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1.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(20)2022 Oct 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36298110

RESUMO

In this paper, a novel embedded helix dielectric rod antenna is presented for high gain radiation with circular polarization (CP) and low side lobe levels for IoT Applications. Different from the conventional dielectric rod antennas, this proposed antenna is an integrated structure that combines the advantages of the helix and dielectric rod antennas. The presented antenna mainly consists of three parts: a tapered helix as primary feeding for CP, a dielectric rod with printed loops embedded for higher directivity, and a dielectric rod end for improving the gain further. After studying and analyzing the working principles of each part, an optimum design operating at 8-9.7 GHz is carried out as an example. A prototype is also fabricated and tested. The measured results show that the prototype can provide 18.41 dB maximum gain within the length of 7.7 λ. The side lobe level is below -20 dB, and the axial ratio is better than 1.14 dB in the whole frequency band. Compared with the traditional helix antenna and dielectric rod antenna with the same electric length, the presented antenna has a higher gain with a lower side lobe level and with good polarization purity.


Assuntos
Eletricidade , Tecnologia sem Fio , Desenho de Equipamento , Refração Ocular
2.
Int Immunol ; 32(8): 509-518, 2020 07 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32128565

RESUMO

The sublingual mucosa (SLM) in the oral cavity is utilized as the site for sublingual immunotherapy to induce tolerance against allergens. We previously reported that CD206+ round-type macrophage-like cells were induced in the SLM after repeated antigen (e.g. cedar pollen or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC))-painting. In this study, we examined the phenotypic and functional properties of CD206+ cells induced by repeated FITC-painting on the SLM. CD206+ cells after the repeated FITC-painting possessed a macrophage-like CD11b+Ly6C+ F4/80+CD64+ phenotype and expressed TIM-4, which was expressed in tolerogenic tissue-resident macrophages, at a high level. SLM CD206+ cells preferentially expressed molecules related to endocytosis and homeostatic processes, including the novel B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules, as assessed by microarray analyses. SLM CD206+ cells showed preferential expression of M2-related genes such as Fizz1, Aldh1a1 and Aldh1a2 but not Ym-1 and Arginase-1. A CD206+ cell-rich status inhibited OVA-specific CD4+ T-cell responses but reciprocally enhanced the proportion of both IL-10+CD4+ cells and Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells in regional lymph nodes. Co-culture of CD206+ cells with dendritic cells (DCs) showed that IL-12 production was suppressed in DCs concurrent with the decline of the MHC class IIhiCD86+ population, which was restored by neutralization of IL-10. These results demonstrate SLM CD206+ cells show the feature of tolerogenic macrophages and down-regulate the antigen-presenting cell function of mature DCs resulting in the inhibition of CD4+ T-cell responses.


Assuntos
Alérgenos/imunologia , Lectinas Tipo C/imunologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Lectinas de Ligação a Manose/imunologia , Mucosa/imunologia , Receptores de Superfície Celular/imunologia , Animais , Cryptomeria/química , Feminino , Fluoresceína-5-Isotiocianato/química , Receptor de Manose , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Soalho Bucal/imunologia , Pólen/imunologia
3.
Lipids Health Dis ; 19(1): 40, 2020 Mar 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32171306

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Recent studies showed that dyslipidemia could be a critical factor in the progression of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of the present study was to describe the relationship between serum lipid profile and SLE disease activity in young female adults with SLE. METHODS: Seventy-one female subjects diagnosed with SLE aged 20~30 years were enrolled. Serum lipid profile including TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Apo A, Apo B, and Apo E were evaluated between control and young female SLE patients. Univariate correlation analyses were performed to explore the correlation between serum lipid levels and SLE disease activity. RESULTS: Our results showed that TG and VLDL-C levels were significantly increased in young female SLE as compared to control, with TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, Apo A, and Apo B significantly reduced. Meanwhile, univariate correlation analyses showed negative correlations between SLE disease activity index and HDL-C, LDL-C, Apo A, and Apo B; with positive correlations between SLE disease activity index and TG and VLDL-C. CONCLUSION: Serum lipid profile was significantly dysregulated in young female SLE patients. Moreover, SLE disease activity was correlated to the serum lipid levels, supporting the notion that the young patients with SLE might also have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.


