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IMPORTANCE: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) spliced variants are associated with viral persistence or pathogenicity. Hepatitis B doubly spliced protein (HBDSP), which has been previously reported as a pleiotropic transactivator protein, can potentially serve as an HBV virulence factor. However, the underlying mechanisms of HBDSP in HBV-associated liver diseases remain to be elucidated. In this study, we revealed that HBDSP promotes cellular apoptosis and induces wt-p53-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in wt-p53 hepatocellular cells by transactivating p53 transcription, and increases the release of HBV progeny. Therefore, HBDSP may promote the HBV particles release through wt-p53-dependent hepatocellular apoptosis. Our findings suggest that blocking HBDSP-induced wt-p53-dependent apoptosis might have therapeutic values for chronic hepatitis B.
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Apoptose , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hepatite B , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virologia , Fator de Transcrição GATA2/metabolismo , Hepatite B/complicações , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Vírus da Hepatite B/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , Proteína Proto-Oncogênica c-ets-1/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição YY1/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of Chinese studies evaluating the quality of life (QoL) in young acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients with Marfan syndrome. METHODS: Young adult AAAD patients (younger than 45 years old) underwent surgical treatment at our institution from January 2017 to December 2020 were consecutive enrolled. The hospital survivors completed 1 year of follow up. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of Marfan syndrome (MFS). A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) with a caliper 0.2 was conducted to balance potential bias in baseline. The follow-up data were analyzed primarily for change in quality of life and anxiety status. RESULTS: After PSM, 32 comparable pairs were matched. The baseline data were comparable and postoperative complications were similar between groups. In terms of SF-36 scale, the role physical, bodily pain, role emotional and mental health subscales were no significantly improved in MFS patients over time. At 1 year after discharged, the subscale of mental health and bodily pain were significantly lower in the MFS group than in the non-MFS group. In terms of HADS assessments, the level of anxiety in MFS patients was significantly higher than in non-MFS patients at 1 year after discharged. CONCLUSIONS: The QoL in young AAAD patients with MFS is lower than those without MFS after surgery. This may be associated with the uncontrollable persistent chronic pain and the uncertainty and concerns for the disease's progression.
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Dissecção Aórtica , Síndrome de Marfan , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Marfan/complicações , Síndrome de Marfan/diagnóstico , Qualidade de Vida , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Dor , ChinaRESUMO
A new alkaloid (3), together with three known compounds, were isolated from the Thespesia populnea endophytic fungus TM-Y1-1. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of compound 3 was determined for the first time by ECD calculation and DP4+ analysis. All compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 both exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against banana Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with MIC value of 31.25 µg/ml.
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Alcaloides , Antineoplásicos , Penicillium , Penicillium/química , Alcaloides/química , Fungos , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of strontium in drinking water on blood pressure in hypertensive mice and its possible mechanism. METHODS: Establishment of mouse model of high blood pressure by drinking 2 mg/mL N'nitro-L-arginine methyl eater hydrochloride(L-NAME) for 4 weeks. One hundred ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group(n=20) and model group(n=80) according to systolic blood pressure. Eighty hypertensive mice were randomly divided into model control group(n=20), 2.5 mg/L strontium water group(n=20), 5.0 mg/L strontium water group(n=20) and 10.0 mg/L strontium water group(n=20). The body weight and blood pressure of mice were measured every week. After 10 weeks, serum sodium(Na), potassium(K), calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg), Chlorine(Cl), nitric oxide(NO), renin, angiotensin II(Ang II), aldosterone(ALD), endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), heart interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1 beta(IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were determined. RESULTS: After 10 weeks of intervention, the systolic blood pressure in the low, medium and high strontium water groups(129.60±4.90 mmHg vs.127.33±6.35 mmHg vs.124.70±3.91 mmHg) was significantly lower than that of the model control group(141.84±5.34 mmHg)(P<0.05). The diastolic blood pressure in the high strontium water group(84.74±5.49 mmHg) was significantly lower than that of the model control group(92.21±10.08 mmHg). The contents of serum potassium, calcium and magnesium in medium strontium gourp(8.06±0.80 mmol/L vs.2.34±0.13 mmol/L vs.0.57±0.12 mmol/L) and high strontium group(9.59±0.58 mmol/L vs. 2.37±0.17 mmol/L vs.0.58±0.09 mmol/L) were significantly higher than those in normal control group(6.64±0.57 mmol/L vs.2.07±0.15 mmol/L vs.0.46±0.10 mmol/L) and model control group(6.62±0.53 mmol/L vs.2.09±0.11 mmol/L vs.0.48±0.09 mmol/L)(P<0.05). Compared with model control group, the contents of renin(24.08±6.65 ng/mL vs.15.24±3.88 ng/mL), AngII(263.30±61.66 pg/mL vs.203.31±54.95 pg/mL), ALD(102.41±22.39 pg/mL vs. 60.31±10.83 pg/mL), ICAM-1(367.17±120.08 ng/mL vs.224.45±46.86 ng/mL), IL-6(5.90±0.66 ng/mL vs.3.88±1.08 ng/mL), IL-1ß(6.37±1.83 ng/mL vs.3.44±1.28 ng/mL) and TNF-α(9.35±1.41 ng/mL vs.5.68±2.11 ng/mL) in high strontium group were significantly decreased(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Strontium can reduce the blood pressure of hypertensive mice by regulating the eNOS/NO pathway and reducing the production of inflammatory factors.
