[NIR and XRD analysis of drill-hole samples from Zhamuaobao iron-graphite deposit, Inner Mongolia].

The author analyzed the 4202 drill-hole samples from Zhamuaobao iron-graphite deposit by using near infrared spectroscopy(NIR) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) measuring and testing techniques, and then compared and summarized the results of two kinds of testing technology. The results indicate that some difference of the mineral composition exists among different layers, the lithology from upper to deeper is the clay gravel layer of tertiary and quaternary, mudstone, mica quartz schist, quartz actinolite scarn, skarnization marble, iron ore deposits, graphite deposits and mica quartz schist. The petrogenesis in different depth also shows difference, which may indicate the geological characteristic to some extent. The samples had mainly undergone such processes as oxidization, carbonation, chloritization and skarn alteration. The research results can not only improve the geological feature of the mining area, but also have great importance in ore exploration, mining, mineral processing and so on. What's more, as XRD can provide preliminary information about the mineral composition, NIR can make further judgement on the existence of the minerals. The research integrated the advantages of both NIR and XRD measuring and testing techniques, put forward a method with two kinds of modern testing technology combined with each other, which may improve the accuracy of the mineral composition identification. In the meantime, the NIR will be more wildly used in geography on the basis of mineral spectroscopy.

[Near Infrared Spectroscopy of the Cretaceous Red Beds in Inner Mongolia Dongshengmiao].

Take the cores and surface weathered soil from the Cretaceous red beds in the western of Dongshengmiao mine of Inner Mongolia and analysis with near-infrared spectroscopy. The result shows that near-infrared spectroscopy can identify mineral quickly through the characteristic absorption peaks of each group. The Cretaceous red beds in the western of Dongshengmiao mine is argillaceous cementation, it is mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, montmorillonite, illite, chlorite, muscovite etc, the mineral composition is mainly affected by the upstream source area. The clay mineral like montmorillonite water swelling and uneven drying shrinkage expands the original crack and creates new cracks, reduces its strength, which is the mainly reason of its disintegration. According to the composition of clay mineral, we speculate its weathering process is mainly physical weathering, the climate during the weathering is cold and dry. The results can not only improve the geological feature of the mining area, but also show that the near-infrared spectroscopy technology can analyze the mineral composition of soil and rock effectively on the basis of Mineral spectroscopy, which demonstrates the feasibility of the near-infrared spectroscopy can analyze minerals in soil and rock quickly, that shows the feasibility in geology study, provides new ideas for the future research of soil and rock.

[The Significance of Analysis of Soil from the Surface of Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia with Near Infrared Spectra].

The technology of near infrared spectrum, marked by its convenience and effectiveness, which has been applied extensively in lithological analysis, is suitable for component analysis of regional geology, due to its superiority in analyzing numerous samples in a relatively short time. Since different mineral molecule peaks will show different characters when being analyzed in the near infrared spectrum, we can acquire the information about the mineral composition, water content, mineral crystallinity and etc. In this passage, the soil from the surface of Hetao Plain has been analyzed, and in this case, we can obtain the information about the mineral composition, water content, mineral crystallinity and etc. Referring the features of local environment and climate, we could surmise the source of the minerals in soil and the environment where they formed. The result not only consummates the geological characterization of Hetao area, but also has great significance revealing mechanism of soil-formation in Hetao area. The result shows that the soil from surface of Hetao Plain is mainly composed by altered minerals, such as kaolinite, smectite, ledikite, muscovite etc, and is presumed to be from acidic rock mass of the Yinshan mountains. The passage also indicates that the Yinshan mountains have great impact on the formation of the soil on Hetao Plain in the aspect of climate, for example, though the climate of inner Mongolia is continental arid climate, enough rainfall and the substantial differences in mean annual precipitation ensure the relatively moist environment in this area, and make the sediments altered adequately, proposing new aspects about exploring the mechanism of the soil-formation in Hetao area.

[X-ray diffraction (XRD) and near infrared spectrum (NIR) analysis of the soil overlying the Bairendaba deposit of the Inner Mongolia Grassland].

The soil samples uniformly overlying the Bairendaba deposit of the Inner Mongolia grassland were collected, and ana- lyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and near infrared spectrum (NIR), for exploring the origins of the soil from the, grassland mining area and the relationship with the underground rock. The results show that the samp]s consist of quartz, graphite, carbonate, hornblende, mica, chlorite, montmorillonite, illite, berlinite, diaspore, azurite, hen tite, etc. These indicate that the soil samples were not only from the weathering products of the surface rock, but also from the underground rock mass and the alteration of the wall rock. The azurite and the hematite contained in the soil, mainly coming from the oxidation zone of the orebodies, can be used as the prospecting marks. The alteration mineral assemblage is mainly chlorite-illite-montmorillonite and it experienced the alteration process of potassic alteration-->silicification-->carbonatization-->silk greisenization-->clayization. Also, the wall rock alteration and the physical weathering processes can be accurately restored by analyzing the combination of the alteration minerals, which can provide important reference information for the deep ore prospecting and the ore deposit genesis study, improving the rate of the prospecting. The XRD and NIR with the characteristics of the economy and quickness can be used for the identification of mineral composition of soil, and in the study of mineral and mineral deposits. Especially, NIR has its unique superiority, that is, its sample request is low, and it can analyze a batch of samples quickly. With the development of INR, it will be more and more widely applied in geological field, and can play an important role in the ore exploration.

[The significance of analyzing the soil above the gejiu copper deposits, yunnan with near infrared spectral].

The authros collected the soil samples uniformly above the target ore district and analyzed them with the near infrared spectrum. The results show that the NIR could identify the minerals in the soil well, including the combination of altered minerals roughly. Contrasting these mineral combination with the characteristics of orebody, we found that there was a certain degree of correlation between the soil and the concealed orebody, especially the altered minerals which was consistent with the altered conditions of this deposit. Therefore, we thought that any mineral composition of soil could be used to indicate some information from deep orebody and provide some basis for finding this type of copper. In addition, we also thought that the NIR information contained in the soil above the oreboday could serve as an effective research method inproviding some basis for prospecting. And we can use it for other deposits, especially for the deeply concealed orebody and some regions with a fragile geological environment.