Assuntos
Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/patologia , Adulto , Apolipoproteínas A/sangue , Apolipoproteínas B/sangue , Apolipoproteínas E/sangue , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Dislipidemias/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangue , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Adulto Jovem
4.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 518(2): 331-336, 2019 10 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31421832

RESUMO

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear-associated cytokine of the IL-1 family. IL-33 and its receptor ST2 axis exert conflicting anti-tumor and pro-tumor effects in various tumors. In this study, we examined the role of endogenously produced IL-33 in the colon-26 tumor model, in which involvement of the IL-33:ST2 pathway was negligible on the tumor side. We found that the generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8+ T cells, and IFN-γ expression by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (T cell activation) were impaired in IL-33-deficient mice. Overall antitumor responses, assessed by tumor growth and IFN-γ expression by tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, were also impaired, even after Treg adjustment prior to tumor inoculation. These results indicate that endogenous IL-33 augmented CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor responses in this colon carcinoma model, with higher CD8+ T cell-infiltration and overcoming pro-tumor effects by increased Tregs. Exogenous application of IL-33 into the tumors did not enhance CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor responses despite marked elevation of innate responses showing upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression, neutrophil recruitment, and dendritic cell activation. Our results suggest a dual role for endogenous IL-33 in antitumor responses and suggest that the balance of CD8+ T cells:Tregs in the tumor microenvironment is one of key factors for estimating the contribution of IL-33-mediated antitumor responses. Therefore, the development of IL-33-based cancer immunotherapy may require a target cell-specific approach.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Neoplasias do Colo/imunologia , Interleucina-33/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias do Colo/genética , Feminino , Técnicas de Inativação de Genes , Humanos , Interleucina-33/genética , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Knockout
5.
Cardiovasc Diabetol ; 16(1): 97, 2017 08 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28789650

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are known to present with multiple vessel lesions during coronary angiography. The underlying mechanism remains elusive and there is a shortage of serum prediction markers. In this study, we investigate the relationship between admission HbA1c and severity of coronary artery stenosis and subsequent prognosis in AMI patients with or without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We measured admission HbA1c, and vessel scores based on the number of diseased coronary vessels with significant stenosis in 628 patients diagnosed with AMI. Simple and multi-regression analysis were performed to investigate the correlation between HbA1c and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including new-onset myocardial infarction, acute heart failure and cardiac death, were documented during the follow-up. 272 non-DM participants and 137 DM participants were separated into two groups based on HbA1c levels for survival analysis during a 2-year follow up. RESULTS: 448 non-DM patients and 180 DM patients were included in the initial observational analysis. 272 non-DM patients and 137 DM patients were included in the follow-up survival analysis. The admission HbA1c level was found to be significantly positively correlated to the number of affected vessels suffering from significant coronary artery stenosis both in DM (R square = 0.012; 95% CI 0.002 to 0.623, P = 0.049) and non DM patients (R square = 0.025; 95% CI 0.009 to 0.289, P = 0.037). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed no significant difference with regard to different HbA1c levels either in DM or non-DM patients at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AMI, admission HbA1c is an important predictor for the severity of coronary artery stenosis in non-DM and DM patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether longer term follow-up could further identify the prognosis effect of HbA1c on MACE.


