55-0.95, p = 0.02), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.58-0.99, p = 0.04) and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.50-1.05, p = 0.08), respectively. Our findings also suggested an interaction between zinc intake and age (P for interaction = 0.007). Additionally, the relationship between zinc intake and migraine in adults with 20-50 years was non-linear. CONCLUSIONS: A higher zinc intake is significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of migraine, and age can modify the association between them.

Dietary niacin intake in relation to depression among adults: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that an antioxidant diet is a protective factor against depression. However, the association between niacin, an important antioxidant consumed from the diet, and depression has received little attention. Therefore, we explored the association between niacin intake and depression through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016. METHODS: Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, score ≥ 10). Niacin intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recall interviews. The relationship of niacin intake with depression among adults in US was assessed by using a weighted multiple logistic regression model with subgroup analysis. Non-linear associations were explored using restricted cubic spline models. And we used a two-piece-wise logistic regression model with smoothing to explore the threshold for association between them. RESULTS: A total of 16,098 adults were included in this study. Compared with individuals with lowest niacin intake Q1 (≤ 15.96 mg/day), the adjusted OR values for dietary niacin intake and depression in Q2 (15.97-22.86 mg/day), Q3 (22.87-32.28 mg/day) and Q4 (≥ 32.29 mg/day), were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.70-1.20), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.56-0.99,) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.48-0.98), respectively. The results were not modified by sex, by age and by BMI. Furthermore, the relationship between dietary niacin intake and depression exhibited a U-shaped curve (nonlinear, p < 0.001). And depression risk was lowest when dietary consumption of niacin was around 36 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS: In present study, moderate niacin intake, but not high intake, was associated with lower odds of depression suggesting a U-shaped association.

Identification of autophagy-related genes in neuropathic pain through bioinformatic analysis.

BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain (NP) is one of the most common types of chronic pain and significantly compromises the quality of life. Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process that is required to maintain cellular homeostasis in response to various stresses. The role of autophagy-related genes in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropathic pain remains unclear. METHODS: We identified autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (ARDEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in neuropathic pain by bioinformatics analysis of the GSE145226 and GSE145199 datasets. These ARDEGs and their co-expressed genes were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and friends analysis. Meanwhile, we constructed TFs-ARDEGs, miRNA-ARDEGs regulatory network through ChIPBase database and the HTFtarget database, multiMir R package. Finally, we performed immune infiltration analysis of ARDEGs by Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). RESULTS: We identified 2 potential autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (Sirt2 and ST7) that may be closely associated with the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. GO, KEGG and GSEA analysis revealed that these two ARDEGs were mainly enriched in pyridine nucleotide metabolic process, nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process, Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, NF-κB pathway, KRAS signaling, P53 pathway. In the TFs-ARDEGs and miRNA-ARDEGs regulatory network, miR-140-5p and Cebpb were predicted to be as crucial regulators in the progression of NP. For the ssGSEA results, Sirt2 was positively correlated with Eosinophil and Effector memory CD8+ T cell infiltration, which suggested that it may be involved in the regulation of neuroimmune-related signaling. CONCLUSION: Two autophagy-related differentially expressed genes, especially Sirt2, may be potential biomarkers for NP, providing more evidence about the crucial role of autophagy in neuropathic pain.

Correction: Shao et al. AKT Axis, miR-21, and RECK Play Pivotal Roles in Dihydroartemisinin Killing Malignant Glioma Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 350.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...].

Amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress are associated with post-stroke depression: a metabonomics study.