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Água Potável , Hipertensão , Animais , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Pressão Sanguínea , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular , Cálcio , Interleucina-6 , Magnésio , Renina , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Cálcio da DietaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We reported 90 cases of thoracoscopic mitral valvuloplasty in its early stages and sought to analyze early clinical outcomes. METHODS: Ninety consecutive patients, who underwent thoracoscopic mitral valvuloplasty at our institute between April 2020 and December 2021, were assessed for outcomes. Clinical data, including baseline characteristics, operative data, postoperative data, and early follow-up results, were collected. The early clinical outcomes were used to assess the reliability and efficiency of this technique. RESULTS: No in-hospital death occurred. One patient underwent a median sternotomy for bleeding. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed no mitral regurgitation in 82 patients and mitral regurgitation of 0-2 cm2 in six. The remaining two patients with mitral regurgitation >2 cm2 experienced serious systolic anterior motion but underwent successful re-valvuloplasty during a second pump-up. the mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 177.1±54.8 min and aortic clamping time, 114.0±44.9 min. Each patient received a prosthetic ring (CG Future™), and 64 patients received artificial chordae with an average of 2.7±1.5 (ranging from 1 to 6) pairs. The mean follow up was 8.8±7.0 (range, 1-22 months), while two patients were lost to follow up. Recurrent severe mitral regurgitation was observed in one patient three months after the operation, and mitral valve replacement was performed via median sternotomy. During follow up, one patient died of upper respiratory tract infection, and one suffered from low cardiac output. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic mitral valvuloplasty is safe and effective and, once surgeons overcome the learning curve, can achieve excellent early clinical outcomes.
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral , Humanos , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Esternotomia/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the disinfection efficacy and mechanism of neutral electrolyzed water(NEW) on Staphylococcus albus. METHODS: The bactericidal effect of NEW was observed through suspension quantitative bactericidal test. In addition, to analyze the mechanism of NEW, the leakage of bacterial contents and enzyme activity were tested, and the damage of bacterial protein and DNA were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: After treated with NEW for 1 min, staphylococcus albus in suspension(2.07×10~7 CFU/mL)were reduced to below the detection limit(<10 CFU/mL), with killing rate >99.999% and killing log value >5. NEW could destroy the integrity of the cell membrane, resulting in the leakage of Ca~(2+), K~+, protein and nucleic acid, and change the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT) and other enzymes, it could also damage protein and DNA. CONCLUSION: NEW can effectively kill Staphylococcus albus in suspension, and its mechanism involves the destruction of cell membrane, bacterial protein and nucleic acid, and the change of enzyme activity.