Assuntos
Angioplastia/efeitos adversos , Estenose Coronária/patologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Idoso , Angioplastia/métodos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Estenose Coronária/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco
6.
Postgrad Med J ; 92(1086): 201-7, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26811505

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrosis plays a key role in the inducibility and persistence of atrial fibrillation. Urotensin II (U-II/UTS2) induces cardiac fibrosis by increasing fibroblast collagen synthesis and increased U-II plasma levels have been reported in patients with atrial fibrosis. Our objective was therefore to evaluate the possible role of the UTS2 gene polymorphisms Thr21Met and Ser89Asn in the genetic susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in a Chinese population. METHODS: A case-control study was designed to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between controls (n=197) and patients with AF (n=197). The detection of UTS2 gene polymorphisms was undertaken using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. RESULTS: We identified statistically significant differences between the atrial fibrillation and control groups with regard to the frequency of genotype variant GA at the Ser89Asn locus (OR 1.955, 95% CI 1.071 to 3.566, p=0.029). When stratified by sex, differences in genotype distribution of polymorphism Ser89Asn was only seen in men in the additive tested inheritance model (OR 2.843, 95% CI 1.273 to 6.348, p=0.011). There was a statistical difference in Met21Met, implying a potential beneficial role for atrial fibrillation in the recessive tested inheritance model among men (OR 0.260, 95% CI 0.075 to 0.89, p=0.033; AA vs GA-GG). For subjects with atrial fibrillation, the Met21Met genotype was associated with a larger anteroposterior left atrial diameter (AA vs GG, 4.12±0.62 vs 3.86±0.51, p=0.028) and a smaller left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (AA vs GG, 4.50±0.48 vs 4.78±0.49, p=0.039). CONCLUSIONS: Ser89Asn polymorphisms of the UTS2 gene are significantly associated with atrial fibrillation in the Chinese population. Additionally, we demonstrated that genotype Met21Met may have a potential beneficial role in atrial fibrillation.


Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Fibrilação Atrial/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Terapia de Alvo Molecular/tendências , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Urotensinas/genética , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Fibrilação Atrial/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China/epidemiologia , China/etnologia , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença/etnologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
7.
J Imaging Inform Med ; 2024 Feb 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38424276

RESUMO

Automatic breast ultrasound image segmentation plays an important role in medical image processing. However, current methods for breast ultrasound segmentation suffer from high computational complexity and large model parameters, particularly when dealing with complex images. In this paper, we take the Unext network as a basis and utilize its encoder-decoder features. And taking inspiration from the mechanisms of cellular apoptosis and division, we design apoptosis and division algorithms to improve model performance. We propose a novel segmentation model which integrates the division and apoptosis algorithms and introduces spatial and channel convolution blocks into the model. Our proposed model not only improves the segmentation performance of breast ultrasound tumors, but also reduces the model parameters and computational resource consumption time. The model was evaluated on the breast ultrasound image dataset and our collected dataset. The experiments show that the SC-Unext model achieved Dice scores of 75.29% and accuracy of 97.09% on the BUSI dataset, and on the collected dataset, it reached Dice scores of 90.62% and accuracy of 98.37%. Meanwhile, we conducted a comparison of the model's inference speed on CPUs to verify its efficiency in resource-constrained environments. The results indicated that the SC-Unext model achieved an inference speed of 92.72 ms per instance on devices equipped only with CPUs. The model's number of parameters and computational resource consumption are 1.46M and 2.13 GFlops, respectively, which are lower compared to other network models. Due to its lightweight nature, the model holds significant value for various practical applications in the medical field.

8.
Water Res ; 255: 121489, 2024 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38552489

RESUMO

In the context of global climate change, sudden rainstorms and typhoons induce fluctuations in hydraulic shocks to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in coastal areas, causing two challenges of stable effluent quality and low-carbon operation. We established a quantitative evaluation method for resistance of wastewater treatment processes to hydraulic shocks based on the water-energy-carbon nexus using operational data from a WWTP in southeast coastal China from July 2018 to December 2022. The effects of hydraulic shocks on the operational stability of the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic-membrane bioreactor (A2/O-MBR) process were analyzed following five steps. The results showed that the gray water footprint (GWF) of the process was 9.3% lower than that of the A2/O process. The energy footprint (ENF) and carbon footprint (CF) were approximately 2.1 times and 1.7 times higher than those of the A2/O process, respectively. The resistance to hydraulic shocks of the A2/O-MBR process is approximately 5.5 times higher than that of the A2/O process. In conclusion, the A2/O-MBR process exhibits higher process operational stability when subjected to hydraulic shocks, which is more conducive to the efficient and stable operation of WWTPs in rainstorm and typhoon-prone areas. The evaluation methodology provides qualitative technical support for selecting upgrading processes for WWTPs in different regions.

