RESUMO
CONTEXT: S-Propargyl-cysteine (SPRC), an endogenous H2S modulator, exerts anti-inflammatory effects on cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, but it remains unknown whether SPRC can prevent autoimmune hepatitis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preventive effect of SPRC on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced liver injury and uncover the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were randomly divided into five groups: control, Con A, SPRC (5 and 10 mg/kg injected intravenously once a day for 7 days), and propargylglycine (PAG; 50 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally 0.5 h before SPRC for 7 days). All mice except the controls were intravenously injected with Con A (20 mg/kg) on day 7. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were evaluated using kits. Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) in the blood and in the liver were detected by ELISA Kit and real-time PCR, respectively. The expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway proteins (p-JNK and p-Akt) and apoptosis proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) was detected using western blotting. RESULTS: SPRC reduced the levels of AST (p < 0.05) and ALT (p < 0.01) and decreased the release of the inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, SPRC increased H2S level (p < 0.05) and promoted cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) expression (p < 0.05). SPRC inhibited the MAPK pathway activation and the apoptosis pathway. All the effects of SPRC were blocked by the CSE inhibitor PAG. CONCLUSIONS: SPRC prevents Con A-induced liver injury in mice by promoting CSE expression and producing endogenous H2S. The mechanisms include reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines, attenuating MAPK pathway activation, and alleviating apoptosis.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Crônica Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Animais , Concanavalina A/toxicidade , Cisteína/farmacologia , Citocinas , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , CamundongosRESUMO
Hypoxic/ischemic insult, a leading cause of functional brain defects, has been extensively studied in both clinical and experimental animal research, including its etiology, neuropathogenesis, and pharmacological interventions. Transient sublethal hypoxia (TSH) is a common clinical occurrence in the perinatal period. However, its effect on early developing brains remains poorly understood. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of TSH on the dendrite and dendritic spine formation, neuronal and synaptic activity, and cognitive behavior of early postnatal Day 1 rat pups. While TSH showed no obvious effect on gross brain morphology, neuron cell density, or glial activation in the hippocampus, we found transient hypoxia did cause significant changes in neuronal structure and function. In brains exposed to TSH, hippocampal neurons developed shorter and thinner dendrites, with decreased dendritic spine density, and reduced strength in excitatory synaptic transmission. Moreover, TSH-treated rats showed impaired cognitive performance in spatial learning and memory. Our findings demonstrate that TSH in newborn rats can cause significant impairments in synaptic formation and function, and long-lasting brain functional deficits. Therefore, this study provides a useful animal model for the study of TSH on early developing brains and to explore potential pharmaceutical interventions for patients subjected to TSH insult.
Assuntos
Espinhas Dendríticas/metabolismo , Espinhas Dendríticas/patologia , Hipóxia/patologia , Hipóxia/fisiopatologia , Memória , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Córtex Cerebral/metabolismo , Feminino , Hipocampo/patologia , Hipocampo/fisiologia , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto , Plasticidade Neuronal , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Aprendizagem EspacialRESUMO
Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) is an indole alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophyll (UR) that has been used for the treatment of epilepsy in traditional Chinese medicine. An early study in a glutamate-induced mouse seizure model demonstrated that GM was one of the active ingredients of UR. In this study, electrophysiological technique was used to explore the mechanism underlying the antiepileptic activity of GM. We first showed that GM (1-30 µmol/L) dose-dependently suppressed the spontaneous firing and prolonged the action potential duration in cultured mouse and rat hippocampal neurons. Given the pivotal roles of ion channels in regulating neuronal excitability, we then examined the effects of GM on both voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels in rat hippocampal neurons. We found that GM is an inhibitor of multiple neuronal channels: GM potently inhibited the voltage-gated sodium (NaV), calcium (CaV), and delayed rectifier potassium (IK) currents, and the ligand-gated nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) currents with IC50 values in the range of 1.3-13.3 µmol/L. In contrast, GM had little effect on the voltage-gated transient outward potassium currents (IA) and four types of ligand-gated channels (γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate/kainite (AMPA/KA receptors)). The in vivo antiepileptic activity of GM was validated in two electricity-induced seizure models. In the maximal electroshock (MES)-induced mouse seizure model, oral administration of GM (50-100 mg/kg) dose-dependently suppressed generalized tonic-clonic seizures. In 6-Hz-induced mouse seizure model, oral administration of GM (100 mg/kg) reduced treatment-resistant seizures. Thus, we conclude that GM is a promising antiepileptic candidate that inhibits multiple neuronal channels.
Assuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Alcaloides Indólicos/farmacologia , Ativação do Canal Iônico/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Canais de Cálcio , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eletrochoque , Ativação do Canal Iônico/genética , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
We investigate whether ß-carotene, a known natural antioxidant, can reduce oxidative stress induced by traumatic brain injury. In addition, we investigated the underlying mechanism of traumatic brain injury focusing on the NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) pathway. A controlled cortical impact model was used to mimic traumatic brain injury. Using this model, we evaluated brain edema, lesion volume, neurologic deficits, reactive oxygen species, and the expression of Nrf2-related protein markers. The results of our study demonstrated that cognitive performance and neural functions were improved with ß-carotene administration. In addition, ß-carotene reduced brain edema and reactive oxygen species levels after traumatic brain injury. Nrf2 nuclear accumulation was increased and was accompanied by decreased Keap1 expression. The expression of quinone oxidoreductase 1, a target gene of the Nrf2 signaling pathway was increased. However, lesion volume was not significantly reduced after ß-carotene treatment. Taken together, our data demonstrated that ß-carotene administration was neuroprotective and alleviated oxidative stress by modulating the Nrf2/Keap1- mediated antioxidant pathway in the traumatic brain injury model.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/metabolismo , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/prevenção & controle , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , beta Caroteno/administração & dosagem , Animais , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Encéfalo/patologia , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Bilirubin-related adverse reactions (ADR, e.g., jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia) induced by herbs rich in certain polyphenolic acids are widely reported. However, the causes and the mechanisms underlying these ADR are not well understood. The purpose of this article is to determine the mechanism by which certain polyphenolic acids inhibit UGT1A1-mediated bilirubin glucuronidation, leading to jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia. We investigated in vitro inhibitory effects on bilirubin glucuronidation of salvianolic acid A (SAA), salvianolic acid B (SAB), danshensu (DSS), protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), and rosmarinic acid (RA), as well as two Salvia miltiorrhiza injections (DSI and CDI) rich in polyphenolic acids. The results showed that average formation rates of three bilirubin glucuronides displayed a significant difference (p < 0.05) and the formation of monoglucuronide was favored regardless if an inhibitor was present or not. SAA, SAB, DSI, and CDI, but not DSS, PA, and RA, significantly inhibited human UGT1A1-mediated bilirubin glucuronidation via a mixed-type inhibitory mechanism. Average IC50 values of SAA, SAB, DSI, and CDI-mediated inhibition of bilirubin glucuronidation were bilirubin concentration-dependent, and their values (against total bilirubin glucuronidation) were in the range 0.44 ± 0.02 to 0.86 ± 0.04 µg/mL (for SAA), 4.22 ± 0.30 to 12.50 ± 0.93 µg/mL (for SAB), 9.29 ± 0.76 to 18.82 ± 0.63 µg/mL (for DSI), and 9.18 ± 2.00 to 22.36 ± 1.39 µg/mL (for CDI), respectively. In conclusion, SAA and its analog SAB are the main ingredients responsible for inhibition of bilirubin glucuronidation by DSI and CDI, whose use is associated with many high bilirubin-related ADR.
Assuntos
Benzofuranos/metabolismo , Bilirrubina/análogos & derivados , Ácidos Cafeicos/metabolismo , Glucuronosiltransferase/metabolismo , Lactatos/metabolismo , Polifenóis/metabolismo , Benzaldeídos/metabolismo , Bilirrubina/metabolismo , Catecóis/metabolismo , Cinamatos/metabolismo , Depsídeos/metabolismo , Humanos , Cinética , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Salvia miltiorrhiza/química , Ácido RosmarínicoRESUMO
Pheochromocytomas and left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) are both rare diseases. In this patient, the long duration of the catecholamine-secreted pheochromocytoma caused myocardial ischemia, pressure overload, and hypertrophy, resulting in the onset of heart failure (HF). The LVNC might be associated with the acute attack of HF induced by the pheochromocytoma. This is the first case reporting LVNC in combination with HF secondary to pheochromocytoma.