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Desinfecção , Ácidos Nucleicos , Proteínas de Bactérias , Desinfecção/métodos , Eletrólise/métodos , Staphylococcus , ÁguaRESUMO
In this paper, two new brackish-water species of the macrostomid turbellarian genus Macrostomum, Macrostomum pseudosinense sp. nov. and Macrostomum taurinum sp. nov., collected from coastal water at Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, are described based on morphological, histological, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Macrostomum pseudosinense sp. nov. differs from similar species within the genus in the length of the stylet (152 ± 15.0 µm), diameter of stylet opening (20 ± 4.0 µm proximally; 7 ± 0.5 µm distally), two bends of the stylet, and the non-spiral end of the stylet. Macrostomum taurinum sp. nov. differs from its congeners in the length of the stylet (81 ± 7.4 µm), the stylet bending position and angle (50% and 60°), diameter of stylet proximal opening (15 ± 3.0 µm), sperm with bristles and brush, and the smooth-walled ovaries. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes support the establishments of these two new species. In addition, reciprocal mating behavior of M. pseudosinense sp. nov. was observed and documented.
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DNA de Helmintos/genética , Filogenia , Platelmintos/genética , Animais , China , Feminino , Masculino , Platelmintos/anatomia & histologia , Platelmintos/classificação , RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética , RNA Ribossômico 28S/genética , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, no randomised study has compared postmastectomy hypofractionated radiotherapy with conventional fractionated radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer. This study aimed to determine whether a 3-week schedule of postmastectomy hypofractionated radiotherapy is as efficacious and safe as a 5-week schedule of conventional fractionated radiotherapy. METHODS: This randomised, non-inferiority, open-label, phase 3 study was done in a single academic hospital in China. Patients aged 18-75 years who had undergone mastectomy and had at least four positive axillary lymph nodes or primary tumour stage T3-4 disease were eligible to participate. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) according to a computer-generated central randomisation schedule, without stratification, to receive chest wall and nodal irradiation at a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks (conventional fractionated radiotherapy) or 43·5 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks (hypofractionated radiotherapy). The modified intention-to-treat population (including all eligible patients who underwent randomisation but excluding those who were considered ineligible or withdrew consent after randomisation) was used in primary and safety analyses. The primary endpoint was 5-year locoregional recurrence, and a 5% margin was used to establish non-inferiority (equivalent to a hazard ratio <1·883). This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00793962. FINDINGS: Between June 12, 2008, and June 16, 2016, 820 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the conventional fractionated radiotherapy group (n=414) or hypofractionated radiotherapy group (n=406). 409 participants in the conventional fractionated radiotherapy group and 401 participants in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group were included in the modified intention-to-treat analyses. At a median follow-up of 58·5 months (IQR 39·2-81·8), 60 (7%) patients had developed locoregional recurrence (31 patients in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group and 29 in the conventional fractionated radiotherapy group); the 5-year cumulative incidence of locoregional recurrence was 8·3% (90% CI 5·8-10·7) in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group and 8·1% (90% CI 5·4-10·6) in the conventional fractionated radiotherapy group (absolute difference 0·2%, 90% CI -3·0 to 2·6; hazard ratio 1·10, 90% CI 0·72 to 1·69; p<0·0001 for non-inferiority). There were no significant differences between the groups in acute and late toxicities, except that fewer patients in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group had grade 3 acute skin toxicity than in the conventional fractionated radiotherapy group (14 [3%] of 401 patients vs 32 [8%] of 409 patients; p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION: Postmastectomy hypofractionated radiotherapy was non-inferior to and had similar toxicities to conventional fractionated radiotherapy in patients with high-risk breast cancer. Hypofractionated radiotherapy could provide more convenient treatment and allow providers to treat more patients. FUNDING: National Key Projects of Research and Development of China; the Chinese Academy of Medical Science Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; and Beijing Marathon of Hope, Cancer Foundation of China.