9.
Acta Pharmacol Sin ; 34(4): 531-40, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23503473

RESUMO

AIM: The tumor suppressor in lung cancer-1 (TSLC1) is a candidate tumor suppressor of lung cancer, and frequently inactivated in primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the effects of TSLC1 mediated by a dual-regulated oncolytic adenovirus on lung cancer, and the mechanisms underlying the antitumor actions. METHODS: The recombinant virus Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 was constructed by inserting the TSLC1 gene into the dual-regulated Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24) vector, which contained the survivin promoter and a 24 bp deletion within E1A. The antitumor effects of Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 were evaluated in NCI-H460, A549, and H1299 lung cancer cell lines and the normal fibroblast cell line MRC-5, as well as in A549 xenograft model in nude mice. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. The expression of TSLC1 and activation of the caspase signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analyses. The tumor tissues from the xenograft models were examined using H&E staining, IHC, TUNEL, and TEM analyses. RESULTS: Infection of A549 lung cancer cells with Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 induced high level expression of TSLC1. Furthermore, the Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 virus dose-dependently suppressed the viability of NCI-H460, A549, and H1299 lung cancer cells, and did not affect MRC-5 normal fibroblast cells. Infection of NCI-H460, A549, and H1299 lung cancer cells with Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 induced apoptosis, and increased activation of caspase-8, caspase-3 and PARP. In A549 xenograft model in nude mice, intratumoral injection of Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 significantly suppressed the tumor volume, and increased the survival rate (from less than 15% to 87.5% at d 60). Histological studies showed that injection of Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 caused tumor cell apoptosis and virus particle propagation in tumor tissues. CONCLUSION: The oncolytic adenovirus Ad·sp-E1A(Δ24)-TSLC1 exhibits specific antitumor effects, and is a promising agent for the treatment of lung cancer.


Assuntos
Adenoviridae/fisiologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/genética , Imunoglobulinas/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Vírus Oncolíticos/fisiologia , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Animais , Apoptose/fisiologia , Molécula 1 de Adesão Celular , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/virologia , Terapia Genética/métodos , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Vetores Genéticos/metabolismo , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Terapia Viral Oncolítica/métodos , Distribuição Aleatória , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/metabolismo
10.
Polymers (Basel) ; 15(7)2023 Mar 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37050294

RESUMO

Particulate polymer composites (PPCs) are widely applied under different elastic wave loading conditions in the automobile, aviation, and armor protection industries. This study investigates the elastic wave propagation behavior of a typical PPC, specifically a Cu/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite, with a wide range of particle contents (30-65 vol. %) and particle sizes (1-100 µm). The results demonstrate an inflection phenomenon in both the elastic wave velocity and attenuation coefficient with increasing volume content. In addition, the inflection point moves to the direction of low content with the increase in particle size. Notably, the elastic wave velocity, attenuation, and wavefront width significantly increased with the particle size. The inflection phenomenon of elastic wave propagation behavior in PPCs is demonstrated to have resulted from particle interaction using the classical scattering theory and finite element analysis. The particle interaction initially intensified and then reduced with increasing particle content. This study elucidates the underlying mechanism governing the elastic wave propagation behavior of high particle content PPCs and provides guidelines for the design and application of wave-absorbing composites.