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a mood disorder characterized by depression and anhedonia caused by stroke. Metabolomics identified metabolites associated with PSD, but previous studies are based on gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry (MS). This study aimed to perform a liquid chromatography (LC)-MS-based metabolomics study of the plasma metabolite profiles between patients with PSD and controls. METHODS: This was a prospective study of patients with stroke enrolled between July and December 2017 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Patients were grouped as Hamilton Depression Rating Scale > 7 (PSD) or < 7 (controls). Metabonomics profiling of plasma sampled was conducted by LC-MS. By combining multivariable and univariable statistical analyses, significant differential metabolites between the two groups were screened. The threshold for significant differences was VIP ≥1 and P < 0.05. Log2FC is the logarithm of the mean ratio between the two groups. RESULTS: There were no significant difference with respect to age, NIHSS score, and MMSE between the two groups (all P > 0.05). There were six differential metabolites between the PSD and stroke groups, of which three metabolites were increased and three were decreased. Compared with the control group, p-chlorophenylalanine (Log2FC = 1.37, P = 0.03), phenylacetyl glutamine (Log2FC = 0.21, P = 0.048), and DHA (Log2FC = 0.77, P = 0.01) levels were higher in the PSD group, while betaine (trimethylglycine) (Log2FC = - 0.79, P = 0.04), palmitic acid (Log2FC = - 0.51, P = 0.001), and MHPG-SO4 (Log2FC = - 2.37, P = 0.045) were decreased. CONCLUSION: Plasma metabolomics showed that amino acid metabolism (phenylacetyl glutamine, p-chlorophenylalanine, trimethylglycine), lipid metabolism (DHA, palmitic acid, trimethylglycine), and oxidative stress (DHA, palmitic acid, trimethylglycine) were associated with PSD. These results could help to reveal the pathophysiological mechanism of PSD and eventually identify treatment targets.

MicroRNA-26a-2 maintains stress resiliency and antidepressant efficacy by targeting the serotonergic autoreceptor HTR1A.

The association between dysregulated serotonergic activity and major depressive disorder (MDD) is well known. However, the various mechanisms underlying serotonergic dysregulation in MDD remain unclear. Previous research on serotonergic (5-HT) neurons identified microRNA-26a (miR-26a) targeting of the serotonin autoreceptor, 5-HT receptor 1A (HTR1A). Reporter assays with the Htr1a 5'UTR sequence were performed in vitro. Adult transgenic mouse models altering miR-26a-2 and Htr1a expression were used for chronic social defeat, antidepressant treatment, and in vivo lentiviral experiments. Mice were tested for anxiety-like behavior using the elevated plus-maze, dark-light transfer, and open-field tests, and for depression-like behavior using the forced-swim test. We confirmed that miR-26a-2 downregulates Htr1a expression in 5-HT neurons in vitro. miR-26a-2 levels were significantly upregulated in the mouse dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) following antidepressant therapy. The transgenic murine model overexpressing miR-26a-2 in serotonergic neurons displayed improved behavioral resiliency to social defeat. These effects were abrogated by the addition of Htr1a overexpression. In contrast, the transgenic murine model with miR-26a-2 knockdown in serotonergic neurons displayed increased anxious behavior and weakened antidepressant response. These effects were rescued by silencing Htr1a expression. Our findings suggest that miR-26a-2 functions as an endogenous antidepressant by targeting HTR1A in serotonergic neurons.

ß-catenin/LIN28B promotes the proliferation of human choriocarcinoma cells via Let-7a repression.

Choriocarcinoma is a rare and malignant trophoblastic tumor. However, the molecular mechanisms by which choriocarcinoma is regulated remain unknown. In the present study, we first elucidated that LIN28B was highly expressed in human choriocarcinoma tissues and choriocarcinoma cell lines. Our data further demonstrated that knockdown of LIN28B by small interfering RNA caused an increase in Let-7a expression in JAR cells. In addition, silencing of LIN28B inhibited IGF2BP1 expression and suppressed cell proliferation capacity, both of which can be markedly restored by Let-7a inhibitor. In contrast, LIN28B over-expression-improved cell proliferation was inhibited by Let-7a mimic. Knockdown of ß-catenin resulted in reduced expression of LIN28B and increased expression of Let-7a. Knockdown of ß-catenin also caused a decrease in cell proliferation, which can be recovered by re-expression of LIN28B or by Let-7a inhibitor. Collectively, our data indicate that ß-catenin/LIN28B/Let-7a pathway may be crucial for the regulation of cell proliferation in human choriocarcinoma cells.

Nicotine promotes vascular endothelial growth factor secretion by human trophoblast cells under hypoxic conditions and improves the proliferation and tube formation capacity of human umbilical endothelial cells.