Assuntos
Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/complicações , Epinefrina/sangue , Insuficiência Cardíaca/complicações , Miocárdio Ventricular não Compactado Isolado/complicações , Feocromocitoma/complicações , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/metabolismo , Adulto , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/sangue , Humanos , Miocárdio Ventricular não Compactado Isolado/diagnóstico por imagem , Miocárdio Ventricular não Compactado Isolado/fisiopatologia , Imagem Cinética por Ressonância Magnética , Feocromocitoma/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: Sodium 9-acetoxyltanshinone IIA sulfonate (ZY-1A4), a novel compound derived from sodium 9-hydroxyltanshinone IIA sulfonate, was synthesized with potential biological activities. This study aimed to explore the effects of ZY-1A4 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammatory response and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Activation of RAW264.7 macrophages was induced by LPS. The effects of ZY-1A4 on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, nitric oxide (NO) generation, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway were evaluated to elucidate its underlying mechanisms on inflammatory responses. RESULTS: ZY-1A4 concentration-dependently reduced iNOS expression and NO production, and inhibited c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) phosphorylation and NF-κB activation in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In addition, ZY-1A4 concentration- and time-dependently induced HO-1 expression associated with degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, while the effect of ZY-1A4 was abolished by a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. Intriguingly, pharmacological inactivation of HO-1 with zinc protoporphyrin IX reversed anti-inflammatory effect of ZY- 1A4, but the anti-inflammatory effect of ZY-1A4 was largely mimicked by HO-1 by-products carbon monoxide and bilirubin. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of ZY-1A4 on LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO release was abolished by HO-1 siRNA or LY294002. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that ZY-1A4 suppressed LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO generation via modulation of NF-κB activation and HO-1 expression. This new finding might shed light to the prevention and therapy of cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Heme Oxigenase-1/imunologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/imunologia , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenantrenos/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Linhagem Celular , Heme Oxigenase-1/genética , Macrófagos/imunologia , Camundongos , NF-kappa B/imunologia , Óxido Nítrico/imunologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/imunologia , Fenantrenos/química , Salvia miltiorrhiza/química , Transdução de Sinais , Regulação para Cima/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Increasing evidence suggests that cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase 2 (CNDP2) appears to do more than just perform an enzymatic activity; it is functionally important in cancers as well. Here, we show that the expression of CNDP2 is commonly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues. The ectopic expression of CNDP2 resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and suppressed gastric tumor growth in nude mice. We further revealed that the reintroduction of CNDP2 transcriptionally upregulated p38 and activated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), whereas the loss of CNDP2 increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK). These results suggest that CNDP2 acts as a functional tumor suppressor in gastric cancer via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.
Assuntos
Dipeptidases/genética , Dipeptidases/metabolismo , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Animais , Apoptose , Ciclo Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Análise Serial de Tecidos , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the application of degrading multi-enzymes from Ganoderma lucidum in extracting effective constituents from fibrous roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. METHOD: Effective constituents were extracted from fibrous roots by degrading multi-enzymes of wood fiber. The enzymatic parameters were optimized by the orthogonal design. RESULT: The extraction efficiencies of total tanshinones and total salvianolic acids in the extracts of fibrous roots of S. miltiorrhiza was obtained using optimum enzymolysis process reached 11.923%, 12.465%, respectively, which were 62.794%, 56.086% more than that by conventional non-enzymatic hydrolysis. CONCLUSION: Degrading multi-enzymes of wood fiber can be used to fully extract effective constituents from fibrous roots of S. miltiorrhiza, which provides a new approach for recycling wastes of traditional Chinese medicines.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/química , Reishi/enzimologia , Salvia miltiorrhiza/química , Abietanos/isolamento & purificação , Abietanos/metabolismo , Alcenos/isolamento & purificação , Alcenos/metabolismo , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Polifenóis/isolamento & purificação , Polifenóis/metabolismo , Temperatura , Madeira/enzimologiaRESUMO