11.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol ; 10(6): 1002-1011, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37186447

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on oxygen saturation and cerebral perfusion in the early stages of traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: This study included 136 consecutive TBI patients and 51 healthy individuals. The APOE genotypes of all subjects were determined using quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR). Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) of patients with TBI and normal subjects was monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Computed tomography (CT) perfusion was used to obtain cerebral perfusion in patients with TBI and normal subjects. RESULTS: In the TBI group, the rScO2 of APOEε4 carriers (53.06 ± 6.87%) was significantly lower than that of non-carriers (58.19 ± 5.83%, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the MTT of APOEε4 carriers (6.75 ± 1.30 s) was significantly longer than that of non-carriers (5.87 ± 1.00 s, p < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between rSCO2 and MTT in patients with TBI. Both the univariate and multifactorial logistic regression analyses revealed that APOE ε4, hypoxia, MTT >5.75 s, Marshall CT Class, and GCS were independent risk factors for early poor prognosis in patients with TBI. CONCLUSION: Both cerebral perfusion and cerebral oxygen were significantly impaired after TBI, and low cerebral perfusion and hypoxia were related to poor prognosis of patients with TBI. Compared with APOE ε4 non-carriers, APOE ε4 carriers not only had poorer cerebral perfusion and cerebral oxygen metabolism but also worse prognosis in the early stages of TBI. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between the rSCO2 and MTT levels. In addition, both CT perfusion scanning (CTP) and NIRS are reliable for monitoring the condition of patients with TBI in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU).


Assuntos
Apolipoproteína E4 , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas , Humanos , Apolipoproteína E4/genética , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/genética , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Hipóxia , Oxigênio , Saturação de Oxigênio , Perfusão , Prognóstico
12.
BMJ Open ; 13(6): e070070, 2023 06 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37277219

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The optimal treatment strategy remains debatable in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure. Our objectives were to summarise in-hospital therapies and determine factors associated with treatment strategy selections. DESIGN: A retrospective study analysing the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Atrial Fibrillation (CCC-AF) project from 2015 to 2019. SETTING: The CCC-AF project included patients from 151 tertiary and 85 secondary hospitals across 30 provinces in China. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with AF and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD, defined as left ventricular ejection fraction<50%) were included, with 5560 patients in the study sample. METHODS: Patients were classified by treatment strategies. In-hospital treatments and trends of therapies were analysed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to find determinants of treatment strategies. RESULTS: Rhythm control therapies were used in 16.9% of patients with no significant trends (p trend=0.175). Catheter ablation was used in 5.5% of patients, increasing from 3.3% in 2015 to 6.6% in 2019 (p trend<0.001). Factors negatively associated with rhythm control included increased age (OR 0.973, 95% CI 0.967 to 0.980), valvular AF (OR 0.618, 95% CI 0.419 to 0.911), AF types (persistent: OR 0.546, 95% CI 0.462 to 0.645; long-standing persistent: OR 0.298, 95% CI 0.240 to 0.368), larger left atrial diameters (OR 0.966, 95% CI 0.957 to 0.976) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores (CCI 1-2: OR 0.630, 95% CI 0.529 to 0.750; CCI≥3: OR 0.551, 95% CI 0.390 to 0.778). Higher platelet counts (OR 1.025, 95% CI 1.013 to 1.037) and prior rhythm control attempts (electrical cardioversion: OR 4.483, 95% CI 2.369 to 8.483; catheter ablation: OR 4.957, 95% CI 3.072 to 7.997) were positively associated with rhythm control strategies. CONCLUSION: In China, non-rhythm control strategy remained the dominant choice in patients with AF and LVSD. Age, AF types, prior treatments, left atrial diameters, platelet counts and comorbidities were major determinants of treatment strategies. Guideline-adherent therapies should be further promoted. STUDY REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02309398.


Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Ablação por Cateter , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda , Humanos , Fibrilação Atrial/complicações , Função Ventricular Esquerda , Estudos Retrospectivos , Volume Sistólico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Melhoria de Qualidade , Ablação por Cateter/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento
13.
Front Aging Neurosci ; 14: 798132, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35462698

RESUMO

The main purpose of the study was to explore a reliable way to automatically handle emergency cases, such as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Therefore, an artificial intelligence (AI) system, named, H-system, was designed to automatically recognize medical text data of ICH patients and output the treatment plan. Furthermore, the efficiency and reliability of the H-system were tested and analyzed. The H-system, which is mainly based on a pretrained language model Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and an expert module for logical judgment of extracted entities, was designed and founded by the neurosurgeon and AI experts together. All emergency medical text data were from the neurosurgery emergency electronic medical record database (N-eEMRD) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, and Chongqing First People's Hospital, and the treatment plans of these ICH cases were divided into two types. A total of 1,000 simulated ICH cases were randomly selected as training and validation sets. After training and validating on simulated cases, real cases from three medical centers were provided to test the efficiency of the H-system. Doctors with 1 and 5 years of working experience in neurosurgery (Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y) were included to compare with H-system. Furthermore, the data of the H-system, for instance, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), were calculated and compared with Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y. In the testing set, the time H-system spent on ICH cases was significantly shorter than that of doctors with Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y. In the testing set, the accuracy of the H-system's treatment plan was 88.55 (88.16-88.94)%, the specificity was 85.71 (84.99-86.43)%, and the sensitivity was 91.83 (91.01-92.65)%. The AUC value of the H-system in the testing set was 0.887 (0.884-0.891). Furthermore, the time H-system spent on ICH cases was significantly shorter than that of doctors with Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y. The accuracy and AUC of the H-system were significantly higher than that of Doctor-1Y. In addition, the accuracy of the H-system was more closed to that of Doctor-5Y. The H-system designed in the study can automatically recognize and analyze medical text data of patients with ICH and rapidly output accurate treatment plans with high efficiency. It may provide a reliable and novel way to automatically and rapidly handle emergency cases, such as ICH.

14.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 28(12): 2044-2052, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36017774

RESUMO

AIMS: To design a model to predict the early prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on parameters that can be quickly obtained in emergency conditions from medical history, physical examination, and supplementary examinations. METHODS: The medical records of TBI patients who were hospitalized in two medical institutions between June 2015 and June 2021 were collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into the training set, validation set, and testing set. The possible predictive indicators were screened after analyzing the data of patients in the training set. Then prediction models were found based on the possible predictive indicators in the training set. Data of patients in the validation set and the testing set was provided to validate the predictive values of the models. RESULTS: Age, Glasgow coma scale score, Apolipoprotein E genotype, damage area, serum C-reactive protein, and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels, and Marshall computed tomography score were found associated with early prognosis of TBI patients. The accuracy of the early prognosis prediction model (EPPM) was 80%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the EPPM were 78.8% and 80.8% in the training set. The accuracy of the EPPM was 79%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the EPPM were 66.7% and 86.2% in the validation set. The accuracy of the early EPPM was 69.1%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the EPPM were 67.9% and 77.8% in the testing set. CONCLUSION: Prediction models integrating general information, clinical manifestations, and auxiliary examination results may provide a reliable and rapid method to evaluate and predict the early prognosis of TBI patients.


Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas , Humanos , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/diagnóstico , Prognóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
15.
Clin Neurophysiol ; 136: 182-190, 2022 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35193096

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism on regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) and quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) at the early phase of adult traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: clinical data of TBI patients who were admitted to the neurosurgery intensive care unit (NICU) were retrospectively evaluated and studied, and data of healthy volunteers were recruited as control. The APOE genotypes were genotyped by quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR). The rScO2 and brainelectricalactivityof all the participants involved in this research were measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and QEEG respectively. RESULTS: The average rScO2 of TBI patients was significantly lower than that of the normal controls (P < 0.0001). And the EEG of the TBI patients has showed more irregular slow-wave activities than that of the normal controls. Furthermore, the above changes were more significant in the APOE ε4 carriers in the early stage of TBI patients. CONCLUSIONS: The APOE ε4 allele may be associated with poor rScO2 and more slow-wave activities at the early stage of TBI. SIGNIFICANCE: To clarify the effect of APOE gene polymorphism on the condition of patients with TBI may be helpful for the design and management of individualized treatment programs.


