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Purpose: To explored Relationship between uric acid and cerebral amyloid angiopathy; Materials and methods: ZO-1 and RAGE in HBMECs were detected by western blotting, and then, we analyzed ZO-1, occludin, and RAGE mRNA expression levels in different treatment groups using RTPCR. Cell counts and the relative αSMA fluorescence intensity were measured in order to evaluate the protective effect of uric acid against injury to HBVSMCs. Analysis of variance showed that LDH leakage rate was used to verify the uric acid protective effect on the injury induced by Aß1-40. After that, the level of uric acid in serum and Aß1-40 in brain tissue was analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the protective effect of uric acid in the brain of APP23 mice. Meanwhile, Occludin, ZO-1, and RAGE protein levels were measured by western blotting; Results: Uric acid reduced the negative effects of Aß on the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells and protected the vascular wall in vitro. In APP23 mice, Aß1-40 and Aß1-42 levels were significantly elevated in brain tissues and further increased after uric acid concentration was decreased. In APP23 mice, ZO-1 and occludin expression levels were both significantly lower than those in wild-type animals. After uric acid concentration was lowered in APP23 mice, ZO-1 and occludin expression levels were significantly lower than those in untreated animals; Conclusions: Uric acid in the blood protects the blood vessels from CAA damage to the blood vessel wall, and reduces the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage.
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Doença de Alzheimer , Angiopatia Amiloide Cerebral , Camundongos , Animais , Ácido Úrico , Ocludina/metabolismo , Angiopatia Amiloide Cerebral/genética , Angiopatia Amiloide Cerebral/metabolismo , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Hemorragia Cerebral/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Camundongos TransgênicosRESUMO
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy. MM stem cells (MMSCs) are thought to be the main causes of in vivo engraftment and eventual recurrence. As a notable new technology, cold atmospheric plasmas (CAPs) show a promising anti-tumor effect, due to their production of various ROS. In this study, we found that different types of plasma could inhibit MM's ability to form cell colonies, suppress MM in vivo engraftment, and extend survival times. We demonstrated that NAC (a ROS scavenger) could block ROS increases and reverse the inhibition of MM's cell-colony-formation ability, which was induced by the plasma treatment. By using a stem cell signaling array, we found that the Notch pathway was inhibited by the plasma treatment; this was further confirmed by conducting real-time PCRs of three MM cell lines. Together, these results constitute the first report of plasma treatment inhibiting MM in vivo engraftment and prolonging survival time by suppressing the Notch pathway via ROS regulation.
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Mieloma Múltiplo , Gases em Plasma , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia , Gases em Plasma/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Metamaterial absorbers, consisting of assembling arrays of optical resonators with subwavelength dimensions and spacing, allow efficiently absorption electromagnetic radiation by leveraging the strong electrical and magnetic resonances. Beyond the enhanced absorption, there is a growing interest to realize multi-functional absorbers, for example, absorbers with extended bandwidth, strong polarization extinction ratio, to name a few. Traditionally, designing multi-functional absorbers require complex brute-force optimizations with sizable parameter space, which turn out to be rather inefficient. Here, using the particle swarm optimization algorithm, we design and experimentally demonstrate broadband and highly polarization selective mid-IR metal-insulator-metal absorbers, covering the technologically important 3-5 µm atmospheric transparency band. With spectrally averaged absorption exceeding 70%, a high polarization extinction ratio of 40.6 is concurrently achieved by the algorithm. We also investigate the incident angle dependence of the spectral absorption and clarify the origin of optical losses. By integrating with the growing range of mid-IR detectors and imagers, our devices can enable new applications such as mid-IR full Stokes imaging polarimetry for remote sensing.