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Neoplasias da Mama/radioterapia , Mama/efeitos da radiação , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Mama/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , China/epidemiologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Mastectomia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Hipofracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Postsurgical patients' oral feeding begins with clear fluids 1-3 days after surgery. This might not be sufficiently nutritious to boost the host immune system and provide sufficient energy in gastric neoplastic patients to achieve the goal of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Our objective was to analyze the significance of early postoperative feeding tubes in boosting patients' immunity and decreasing incidence of overall complications and hospital stay in gastric cancer patients' post-gastrectomy. METHODS: From January 2005 to May 24, 2019, PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for studies involving enteral nutrition (EN) feeding tubes in comparison to parenteral nutrition (PN) in gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric malignancies. Relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD), or standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the effect sizes, and heterogeneity was assessed by using Q and χ2 statistic with their corresponding P values. All the analyses were performed with Review Manager 5.3 and SPSS version 22. RESULTS: Nine randomized trials (n = 1437) and 5 retrospective studies (n = 421) comparing EN feeding tubes and PN were deemed eligible for the pooled analyses, with a categorized time frame of PODs ≥ 7 and PODs < 7. Ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in EN feeding tubes was the only outcome of PODs < 7, which showed significance (MD 0.22, 95% CI 0.18-0.25, P < 0.00001). Regarding other immune indicators, significant outcomes in favor of EN feeding tubes were measured on POD ≥ 7: CD3+ (SMD 1.71; 95% CI 0.70, 2.72; P = 0.0009), CD4+ (MD 5.84; 95% CI 4.19, 7.50; P < 0.00001), CD4+/CD8+ (MD 0.28; 95% CI 0.20; 0.36, P < 0.00001), NK cells (SMD 0.94; 95% CI 0.54, 1.30; P < 0.00001), nutrition values, albumin (SMD 0.63; 95% CI 0.34, 0.91; P < 0.001), prealbumin (SMD 1.00; 95% CI 0.52, 1.48; P < 0.00001), and overall complications (risk ratio 0.73 M-H; fixed; 95% CI 0.58, 0.92; P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: EN feeding tube support is an essential intervention to elevate patients' immunity, depress levels of inflammation, and reduce the risk of complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Enteral nutrition improves the innate immune system and nutrition levels but has no marked significance on certain clinical outcomes. Also, EN reduces the duration of hospital stay and cost, significantly.
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Nutrição Enteral , Nutrição Parenteral , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estado Nutricional/imunologia , Valor Nutritivo/imunologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Prognóstico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Neoplasias Gástricas/imunologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In this era of oxaliplatin-based adjuvant therapy, the optimal sequence in which chemoradiotherapy should be administered for pathological stage N2 rectal cancer is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate this sequence. METHODS: In the primary adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (A-CRT) group (n = 71), postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy was administered before adjuvant chemotherapy. In the primary adjuvant chemotherapy (A-CT) group (n = 43), postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy was administered during or after adjuvant chemotherapy. Postoperative radiotherapy comprised 45-50.4 Gy in 25-28 fractions. Concurrent chemotherapy comprised two cycles of oral capecitabine (1,600 mg/m2) on days 1-14 and 22-35. Patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with four or more cycles of XELOX (oxaliplatin plus capecitabine) or eight or more cycles of FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) were included. RESULTS: Between June 2005 and December 2013, data for 114 qualified rectal cancer patients were analyzed. The percentages of patients in whom treatment failed in the A-CRT and A-CT groups were 33.8% and 16.3%, respectively (p = 0.042). More patients had distant metastases in the A-CRT group than in the A-CT group (32.4% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.028). Multivariate analysis indicated that the sequence in which chemoradiotherapy was administered (A-CT vs. A-CRT) was an independent prognostic factor for both estimated disease-free survival [hazard ratio (HR) 0.345, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.137-0.868, p = 0.024] and estimated distant metastasis-free survival (HR 0.366, 95% CI 0.143-0.938, p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: In pathological stage N2 rectal cancer patients, administering adjuvant chemotherapy before chemoradiotherapy led to a lower rate of treatment failure, especially with respect to distant metastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy prescribed as early as possible might benefit this cohort of patients in this era of oxaliplatin-based adjuvant therapy.