Pre-eclampsia, characterized as defective uteroplacental vascularization, remains the major cause of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Previous epidemiological studies demonstrated that cigarette smoking reduced the risk of pre-eclampsia. However, the molecular mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, it is demonstrated that a low dose of nicotine decreased soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sFlt1) secretion in human trophoblast cells under hypoxic conditions. Nicotine was then observed to promote vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by reducing sFlt1 secretion and increasing VEGF mRNA transcription. Further data showed that nicotine enhanced hypoxia-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression and HIF-1α small interfering RNA abrogated nicotine-induced VEGF secretion, indicating that HIF-1α may be responsible for nicotine-mediated VEGF transcription under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, conditioned medium from human trophoblast cells treated with nicotine under hypoxic conditions promoted the proliferation and tube formation capacity of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) by promoting VEGF secretion. These findings indicate that nicotine may promote VEGF secretion in human trophoblast cells under hypoxic conditions by reducing sFlt1 secretion and up-regulating VEGF transcription and improve the proliferation and tube formation of HUVEC cells, which may contribute to elucidate the protective effect of cigarette smoking against pre-eclampsia.

AKT Axis, miR-21, and RECK Play Pivotal Roles in Dihydroartemisinin Killing Malignant Glioma Cells.

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin, is known to play important roles in inhibiting proliferation rate, inducing apoptosis, as well as hindering the metastasis and invasion of glioma cells, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear so far. In this study, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), colony-forming, wound healing, invasion, and apoptosis assays were performed to investigate the effect of DHA on malignant glioma cells. Results showed that DHA induced apoptosis of malignant glioma cells through Protein Kinase B (AKT) axis, induced death of malignant glioma cells by downregulating miR-21, and inhibited the invasion of malignant glioma cells corresponding with up-regulation of the reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK). These results revealed that AKT axis, miR-21, and RECK play pivotal roles in DHA killing malignant glioma cells, suggesting that DHA is a potential agent for treating glioma.

Interindividual epigenetic variation in ABCB1 promoter and its relationship with ABCB1 expression and function in healthy Chinese subjects.

AIM: Interindividual epigenetic variation is likely to be an important mechanism contributing to the interindividual variability in the expression and function of ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 1 (ABCB1). The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of interindividual epigenetic variability in the ABCB1 promoter on ABCB1 expression and function in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS: Using bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, the DNA methylation and histone acetylation status of the ABCB1 promoter in stool DNA and exfoliated colonic epithelial cells of 157 healthy Chinese male volunteers was analysed. ABCB1 mRNA levels in colonic epithelial cells were detected by real-time PCR. The digoxin pharmacokinetics in subjects with different epigenetic profiles was investigated after a single oral administration of digoxin (0.5 mg). RESULTS: The methylation levels of ABCB1 promoter in stool DNA showed a significant interindividual variation, from 0.84% to 18.05%. A high methylation level of the ABCB1 promoter was closely related to the low levels of acetylated histone H3 and ABCB1 mRNA expression. In the high methylation group, the area under the concentration-time curves (AUC(0-4 h) and AUC(0-10 h) ) of digoxin was increased by 19% [95% confidence interval (CI) 10%, 31%; P = 0.024] and 13% (95% CI 8%, 26%; P = 0.026), respectively, and the peak concentration (Cmax ) of digoxin was increased by 30% (95% CI 12%, 41%; P = 0.021) compared with the low methylation group. CONCLUSIONS: The epigenetic modifications of the ABCB1 promoter show high interindividual variability in healthy Chinese subjects, and are closely related to the interindividual variation in ABCB1 mRNA expression and digoxin 0-4 h plasma concentrations in vivo.

Inhibitory effects of phytochemicals on metabolic capabilities of CYP2D6(*)1 and CYP2D6(*)10 using cell-based models in vitro.

AIM: Herbal products have been widely used, and the safety of herb-drug interactions has aroused intensive concerns. This study aimed to investigate the effects of phytochemicals on the catalytic activities of human CYP2D6(*)1 and CYP2D6(*)10 in vitro. METHODS: HepG2 cells were stably transfected with CYP2D6(*)1 and CYP2D6(*)10 expression vectors. The metabolic kinetics of the enzymes was studied using HPLC and fluorimetry. RESULTS: HepG2-CYP2D6(*)1 and HepG2-CYP2D6(*)10 cell lines were successfully constructed. Among the 63 phytochemicals screened, 6 compounds, including coptisine sulfate, bilobalide, schizandrin B, luteolin, schizandrin A and puerarin, at 100 µmol/L inhibited CYP2D6(*)1- and CYP2D6(*)10-mediated O-demethylation of a coumarin compound AMMC by more than 50%. Furthermore, the inhibition by these compounds was dose-dependent. Eadie-Hofstee plots demonstrated that these compounds competitively inhibited CYP2D6(*)1 and CYP2D6(*)10. However, their Ki values for CYP2D6(*)1 and CYP2D6(*)10 were very close, suggesting that genotype-dependent herb-drug inhibition was similar between the two variants. CONCLUSION: Six phytochemicals inhibit CYP2D6(*)1 and CYP2D6(*)10-mediated catalytic activities in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Thus herbal products containing these phytochemicals may inhibit the in vivo metabolism of co-administered drugs whose primary route of elimination is CYP2D6.