Background: Dysregulation of long non-coding (lncRNA) has been reported in various solid tumors. HOXA cluster antisense RNA 2 (HOXA-AS2) is a newly identified lncRNA with abnormal expression in several human malignancies. However, its prognostic value remains controversial. This meta-analysis synthesized available data to clarify the association between HOXA-AS2 expression levels and clinical prognosis in multiple cancers. Methods: Four public databases (Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library) were used to identify eligible studies. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to assess the correlation of HOXA-AS2 expression with survival outcomes and clinicopathological features of cancer patients. Publication bias was measured using Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression test, and the stability of the combined results was measured using sensitivity analysis. Additionally, multiple public databases were screened and extracted to validate the results of this meta-analysis. Results: The study included 20 studies, containing 1331 patients. The meta-analysis showed that the overexpression of HOXA-AS2 was associated with poor overall survival (HR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.58-2.69, p < 0.001). In addition, the high expression of HOXA-AS2 could forecast advanced tumor stage (OR = 3.89, 95% CI 2.90-5.21, p < 0.001), earlier lymph node metastasis (OR = 3.48, 95% CI 2.29-5.29, p < 0.001), larger tumor size (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.52-3.66, p < 0.001) and earlier distant metastasis (OR = 3.54, 95% CI 2.00-6.28, p < 0.001). However, other clinicopathological features, including age (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.86-1.38, p = 0.467), gender (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.72-1.18, p = 0.496), depth of invasion (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 0.77-5.90, p = 0.146) and differentiation (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.65-1.59, p = 0.945) were not significantly different from HOXA-AS2 expression. Conclusion: Our study showed that the overexpression of HOXA-AS2 was related to poor overall survival and clinicopathological features. HOXA-AS2 may serve as a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for tumor treatment.
RESUMO
Cytokine storm and multi-organ failure are the main causes of SARS-CoV-2-related death. However, the origin of excessive damages caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains largely unknown. Here we show that the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (2-E) protein alone is able to cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-like damages in vitro and in vivo. 2-E proteins were found to form a type of pH-sensitive cation channels in bilayer lipid membranes. As observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, heterologous expression of 2-E channels induced rapid cell death in various susceptible cell types and robust secretion of cytokines and chemokines in macrophages. Intravenous administration of purified 2-E protein into mice caused ARDS-like pathological damages in lung and spleen. A dominant negative mutation lowering 2-E channel activity attenuated cell death and SARS-CoV-2 production. Newly identified channel inhibitors exhibited potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and excellent cell protective activity in vitro and these activities were positively correlated with inhibition of 2-E channel. Importantly, prophylactic and therapeutic administration of the channel inhibitor effectively reduced both the viral load and secretion of inflammation cytokines in lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE-2). Our study supports that 2-E is a promising drug target against SARS-CoV-2.
Assuntos
Antivirais/metabolismo , COVID-19/patologia , Proteínas do Envelope de Coronavírus/metabolismo , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/etiologia , SARS-CoV-2/metabolismo , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2/genética , Animais , Antivirais/química , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Apoptose , COVID-19/complicações , COVID-19/virologia , Proteínas do Envelope de Coronavírus/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas do Envelope de Coronavírus/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Pulmão/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Transgênicos , Mutagênese Sítio-Dirigida , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , SARS-CoV-2/patogenicidade , Baço/metabolismo , Baço/patologia , Carga Viral , Virulência , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19RESUMO
In the present study, we investigated the role of lncRNA mus distal-less homeobox 6 antisense 1 (DLX6-AS1) during cerebral impairment induced by stroke. DLX6-AS1 levels were upregulated during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and downregulation of DLX6-AS1 reduced acute injury and ameliorated long-term neurological impairments induced by cerebral I/R in mice. Additionally, silencing of DLX6-AS1 significantly decreased the neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, inhibition of miRNA-149-3p led to enhance the apoptosis, which confirmed that DLX6-AS1 could sponge miR-149-3p. Finally, BOK was predicted to be the target of miR-149-3p using TargetScanVert software. And the silencing of DLX6-AS1 inhibited BOK expression both in vivo and in vitro, which was reversed by a miR-149-3p inhibitor. At meantime, BOK promoted OGD/R induced apoptosis in N2a cells. Therefore, this suggests that miR-149-3p sponging by DLX6-AS1 may lead to cerebral neuron I/R-induced impairments through upregulation of apoptotic BOK activity, which offers a new approach to the treatment of stroke impairment.