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Quimiorradioterapia Adjuvante/métodos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/métodos , Compostos Organoplatínicos/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Capecitabina/administração & dosagem , Capecitabina/uso terapêutico , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Feminino , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Fluoruracila/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Leucovorina/administração & dosagem , Leucovorina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Compostos Organoplatínicos/uso terapêutico , Oxaliplatina , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of three kinds of drinking water and its possible mechanism on blood pressure of hypertensive mice. METHODS: The water quality parameters were measured for three kinds of drinking water, and the parameters includedtotal dissolved solids( TDS), oxygen consumed( OC), p H, oxidation reduction potential( ORP), electric conductivity( EC), dissolved hydrogen, calcium and magnesium. Establishment of mouse model of high blood pressure by using N'-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride( L-NAME) for 30 days. Then the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group, model control group, group of tap water and group of filtered water. Blood pressure in mice was detected every month. After 3 months, nitric oxide( NO), nitric oxide synthase( NOS), total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD), malondialdehyde( MDA), glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px), endothelin( ET), angiotensin( Ang), aldosterone( ALD), catecholamine( CA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP), interleukin 6( IL-6) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate( c-GMP) in serum of the mice were determined. Simultaneously morphological changes of heart, kidney and thoracic aorta paraffin section were observed. RESULTS: The p H, TDS, OC, EC, calcium and magnesium in filtered water were higher than that of pure and tap water. The negative ORP and great quantities of dissolved hydrogen were found in filtered water; The systolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure(( 106. 24 ± 5. 31) and( 90. 73 ± 4. 99)mm Hg) of filtered water were lower than those of the pure water( 119. 58 ± 6. 08 and 96. 44± 6. 48 mm Hg)( P < 0. 05). The NO(( 87. 05 ± 39. 82) µmol/L) in the mice with filtered water were higher than those of with pure and tap water(( 45. 01 ± 9. 62) and( 46. 56 ±30. 54) µmol/L)( P < 0. 05). Compared with those of the mice with pure water, significant decrease in IL-6(( 201. 42 ± 36. 41) and( 173. 99 ± 114. 96) vs. ( 363. 14 ± 149. 00)pg/m L) and Ang(( 1319. 20 ± 111. 90) and( 1349. 38 ± 180. 15) vs. ( 1736. 17 ±242. 86) ng/L) were observed in mice treated with tap and filtered water( P < 0. 05). The T-SOD and GSH-Px(( 268. 37 ± 12. 25) and( 712. 45 ± 30. 59) U/m L) in the mice with filtered water were significant higher than those of pure water(( 250. 46 ± 15. 60) and( 678. 36 ± 35. 80) U/m L)( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Compared with pure and tap water, filtered water can reduce the blood pressure of the hypertensive mice by antioxidation and anti-inflammatory.
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Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Água Potável , Hipertensão/induzido quimicamente , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Camundongos , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/efeitos adversos , Óxido NítricoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of three kinds of drinking water on learning and memory and hippocampal neurotransmitter of mice. METHODS: Water quality parameters, including total dissolved solid( TDS), total hardness, oxygen consumed( OC), sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and metasilicic acid, were measured for pure water, tap water and natural mineral water. A total of 60 ICR mice( half male and half female) were randomly divided into three groups and fed with pure water( control group), tap water and mineral water for 90 days. After learning-memory abilities were detected with Morris water maze and passive avoidance test, mice were killed and hippocampi were removed immediately to measure contents of acetylcholine( Ach), nitric oxide( NO), glutamic acid( Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid( GABA) and activities of acetylcholinesterase( ACh E), choline acetyltransferase( Ch AT) and total nitric oxide synthase( T-NOS). RESULTS: Water quality parameters were higher in tap water and natural mineral water than in pure water. On the first day of place navigation test, the escape latency of tap water group [( 69. 15 ± 50. 87) s]was obviously shorter than that of pure water group [( 86. 07 ± 44. 03) s]( P < 0. 05), and mice in tap water group chose effect strategies( 51. 25%) more frequently compared to control mice( 30%)( P <0. 05). In the probe trial, the swimming time of the targeted quadrant was significantly longer in tap water group [( 28. 44 ± 10. 17) s] or mineral water group [( 28. 81 ±12. 43) s] than in pure water group [( 19. 84 ± 9. 59) s ]( P < 0. 05). In passive avoidance test, the training latency and testing latency were significantly longer in tap water group [( 60. 27 ± 57. 84) and( 209. 54 ± 121. 41) s] or mineral water group[( 58. 12 ± 42. 52) and( 271. 40 ± 90. 44) s]than in pure water group [( 10. 99 ± 9. 40)and( 72. 77 ± 67. 51) s ]( P < 0. 05), as the frequency of electric shock and the percentage of animals showing errors in tap water group [( 0. 90 ± 0. 88) times and 50%]or mineral water group [( 0. 10 ± 0. 32) times and 20%]were obviously less than those in pure water group [( 5. 00 ± 4. 62) times and 90% ]( P < 0. 05). Compared with pure water group [( 8. 53 ± 2. 12) µg / mg prot and( 0. 94 ± 0. 49) U / mg prot], a significant increase of Ach concentration and a significant decrease of ACh E activity were observed in tap water group [( 11. 18 ± 3. 46) µg / mg prot and( 0. 41 ± 0. 21) U / mg prot]or mineral water group [( 12. 91 ± 3. 91) µg / mg prot and( 0. 54 ± 0. 28) U / mg prot]( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Compared with pure water, long-term drinking tap water or mineral water is more beneficial to learning and memory of mice, and it may be associated with a higher content of hippocampal Ach.