Predicting Diagnostic Biomarkers Associated with Pyroptosis in Neuropathic Pain Based on Machine Learning and Experimental Validation.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown that pyroptosis plays a vital role in the progress of neuropathic pain (NP), but the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to identify crucial pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in NP. Methods: We identified pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (PRDEGs) in NP by machine learning analysis of the GSE24982 and GSE60670 datasets. Furthermore, these PRDEGs were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Friends analysis, respectively. Meanwhile, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic value of PRDEGs in NP. Finally, we performed immune infiltration analysis of key PRDEGs using CIBERSORTR R package. Results: We found that 5 PRDEGs by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and random forest and verified by RT-qPCR. GO, KEGG and GSEA revealed that these PRDEGs were mainly enriched in regulation of neuron death, IL-4 signaling, IL-23 pathway, and NF-κB pathway. ROC analysis revealed that most of the PRDEGs performed well in diagnosing NP. We also revealed transcription factors, miRNA regulatory networks and drug interaction networks of PRDEGs. For immune infiltration analysis, PRDEGs were mainly correlated with dendritic cells, monocytes and follicular T helper cells, suggested that it might be involved in the regulation of neuroimmune-related signaling. Conclusion: A total of five PRDEGs were can be employed as NP biomarkers, particularly Tlr4, Il1b and Casp8, and provide additional evidence for a vital role of pyroptosis in NP.

Factors influencing short-term prognosis after botulinum toxin type A treatment for hemifacial spasm：A retrospective study.

Background: It is widely acknowledged that botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has been widely used in the treatment of hemifacial spasm (HFS). However, there is currently a lack of systematic analysis of the factors affecting its therapeutic effect. Therefore, this study aims to explore the influencing factors of BTX-A in the treatment of HFS and to identify risk factors for poor prognosis. Methods: Retrospective study including 118 patients with HFS treated with BTX-A from 2019 January to 2023 April. Demographic and etiological variables as well as doses, number of sessions of BTX-A, infiltrated muscles, therapeutic response according to the Cohen evaluation scale, and side effects were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors that are associated with the short-term prognosis of BTX-A for the treatment of HFS. Results: Among the 118 patients with HFS included in this study, 57 achieved complete relief, 51 had significant relief, 7 had partial relief, and no improvement was observed in 3. The overall effective rate was 91.53 %. Results from the univariate analysis indicated that male, drinking, diabetes, and hypertension were all associated with poor short-term prognosis of BTX-A in the treatment of HFS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis further revealed that hypertension was an independent risk factor for poor short-term prognosis following BTX-A treatment for HFS (OR=5.847, P<0.05). Conclusion: BTX-A was effective in treating HFS and had minimal adverse effects. Hypertension was an independent risk factor for poor short-term prognosis following BTX-A treatment of HFS.

Construction of a depression risk prediction model for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients based on NHANES 2007-2014.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent global health issue that has been linked to an increased risk of depression. The objective of this study was to construct a nomogram model for predicting depression in T2DM patients. METHODS: A total of 4280 patients with T2DM were included in this study from the 2007-2014 NHANES. The entire dataset was split randomly into training set comprising 70 % of the data and a validation set comprising 30 % of the data. LASSO and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified predictors significantly associated with depression, and the nomogram was constructed with these predictors. The model was assessed by C-index, calibration curve, the hosmer-lemeshow test and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The nomogram model comprised of 9 predictors, namely age, gender, PIR, BMI, education attainment, smoking status, LDL-C, sleep duration and sleep disorder. The C-index of the training set was 0.780, while that of the validation set was 0.752, indicating favorable discrimination for the model. The model exhibited excellent clinical applicability and calibration in both the training and validation datasets. Moreover, the cut-off value of the nomogram is 223. LIMITATIONS: This study has shortcomings in data collection, lack of external validation, and results non-extrapolation. CONCLUSIONS: Our nomogram exhibits high clinical predictability, enabling clinicians to utilize this tool in identifying high-risk depressed patients with T2DM. It has the potential to decrease the incidence of depression and significantly improve the prognosis of patients with T2DM.