Assuntos
Comportamento Animal , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/terapia , Neurônios/metabolismo , Interferência de RNA , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Terapêutica com RNAi , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/prevenção & controle , Animais , Apoptose , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/genética , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/metabolismo , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/psicologia , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Teste do Labirinto Aquático de Morris , Atividade Motora , Neurônios/patologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/genética , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/psicologiaRESUMO
Aims: Endothelial dysfunction appears in early diabetes mellitus partially because of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) abnormal activation and downstream oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine whether Y396, a synthesized analog of rhynchophylline, could protect against endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and the underlying molecular mechanism. Results: Y396 could directly target the EGFR and inhibit its phosphorylation induced by high glucose and EGF, downstream translocation to the nucleus of E2F1, and its transcriptional activity and expression of Nox4. Diabetes-induced endothelium malfunction was ameliorated by Y396 treatment through EGFR inhibition. Downstream oxidative stress was decreased by Y396 in the aortas of type 1 diabetes mellitus mice and primary rat aorta endothelial cells (RAECs). Y396 could also ameliorate tunicamycin-induced oxidative stress in the aorta and RAECs. In addition, we again determined the protective effects of Y396 on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Innovation: This is the first study to demonstrate that Y396, a novel rhynchophylline analog, suppressed high-glucose-induced endothelial malfunction both in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting abnormal phosphorylation of EGFR. Our work uncovered EGFR as a novel therapeutic target and Y396 as a potential therapy against diabetes-induced complication. Conclusion: Y396 could directly bind with EGFR, and inhibit its phosphorylation and downstream E2F1 transcriptional activity. It could also preserve tunicamycin-evoked endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. It could protect against diabetes-induced endothelium malfunction in vivo through EGFR inhibition and downstream oxidative stress. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 32, 743-765.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores ErbB/antagonistas & inibidores , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Administração Oral , Animais , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/metabolismo , Aorta/patologia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/induzido quimicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/induzido quimicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/induzido quimicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Endotélio Vascular/patologia , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Glucose/antagonistas & inibidores , Hipoglicemiantes/administração & dosagem , Hipoglicemiantes/química , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/administração & dosagem , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estreptozocina/antagonistas & inibidores , Tunicamicina/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and both cardiac necroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) have been involved in the pathophysiology of AMI. ZYZ-803 is a hybrid molecule of a dual donor for gasotransmitters H2S and NO. The aim of the present study is to investigate the antinecroptosis role and potential mechanisms of ZYZ-803 in the setting of ERS during AMI injury. In vivo, ZYZ-803 preserves cardiac function and reduces infarct size significantly after 24-hour left coronary artery ligation through revising H2S and NO imbalance. In addition, ZYZ-803 relieves ERS and necroptosis in an AMI heart. In vitro, ZYZ-803 ameliorates ERS-related necroptosis induced by tunicamycin, and such effect has been depending on the receptor-interacting protein 3- (RIP3-) Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) signaling pathway. These findings have identified a novel antinecroptosis potential of ZYZ-803, providing a valuable candidate for cardioprotection in acute myocardial ischemia.