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Água Potável , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Memória/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Feminino , Hipocampo/fisiologia , Aprendizagem , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/fisiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , NeurotransmissoresRESUMO
BACKGROUND & AIMS: To investigate the role of post-operative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients receiving narrow-margin hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located close to the major vessels. METHODS: This exploratory study involved 181 HCC patients. Of them, 116 were treated with narrow-margin (<1.0 cm) hepatectomy. Thirty-three of the 116 underwent postoperative IMRT (Group A), while 83 did not receive radiotherapy (Group B). The remaining 65 patients underwent wide-margin (≥1.0 cm) hepatectomy (Group C). Prognosis and patterns of recurrence were assessed in the three groups. RESULTS: The 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 89.1 and 64.2% in Group A, 67.7 and 52.2% in Group B and 86.0 and 60.1% in Group C respectively. The OS and DFS of Group A and Group C patients surpassed those of Group B patients (Group A vs. B, P = 0.009 and P = 0.038; and Group C vs. B, P = 0.002 and P = 0.010). Patients in Groups A and C experienced significantly fewer early recurrences than did patients in Group B (P = 0.002). Furthermore, patients in Groups A and C experienced substantially fewer intrahepatic marginal (P = 0.048) and diffuse recurrences (P = 0.018) and extrahepatic metastases (P = 0.038) than did patients in Group B. No patient developed radiation-induced liver disease. CONCLUSIONS: Post-operative IMRT following narrow-margin hepatectomy may be a favourable therapy for both its safety profile and clinical benefit in patients with HCC located close to the major vessels.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hepatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Metástase Neoplásica/prevenção & controle , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/prevenção & controle , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , China/epidemiologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Prognóstico , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) has a high probability of postoperative adverse outcomes (PAO) after emergency surgery, so exploring the risk factors for PAO during hospitalization is key to reducing postoperative mortality and improving prognosis. An artificial intelligence approach was used to build a predictive model of PAO by clinical data-driven machine learning to predict the incidence of PAO after total arch repair for AAAD. This study included 380 patients with AAAD. The clinical features that are associated with PAO were selected using the LASSO regression analysis. Six different machine learning algorithms were tried for modeling, and the performance of each model was analyzed comprehensively using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curve, precision recall curve, and decision analysis curves. Explain the optimal model through Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) and perform an individualized risk assessment. After comprehensive analysis, the authors believe that the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model is the optimal model, with better performance than other models. The authors successfully built a prediction model for PAO in AAAD patients based on the XGBoost algorithm and interpreted the model with the SHAP method, which helps to identify high-risk AAAD patients at an early stage and to adjust individual patient-related clinical treatment plans in a timely manner.
Assuntos
Dissecção Aórtica , Hipertensão , Humanos , Inteligência Artificial , Aprendizado de Máquina , Algoritmos , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgiaRESUMO
Objective: This study aims to develop a predictive model for the risk of major adverse events (MAEs) in type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients with malnutrition after surgery, utilizing machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data from AAAD patients with malnutrition who underwent surgical treatment at our center. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, we screened for preoperative and intraoperative characteristic variables. Based on the random forest (RF) algorithm, we constructed a ML predictive model, and further evaluated and interpreted this model. Results: Through LASSO regression analysis and univariate analysis, we ultimately selected seven feature variables for modeling. After comparing six different ML models, we confirmed that the RF model demonstrated the best predictive performance in this dataset. Subsequently, we constructed a model using the RF algorithm to predict the risk of postoperative MAEs in AAAD patients with malnutrition. The test set results indicated that this model has excellent predictive efficacy and clinical applicability. Finally, we employed the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method to further interpret the predictions of this model. Conclusion: We have successfully constructed a risk prediction model for postoperative MAEs in AAAD patients with malnutrition using the RF algorithm, and we have interpreted the model through the SHAP method. This model aids clinicians in early identification of high-risk patients for MAEs, thereby potentially mitigating adverse clinical outcomes associated with malnutrition.