Vitamin B6 and folate intake are associated with lower risk of severe headache or migraine in adults: An analysis based on NHANES 1999-2004.

Previous studies have shown that B vitamins can relieve migraine. However, the association between vitamin B6 and folate, 2 important B vitamins consumed in the diet, with migraine have received minimal attention. This study explored the independent relationships between dietary vitamin B6 and folate intake with migraine and the interaction effect of these 2 nutrients on migraine in US adults. We hypothesized that vitamin B6 and folate intake would be inversely associated with migraine. This study included cross-sectional data from participants aged 20 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004. We conducted multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression to explore the association between dietary vitamin B6 and folate intake on migraine. Also, relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion of interaction, and synergy index were used to assess additive interactions. A total of 7017 participants were included in this study, 1350 of whom were migraineurs. We determined that vitamin B6 and folate intake revealed a negative association with severe headache or migraine (0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.89; P = .01 and 0.57; 95% CI, 0.42-0.78; P = .002]), respectively. Also, a significant interaction effect between a high mass of vitamin B6 and folate intake was observed for a lower risk of migraine (relative excess risk due to interaction, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.05-0.51]; attributable proportion of interaction: 0.45 [95% CI, 0.05-0.86]; synergy index: 0.58 [95% CI, 0.40-0.83]). A high mass of vitamin B6 and folate intake (vitamin B6 intake ≥ 2.39 mg/day and folate intake ≥ 502.01 µg/day) presented a synergistic interaction with migraine, suggesting that these 2 nutrients might be beneficial in preventing migraine.

CircMYBL1 suppressed acquired resistance to osimertinib in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in the development of acquired resistance to many anticancer drugs. We developed the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with acquired resistance to osimertinib, a third-generation of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), and evaluated the different expression profiles of circRNAs in osimertinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cell lines using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The expression of selected differentially expressed circRNAs was verified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in paired osimertinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cell lines, and in plasma samples of osimertinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC patients. We found that circMYBL1(has_circ_0136924) was downregulated after acquired resistance to osimertinib, inhibiting circMYBL1 expression facilitated the proliferation, migration, and invasion in osimertinib-sensitive NSCLC cells. CircMYBL1 may be a novel molecular biomarker and therapeutic target for osimertinib-resistant NSCLC.

Preparation of an aqueous zinc ion rGH/V2O5 photorechargeable supercapacitor.

A photorechargeable supercapacitor was constructed using vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), reduced graphene oxide hydrogel (rGH), and zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (Zn(CF3SO3)2) as the photoanode, cathode, and electrolyte, respectively. The phase composition, microstructure, chemical structure, light absorption, and specific surface area of the synthesized products and the electrochemical performance of the rGH/V2O5 supercapacitor were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and an electrochemical workstation, respectively. The results show that the device has a specific capacity of 164 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 under illumination with 95 mW cm-2 light intensity, which is 20.5% higher than that under normal electrical charging. The supercapacitor has a 75% capacity retention rate and 100% coulombic efficiency, respectively, after 10 000 testing cycles under photoelectric synergistic charging and discharging. The as-constructed rGH/V2O5 photorechargeable supercapacitor exhibits promising application potential in electric vehicles and wearable electronics.

Romidepsin exhibits anti-esophageal squamous cell carcinoma activity through the DDIT4-mTORC1 pathway.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common human malignancies worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Current treatment options are limited, highlighting the need for development of novel effective agents. Here, a high-throughput drug screening (HTS) was performed using ESCC cell lines in both two- and three-dimensional culture systems to screen compounds that have anti-ESCC activity. Our screen identified romidepsin, a histone deactylase inhibitor, as a potential anti-ESCC agent. Romidepsin treatment decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ESCC cell lines, and these findings were confirmed in ESCC cell line-derived xenografted (CDX) mouse models. Mechanically, romidepsin induced transcriptional upregulation of DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) gene by histone hyperacetylation at its promoter region, leading to the inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. Furthermore, romidepsin exhibited better efficacy and safety compared to the conventional therapeutic drugs in ESCC patient-derived xenografted (PDX) mouse models. These data indicate that romidepsin may be a novel option for anti-ESCC therapy.