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BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a typically fatal malignancy and new drug and treatment need to be developed for a better survival outcome. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology, which has been widely applied in biomedicine, especially in various of cancer treatment. However, the changes in cell metabolism after CAP treatment of leukemia cells have been rarely studied. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the metabolite profiling of plasma treatment on leukemia cells based on Gas Chromatography Tandem Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC-TOFMS). Simultaneously, we conducted a series of bioinformatics analysis of metabolites and metabolic pathways with significant differences after basic data analysis. RESULTS: 800 signals were detected by GC-TOF mass-spectrometry and then evaluated using PCA and OPLS-DA. All the differential metabolites were listed and the related metabolic pathways were analyzed by KEGG pathway. The results showed that alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism had a significant change after plasma treatment. Meanwhile, d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism were significantly changed by CAP. Glutaminase activity was decreased after plasma treatment, which might lead to glutamine accumulation and leukemia cells death. CONCLUSIONS: We found the above two metabolic pathways vulnerable to plasma treatment, which might result in leukemia cells death and might be the cornerstone of further exploration of plasma treatment targets.
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BACKGROUND: Despite new progress of chemotherapy in multiple myeloma (MM) clinical treatment, MM is still a refractory disease and new technology is needed to improve the outcomes and prolong the survival. Cold atmospheric plasma is a rapidly developed technology in recent years, which has been widely applied in biomedicine. Although plasma could efficiently inactivate various tumor cells, the effects of plasma on tumor cell metabolism have not been studied yet. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the metabolite profiling of He plasma treatment on myeloma tumor cells by gas-chromatography time-of-flight (GC-TOF) mass-spectrometry. Meanwhile, by bioinformatic analysis such as GO and KEGG analysis we try to figure out the metabolism pathway that was significantly affected by gas plasma treatment. RESULTS: By GC-TOF mass-spectrometry, 573 signals were detected and evaluated using PCA and OPLS-DA. By KEGG analysis we listed all the differential metabolites and further classified into different metabolic pathways. The results showed that beta-alanine metabolism pathway was the most significant change after He gas plasma treatment in myeloma cells. Besides, propanoate metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism should also be concerned during gas plasma treatment of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: Cold atmospheric plasma treatment could significantly alter the metabolite profiling of myeloma tumor cells, among which, the beta-alanine metabolism pathway is the most susceptible to He gas plasma treatment.
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Cold atmospheric plasma was shown to induce cell apoptosis in numerous tumor cells. Recently, some other biological effects, such as induction of membrane permeation and suppression of migration, were discovered by plasma treatment in some types of tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of plasma treatment on multiple myeloma cells. We detected the detachment of adherent myeloma cells by plasma, and the detachment area was correlated with higher density of hydroxyl radical in the gas phase of the plasma. Meanwhile, plasma could promote myeloma differentiation by up-regulating Blimp-1 and XBP-1 expression. The migration ability was suppressed by plasma treatment through decreasing of MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion. In addition, plasma could increase bortezomib sensitivity and induce myeloma cell apoptosis. Taking together, combination with plasma treatment may enhance current chemotherapy and probably improve the outcomes.
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Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Gases em Plasma/administração & dosagem , Bortezomib/uso terapêutico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiplo/fisiopatologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a genetically determined cardiac electrical disorder, characterized by typical electrocardiography (ECG) alterations, and it is an arrhythmogenic syndrome that may lead to sudden cardiac death. The most common genotype found among BrS patients is caused by mutations in the SCN5A gene, which lead to a loss of function of the cardiac sodium (Na(+)) channel (Nav1.5) by different mechanisms. METHODS: The assay of confocal laser microscopy and western blot were used to identify the expression and location of L812Q at the cell surface. Characterization of Nav1.5 L812Q mutant Na(+) channels was text by patch-clamp recordings, and the PHYRE2 server was used to build a model for human Nav1.5 channel. RESULTS: Here, we report that a novel missense SCN5A mutation, L812Q, localized in the DII-S4 transmembrane region of the Nav1.5 channel protein, was identified in an index patient who showed a typical BrS type-1 ECG phenotype. The mutation was absent in the patient's parents and brother. Heterologous expression of the wild-type (WT) and L812Q mutant Nav1.5 channels in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293 cells) reveals that the mutation results in a reduction of Na(+) current density as well as â¼20 mV hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage dependence of inactivation. The voltage dependence of activation and the time course for recovery from inactivation are not affected by the mutation. The hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage dependence of inactivation caused a reduction of the Na(+) window current as well. In addition, western blot and confocal laser microscopy imaging experiments showed that the mutation causes fewer channel to be expressed at the membrane than WT channel. A large proportion of the mutant channels are retained in the cytoplasm, probably in the endoplasmic reticulum. CONCLUSION: The decrease of channel expression, hyperpolarizing shift of voltage dependence of inactivation, and a decline of Na(+) window current caused by L812Q mutation lead to a reduction of Na(+) current during the upstroke and the repolarization phases of cardiac action potential, which contribute to the development of BrS.