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This study aimed to establish a predictive model for the risk of post-thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) post-implantation syndrome (PIS) in type B aortic dissection (TBAD) patients, assisting clinical physicians in early risk stratification and decision management for high-risk PIS patients. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 547 consecutive TBAD patients who underwent TEVAR treatment at our hospital. Feature variables were selected through LASSO regression and logistic regression analysis to construct a nomogram predictive model, and the model's performance was evaluated. The optimal cutoff value for the PIS risk nomogram score was calculated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, further dividing patients into high-risk group (HRG) and low-risk group (LRG), and comparing the short to midterm postoperative outcomes between the two groups. In the end, a total of 158 cases (28.9%) experienced PIS. Through LASSO regression analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis, variables including age, emergency surgery, operative time, contrast medium volume, and number of main prosthesis stents were selected to construct the nomogram predictive model. The model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 in the training set and 0.82 in the test set. Results from calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC) demonstrated that the predictive model exhibited good performance and clinical utility. Furthermore, after comparing the postoperative outcomes of HRG and LRG patients, we found that the incidence of postoperative PIS significantly increased in HRG patients. The duration of ICU stay and mechanical assistance time was prolonged, and the incidence of postoperative type II entry flow and acute kidney injury (AKI) was higher. The risk of aortic-related adverse events (ARAEs) and major adverse events (MAEs) at the first and twelfth months of follow-up also significantly increased. However, there was no significant difference in the mortality rate during hospitalization. This study established a nomogram model for predicting the risk of PIS in patients with TBAD undergoing TEVAR. It serves as a practical tool to assist clinicians in early risk stratification and decision-making management for patients.
Assuntos
Aorta Torácica , Dissecção Aórtica , Correção Endovascular de Aneurisma , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Correção Endovascular de Aneurisma/efeitos adversos , Nomogramas , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Curva ROC , SíndromeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the early- and mid-term outcomes of aortic root repair and replacement, and to provide evidence to improve root management in acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD). METHODS: This study enrolled 455 patients who underwent AAAD root repair (n = 307) or replacement (n = 148) between January 2016 and December 2017. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to control for treatment selection bias. The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, mid-term survival, and proximal aortic reintervention. RESULTS: The success rate of root repair was 99.7%. The in-hospital mortality in the conservative root repair (CRR) and aggressive root replacement (ARR) were 8.1% and 10.8%. The median follow-up time was 67.76 months (IQR, 67-72 months). After adjusting for baseline factors, there was no significant differences in mid-term survival (p = .750) or the proximal aortic reintervention rate (p = .550) between the two groups. According to Cox analysis, age, hypertension, severe aortic regurgitation, CPB time, and concomitant CABG were all factors associated with mid-term mortality. Regarding reintervention, multivariate analysis identified renal insufficiency, bicuspid aortic valve, root diameter ≥ 45 mm, and severe aortic regurgitation as risk factors, while CRR did not increase the risk of reintervention. The subgroup analysis revealed heterogeneity in the effects of surgical treatment across diverse populations based on a variety of risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with AAAD, both CRR and ARR are appropriate operations with promising early and mid-term outcomes. The effects of treatment show heterogeneity across diverse populations based on various risk factors.
