The knockout of urea transporter-B improves the hemorheological properties of erythrocyte.

OBJECTIVE: Urea transporter-B (UT-B), highly expressed in erythrocyte, confers specific permeability to urea, urea analogues and water. The purpose of this study was to determine the hemorheological properties of UT-B null erythrocyte using a series of biophysical techniques. METHODS AND RESULTS: The blood was taken from UT-B knockout and wild-type mice and the hemorheological parameters were measured. The UT-B inhibitor, PU-14, was used to treat the erythrocyte of wild-type mice in vitro and the deformability of the treated erythrocyte was analyzed. The results showed that UT-B knockout improves the hemorheological properties of erythrocyte, including increased erythrocyte deformation index, small deformation index, orientation index, low osmotic fragility and high electrophoretic rate. The UT-B inhibitor PU-14 had the similar effect as UT-B knockout on the deformation indices. The whole blood viscosity in UT-B knockout mice showed reduction trend as compared to wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that UT-B is involved in the regulation of hemorheology, which suggests that UT-B may be a potential therapeutic target for improving the hemorheology in some metabolic and hereditary diseases.

[The diagnosis and management for child cervical and thoracic angio lymphoma (3 cases report)].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of child cervical and thoracic angio lymphoma. METHOD: Three cases of huge cervicothoracic angio lymphoma were performed by cervicothoracic approach and median split of sternum under general anesthesia. RESULT: The pathological diagnosis of three cases were angio lymphoma, and there was no recurrence and complication during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: The tumor could be fully exposed by cervicothoracic approach operation, which was the basic guarantee for completely revealed tumor, and no recurrence was found. Other treatment should not be recommend for huge cervicothoracic angio lymphoma.

[Recent progress on diagnosis and treatment of benign symmetric lipomatosis].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce recent progress on diagnosis and treatment of benign symmetric lipomatosis (BSL). METHOD: Detailed clinical data of 6 patients with BSL were reviewed and analyzed. We present a summary of the clinical symptoms, physical sign, diagnosis and therapeutic methods of BSL. And related literatures were discussed together. RESULT: All of 6 patients have excessive subcutaneous fat deposit predominantly around neck. One patients had upper extremity localizations. Six patients had the complication of left ventricular diastolic function changes, glucose intolerance or diabetes mellitus, chronic hepatopathy, hyperuricemia and sleep apnea syndrome in one or more. One patients with several symptoms occur simultaneously, another one female patient was accompanied by all symptoms but chronic hepatopathy. Five male patient were alcohol abusers. Total neck lipectomy and abstinence from alcohol were performed on 5 patients. One patient refused treatment. During a follow-up of 3 months to 4 years, one patients was relapsed again, and no recurrence was seen in another 4 patients. All patho logical results were nonencapsulated fat. CONCLUSION: BSL is a lipodystrophy caused by diffuse fatty tissue, symmetry deposition in the neck and shoulder subcutaneous fascia space or deep fascial space. The highest incidence favors to middle-aged man who is alcoholic. Chronic alcohol addiction and typical clinical symptoms help to diagnosis BSL. Lipectomy represents a successful procedure in treating BSL.

[Diagnosis and treatment of cervical Castleman disease presenting as a neck mass].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of Castleman disease (CD). METHODS: Clinical features and related information on diagnosis and treatment of eight cases of CD were retrospectively analyzed. The size of involved lymph nodes ranged from (2 cm x 2 cm x 3 cm) - (4 cm x 3 cm x 2 cm). The lymph nodes were found in level I (1 case), level II (3 cases), level III (3 cases) and level IV (1 case). CT examination in eight patients showed the lesions manifested as ellipse soft masses. Dynamic contrast CT scan in four patients showed ring-enhanced area around the masses. Blood routine examination in eight patients were generally normal, with six patients had mild anemia. RESULTS: Based on the clinical classification, all lesions in this group were localized CD. Histopathology indicated that all lesions were of hyaline-vascular type. After surgery, there was no recurrence during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with localized CD mainly have lymphadenectasis in a single location. The CT scan can give some evidence. Surgery should be given first priority.

[The relationship between spontaneous apoptosis and radiation-induced apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the change of laryngeal carcinoma cell apoptosis before and after radiotherapy. METHOD: Living tissue of diseased region obtained from 27 cases of laryngeal carcinoma before and during radiotherapy 10, 30 and 60 Gy were used in this study. With terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), the spontaneous and radiation-induced apoptotic rate (AR)were examined. RESULT: The AR of living tissue of laryngeal carcinoma before and during radiotherapy 10, 30 and 60 Gy were (21.0 +/- 0.7)%, (60.0 +/- 1.5)%, (42.0 +/- 1.3)%, (25.0 +/- 1.9)%, respectively. The radiation-induced apoptotic rate was significantly higher than that of spontaneous apoptotic rate (P< 0 . 5). In laryngeal carcinoma, spontaneous apoptosis was positively correlated with the radiation-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Detecting of AR of laryngeal carcinoma cells before and during radiotherapy may be helpful to predict the sensitivity of radiotherapy in laryngeal carcinoma patients.

[Application of coblation assisted upper-airway procedure to obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and the value of CAUP in treatment of OSAHS. METHOD: CAUP and the dissection of palatopharyngeus muscle were performed by RFVTR . One hundred and sixty-eight patients with OSAHS treated by CAUP from July 2001 to July 2004 were summarized. Among them, 52 patients were analyzed by PSG after 1 year of the operation. RESULT: All the operative procedure were carried out smoothly with excellent patient tolerance. Post-operation complications were foreign body feeling in oral cavity. No velopalatal insufficiency occurred. The efficient rate was 94.2% after 1 year of the operation according to the PSG results. CONCLUSION: CAUP is a simple, safe,repeatable and acceptable surgical procedure and it was developing with excellent value in the treatment of OSAHS on the basic of accurate X-ray imaging.

[Functional and pathological study of intranasal absorption of insulin aided by azone].

OBJECTIVE: To distinguish the different permeation function between sodium glycocholic acid (SGC) and Azone, and study the pathological changes induced by Azone on nasal mucosa. METHODS: Insulin was given intravenouslly at the dose of 4.0 U. The blood samples were determined by radioimmunity method. SGC or Azone was administered respectively via nasal route with Insulin 270 U/ml. Insulin nasal drops 10 microL were given to each of rabbits via nasal route. The Azone 50 microL was administered via nasal route, t.i.d., lasted for 1 week and 3 months. RESULTS: The level of blood Insulin was as follows: (3,954.47 +/- 644.47) mU/L, AUC = (1,264.87 +/- 148.00) mU.L-1.min-1 x 10(-3) in i.v. group; (740.44 +/- 94.16) mU/L, AUC = (298.02 +/- 63) mU.L-1.min-1 x 10(-3) in SGC group; (908.18 +/- 201.19) mU/L, AUC = (596.92 +/- 84.00) mU.L-1.min-1 x 10(-3) in Azone group. The bioavailability was 23.56% and 47.19% respectively. The pathological changes included cilia detachment from epithelium, glandular hypertrophy and connective tissue proliferation. CONCLUSION: It was found that Azone was an excellent permeation enhance which promoted more Insulin to be absorbed into blood stream through nasal mucosa. However, Azone also damaged the nasal mucosa in the view of pathology.