Assuntos
Apolipoproteína E4 , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas , Adulto , Apolipoproteína E4/genética , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/diagnóstico , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/genética , Eletroencefalografia , Genótipo , Humanos , Saturação de Oxigênio , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos
16.
Curr Drug Deliv ; 18(6): 712-720, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33234103

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: At present, there are numerous researches on the migration of components in tablets and granules, however, the investigation in the pharmaceutical literatures concerning the effect of drying rate on the migration of water-soluble components of pellets is limited. Temperature and Relative Humidity (RH) are crucial parameters during the drying process, which is an essential step in the preparation of pellets via wet extrusion/spheronization. To quantify these variables, the water loss percentage of pellets per minute is defined as the drying rate. AIM: The study aimed to investigate the influence of drying rate on the migration of water-soluble components in wet pellets and the potential migrated mechanism. METHODS: The pellets containing tartrazine as a water-soluble model drug and microcrystalline cellulose as a matrix former were prepared by extrusion/spheronization and dried at four different drying temperatures and relative humidity. Afterwards, the extent of migrated tartrazine was assessed regarding appearance, in-vitro dissolution test, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-Ray Powder Diffraction, Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Confocal Raman Mapping. RESULTS: Results demonstrated that red spots of tartrazine appeared on the surface of pellets and more than 40% tartrazine were burst released within 5 minutes when pellets were dried at 60°C/RH 10%. When pellets were dried at 40°C/RH 80%, none of these aforementioned phenomena were observed. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the faster the drying rate was, the more tartrazine migrated to the exterior of pellets. Adjusting drying temperature and relative humidity appropriately could inhibit the migration of water-soluble components within wet extrusion/spheronization pellets.


Assuntos
Tecnologia Farmacêutica , Água , Implantes de Medicamento , Pós , Comprimidos , Difração de Raios X
17.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 2021 Jun 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34145753

RESUMO

AIM: To establish an artery and venous sinus occlusion image score (AVOIS) which is compatible in both cerebral arteries and venous system diseases. METHODS: A total of 188 consecutive patients with the final diagnosis of anterior circulation infarct (ACI) and 56 consecutive patients with cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) were retrospectively studied. The AVOIS was developed based on the severity of occlusive changes of main intracranial arteries and venous sinuses (present = 0, partial occlusion = 1, absent = 2), and divided into four groups (CVST group: 0, 1-5, 6-10, >10. ACI group: 0, 1-5, 6-10, >10) arbitrarily. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to discover the sensitivity and specificity of AVOIS. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Clot Burden Score (CBS) were set as the reference. Logistic regression models were developed to adjust for baseline clinical variables and AVOIS. Length of hospital stay (LOS) was also evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. RESULTS: For the CVST group, a positive correlation between AVOIS and NIHSS was discovered (Spearman's ρ = 0.54, p < 0.001). For the ACI group, ROC showed relatively high sensitivity (84.8%) and specificity (81.8%). Besides, the probability of time to discharge was significantly different among the AVOIS subgroups as well (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The AVOIS can be used to evaluate the treatment of patients with acute stroke caused by cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and anterior circulation large vessel occlusion. It is a reliable and convenient method that may help prompt prognosis and guide the treatment of individual patients.