Assuntos
Dissecção Aórtica , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/mortalidade , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Resultado do Tratamento , Doença Aguda , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/mortalidade , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico , Implante de Prótese Vascular/métodos , Gerenciamento ClínicoRESUMO
Background: The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) is a novel inflammatory-immune biological marker that has prognostic value in various cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the relationship between SIRI and short-term and long-term prognosis in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) underwent surgical treatment. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with AAAD who underwent emergency surgical treatment at our center. Through multifactorial logistics regression analysis and cox proportional hazards regression analysis, we identified SIRI as an independent risk factor for major adverse events (MAEs) and long-term aorta-related adverse events (ARAEs) post-surgery. The optimal cutoff value of preoperative SIRI was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and patients were divided into low SIRI group and high SIRI group. The prognostic outcomes at different time points post-surgery for the two groups of patients were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and the significance was determined by log-rank test. Results: A total of 691 AAAD patients were included in this study. Among them, 50 patients (7.2%) died within 30 days post-surgery, and 175 patients (25.3%) experienced MAEs. A total of 641 patients were followed up, with an average follow-up time of 33.5 ± 17.5 months, during which 113 patients (17.6%) experienced ARAEs. The results of multifactorial logistics regression analysis and cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that SIRI was an independent risk factor for postoperative MAEs (OR=3.148, 95%CI[1.650-6.006], p<0.001) and ARAEs (HR=2.248, 95%CI[1.050-4.809], p<0.037). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the MAEs-free survival in the high SIRI group was significantly lower than that in the low SIRI group, and a similar trend was observed in the ARAEs-free survival during follow-up (log-rank test, p<0.001). Conclusion: Preoperative SIRI is significantly associated with the short-term and long-term prognosis of AAAD patients underwent emergency open surgery, demonstrating its valuable prognostic value. Therefore, preoperative SIRI is a reliable biological marker that can serve as a valuable tool for preoperative risk stratification and decision management.
Assuntos
Dissecção Aórtica , Humanos , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/mortalidade , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Biomarcadores/sangue , Aneurisma Aórtico/cirurgia , Aneurisma Aórtico/mortalidade , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Doença Aguda , Período Pré-OperatórioRESUMO
The age, creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) score has been accepted as a predictor of poor outcome in elective operations. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of ACEF score in acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients after total arch replacement. A total of 227 AAAD patients from July 2021 and June 2022 were enrolled and divided into Tertiles 1 (ACEF ≤ 0.73), Tertiles 2 (0.73 < ACEF ≤ 0.95), and Tertiles 3 (ACEF > 0.95). Using inverse probability processing weighting (IPTW) to balance the baseline characteristics and compare the outcomes. Cox logistic regression was used to further evaluate the survival prediction ability of ACEF score. The in-hospital mortality was 9.8%. After IPTW, in the baseline characteristics reached an equilibrium, a higher ACEF score before operation still associated with higher in-hospital mortality. After 1 year follow-up, 184 patients (90.6%) survival. Multivariable analysis revealed that ACEF score (adjusted hazard ratio 1.68; 95% confidence interval 1.34-4.91; p = 0.036) and binary ACEF score (adjusted HR 2.26; 95% CI 1.82-6.20; p < 0.001) was independently associated with 1-year survival. In addition, net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated differentiation improvement (IDI) verified that the ACEF score and binary ACEF score is an accurate predictive tool in clinical settings. In conclusions, ACEF score could be considered as a useful tool to risk stratification in patients with AAAD before operation in daily clinical work.
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Dissecção Aórtica , Creatinina , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/mortalidade , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Creatinina/sangue , Idoso , Volume Sistólico , Fatores Etários , Prognóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/mortalidadeRESUMO
The purposes of this study are to evaluate prognosis in patients with locoregionally recurrent extranodal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) and to determine the value of salvage radiotherapy. Forty-two patients with NKTCL who developed first locoregional recurrence with (n = 13) or without (n = 29) systemic failure were reviewed. Retreatment included chemotherapy (n = 20), radiotherapy (n = 13), and radiotherapy plus chemotherapy (n = 9). Fifteen patients were reirradiated for localized recurrent disease. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate after recurrence was 40 %, with a median survival of 26 months. The 2-year OS rate and median OS were 68 % and 36 months for locoregional recurrence only, compared with 31 % and 14 months for both locoregional and systemic recurrence, respectively (p = 0.034). Subgroup analysis for patients with localized recurrent disease revealed an improved OS with radiotherapy. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates were 77 and 69 % for radiotherapy, respectively, compared with a 2-year OS rate of 50 % and median OS of 16 months for chemotherapy alone (p = 0.006). Patients with localized recurrence had a better prognosis than those with systemic recurrence. Salvage radiotherapy or reirradiation resulted in a favorable prognosis for patients with localized recurrent disease.