Assuntos
Proteína Quinase Tipo 2 Dependente de Cálcio-Calmodulina/metabolismo , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/efeitos dos fármacos , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Oxidiazóis/farmacologia , Proteína Serina-Treonina Quinases de Interação com Receptores/metabolismo , Doença Aguda , Animais , Cardiotônicos/farmacologia , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Infarto do Miocárdio/genética , Infarto do Miocárdio/metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Necroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Doadores de Óxido Nítrico/farmacologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , TransfecçãoAssuntos
Fraturas Espontâneas , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário , Neoplasias das Paratireoides , Humanos , Fraturas Espontâneas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Espontâneas/etiologia , Fraturas Espontâneas/cirurgia , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/diagnóstico , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/etiologia , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/cirurgia , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/complicações , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/cirurgia , Erros de DiagnósticoRESUMO
Hydrogen sulfide exists widely in mammalian tissues and plays a vital role in physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, striking differences with orders of magnitude were observed for the detected hydrogen sulfide concentrations in biological matrices among different measurements in literature, which lead to the uncertainty for examination the biological relevance of hydrogen sulfide. Here, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide in various biological matrices by determination of a derivative of hydrogen sulfide and monobromobimane named sulfide dibimane (SDB). 36S-labeled SDB was synthesized and validated for using as an internal standard. This method has been successfully used to measure hydrogen sulfide levels in a broad range of biological matrices, such as blood, plasma, tissues, cells, and enzymes, across different species. Moreover, a novel mode that hydrogen sulfide could loosely and non-covalently bind to human serum protein (HSA) and hemoglobin (HB) was revealed by using the developed method.
Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/química , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Animais , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/sangue , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Células Musculares/metabolismo , Ratos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Saccharomycetales/enzimologia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers an inflammatory reaction, in which macrophages are of key importance for tissue repairing. Infiltration and/or migration of macrophages into the infarct area early after MI is critical for infarct healing, vascularization, and cardiac function. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been demonstrated to possess cardioprotective effects post MI and during the progress of cardiac remodeling. However, the specific molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in macrophage recruitment by H2S remain to be identified. In this study, the NaHS (exogenous sources of H2S) treatment exerted an increased infiltration of macrophages into the infarcted myocardium at early stage of MI cardiac tissues in both wild type (WT) and cystathionine-γ-lyase-knockout (CSE-KO) mice. And NaHS accelerated the migration of macrophage cells in vitro. While, the inhibitors not only significantly diminished the migratory ability in response to NaHS, but also blocked the activation of phospho-Src, -Pyk2, -FAK(397), and -FAK(925). Furthermore, NaHS induced the internalization of integrin ß1 on macrophage surface, but, integrin ß1 silencing inhibited macrophage migration and Src signaling activation. These results indicate that H2S may have the potential as an anti-infarct of MI by governing macrophage migration, which was achieved by accelerating internalization of integrin ß1 and activating downstream Src-FAK/Pyk2-Rac pathway.
Assuntos
Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Macrófagos/citologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Hipóxia Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cistationina gama-Liase/metabolismo , Endocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinase 2 de Adesão Focal/metabolismo , Inativação Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Integrina beta1/metabolismo , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Miócitos Cardíacos/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos Cardíacos/patologia , Células RAW 264.7 , Proteínas rac1 de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Quinases da Família src/metabolismoRESUMO
AIMS: Anemia of inflammation is quite prevalent in hospitalized patients with poor prognosis. Concerns about the effectiveness and safety of iron supplementation have arisen, driving the demand for alternative therapies. Induction of hepatic hepcidin, the master hormone of iron homeostasis, causes anemia under inflammatory conditions. Previous studies indicated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter and a well-known regulator of inflammation, may inhibit the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. We thus investigated the effect of H2S on inflammatory hepcidin induction. RESULTS: H2S suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepcidin production and regulated iron homeostasis in mice by decreasing serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation; similar results were obtained in Huh7 cells exposed to conditioned medium from LPS-challenged THP-1 macrophages. Intriguingly, we found H2S also attenuated hepcidin levels in Huh7 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes in a sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-dependent manner. By promoting SIRT1 expression and stabilizing SIRT1-STAT3 interactions, H2S ameliorated IL-6-induced STAT3 acetylation, resulting in reduced hepcidin production. Inhibition and silencing of SIRT1 diminished H2S-mediated suppression of hepcidin, as opposed to SIRT1 activation and overexpression. Consistent results were observed in vivo. Furthermore, knockout of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), an endogenous H2S synthase, exaggerated inflammatory hepcidin expression in mice. INNOVATION: For the first time, we elucidated the effects and possible mechanisms of H2S on inflammatory hepcidin and established a novel regulatory link between SIRT1 and hepcidin. CONCLUSION: Our work demonstrates that H2S attenuates inflammation-induced hepatic hepcidin via multipathways and suggests new treatment strategies for anemia of inflammation.