18.
Int J Hypertens ; 2020: 9075636, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32328303

RESUMO

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was proven to be a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular events. However, the modifying effect of blood pressure (BP) on the longitudinal association between baPWV and new-onset hypertension is not well established. This study included 1849 non-hypertensive Chinese subjects from Shougang cohort study during December 2011 to July 2014. BaPWV was obtained using an Omron Colin BP-203RPE III device. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of baPWV and outcomes. During a mean follow-up time of 2.36 years, 248 (13.41%) developed hypertension. BaPWV independently and gradably predicted the risk of incident hypertension and the SBP level at revisit (odds ratio or ß (95% confidence interval) for participants with baPWV in quartile 4 vs. quartile 1: 2.72 (1.54, 4.78) for incident hypertension and 5.92 (4.26, 7.58) for SBP, P for trend: <0.001) after adjusting demonstrated risk factors. Besides, the effects of baseline baPWV on either incident hypertension or SBP at revisit were interactively modified by the level of baseline SBP; the effect size increased as the SBP level decreased. baPWV independently predicted the risk of hypertension and BP progression, modified by the level of SBP at baseline in this Chinese community-based population. The combination of baPWV and SBP can help differentiate the potential high-risk candidates who will develop hypertension quickly and benefit from early diagnosis and treatment.

19.
Int J Pharm ; 578: 119043, 2020 Mar 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31962190

RESUMO

This study aimed to develop an evaluation approach for supersaturation by employing an in vitro bio-mimicking apparatus designed to predict in vivo performance. The Biphasic Gastrointestinal Simulator (BGIS) is composed of three chambers with absorption phases that represent the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, respectively. The concentration of apatinib in each chamber was detected by fiber optical probes in situ. The dissolution data and the pharmacokinetic data were correlated by GastroplusTM. The precipitates were characterized by polarizing microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Powder X-ray diffraction and Differential scanning calorimetry. According to the results, Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (CoPVP) prolonged supersaturation by improving solubility and inhibiting crystallization, while Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) prolonged supersaturation by inhibiting crystallization alone. Furthermore, a predictive in vitro-in vivo correlation was established, which confirmed the anti-precipitation effect of CoPVP and HPMC on in vitro performance and in vivo behavior. In conclusion, CoPVP and HPMC increased and prolonged the supersaturation of apatinib, and then improved its bioavailability. Moreover, BGIS was demonstrated to be a significant approach for simulating in vivo conditions for in vitro-in vivo correlation in a supersaturation study. This study presents a promising approach for evaluating supersaturation, screening precipitation inhibitors in vitro, and predicting their performances in vivo.


Assuntos
Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Derivados da Hipromelose , Absorção Intestinal , Povidona/análogos & derivados , Administração Oral , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Duodeno , Derivados da Hipromelose/administração & dosagem , Derivados da Hipromelose/química , Derivados da Hipromelose/farmacocinética , Jejuno , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Povidona/administração & dosagem , Povidona/química , Povidona/farmacocinética , Piridinas/administração & dosagem , Piridinas/sangue , Piridinas/química , Piridinas/farmacocinética , Estômago
20.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm ; 137: 140-147, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30818010

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to apply the phenomenon of liquid jet breakup to the preparation of sustained-release microspheres. The mechanisms of liquid jet breakup in different jet states were investigated and the single factor method was used to study the effect of each process parameter on the particle size and size distribution of microspheres. Meantime, the prepared microspheres were characterized by morphology, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release. The results indicated that the process of liquid jet breakup could have 5 different states. The laminar flow state dominated when the Reynolds number (Re) was low, and the prepared microspheres had larger particle sizes. When the Re was high, the turbulent state was dominant and the microspheres had smaller particle sizes. And during the transition state from the laminar flow to the turbulence, the microspheres had a wide particle size distribution. Different process parameters could affect the particle size and distribution of microspheres by changing the Re, surface tension coefficient and viscosity. The microspheres prepared by liquid jet breakup were smooth and round with the drug loading of 35% and the encapsulation efficiency of 88%. In addition, when the polymeric carrier materials were different, the microspheres could have various drug release models such as sustained release with a lag phase, sustained release with no lag phase, pulsed release and so on, which could be applied widespread in the future.


Assuntos
Portadores de Fármacos/química , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Risperidona/administração & dosagem , Tecnologia Farmacêutica/métodos , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Composição de Medicamentos/métodos , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos , Microesferas , Tamanho da Partícula , Risperidona/química , Tensão Superficial , Viscosidade
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