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Síndrome de Brugada/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Mutação/genética , Canal de Sódio Disparado por Voltagem NAV1.5/genética , Sequência de Bases , Síndrome de Brugada/diagnóstico por imagem , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Eletrocardiografia , Genes Dominantes , Células HEK293 , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Ativação do Canal Iônico , Cinética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Proteínas Mutantes/metabolismo , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) protein is an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein that plays essential roles in multiple myeloma (MM) survival and drug resistance. In MM, it has been demonstrated that proteasome inhibition can trigger the accumulation of Mcl-1, which has been shown to confer MM cell resistance to bortezomib-induced lethality. However, the mechanisms involved in this unwanted Mcl-1 accumulation are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the unwanted Mcl-1 accumulation could be induced by the unfolded protein response (UPR) and to elucidate the role of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in regulating Mcl-1 expression. Using quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, we found that the translation of activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4), an important effector of the UPR, was also greatly enhanced by proteasome inhibition. ChIP analysis further revealed that bortezomib stimulated binding of ATF4 to a regulatory site (at position -332 to -324) at the promoter of the Mcl-1 gene. Knocking down ATF4 was paralleled by down-regulation of Mcl-1 induction by bortezomib and significantly increased bortezomib-induced apoptosis. These data identify the UPR and, more specifically, its ATF4 branch as an important mechanism mediating up-regulation of Mcl-1 by proteasome inhibition.
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Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Mieloma Múltiplo/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Resposta a Proteínas não Dobradas/fisiologia , Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição/genética , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose , Western Blotting , Ácidos Borônicos/farmacologia , Bortezomib , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Imunoprecipitação da Cromatina , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Retículo Endoplasmático/metabolismo , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Proteína de Sequência 1 de Leucemia de Células Mieloides , Pirazinas/farmacologia , Splicing de RNA , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Fatores de Transcrição de Fator Regulador X , Fatores de Transcrição/antagonistas & inibidores , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Transcrição Gênica , Resposta a Proteínas não Dobradas/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
A soil removal device for the root-soil complex of Gentian imitating the percussion function of a woodpecker was designed to improve the soil removal efficiency of harvesting devices for rhizome-type traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Based on the physical parameters of roots and the root-soil complex of Gentian, the structure parameters of the striking arm and the actual profile of the cam are determined according to the physical parameters when the woodpecker knocks on the tree. The key parameters that affect the working performance of the soil removal device and their suitable value ranges have been identified through the impact test and analysis of the root-soil complex of Gentian. The mass of the striking hammer, the swing angle of the striking arm, and the rotation speed of the cam were taken as the experimental factors and the soil removal rate and the energy consumption per hammer percussion were taken as the experimental indicators. The ternary quadratic orthogonal regression combination experiment was carried out using Design-Expert. The regression model of the influence factors and evaluation indicators was established through the analysis of variance. The interaction effects of the influence factors on the indicators were analyzed using the response surface method. Using multiobjective optimization method, the optimal parameter combination was obtained as that of the mass of the striking hammer of 0.9 kg, the swing angle of the striking arm of 47°, and the rotation speed of the cam of 100 r/min, then the soil removal rate was the maximum and the energy consumption of single-hammer knocking was the minimum, with the values of 89.12% and 31.21 J, respectively. This study can provide a reference for the design and optimization of soil removal devices for rhizome-type traditional Chinese herbal medicines.
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We report a newly developed design/fabrication module with low-cost single-sided "low-stress-silicon-nitride (LS-SiN)/polysilicon (poly-Si)/Al" process for monolithic integration of composite sensors for sensing-network-node applications. A front-side surface-/bulk-micromachining process on a conventional Si-substrate is developed, featuring a multifunctional SiN/poly-Si/Al layer design for diverse sensing functions. The first "pressure + acceleration + temperature + infrared" (PATIR) composite sensor with the chip size of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm is demonstrated. Systematic theoretical design and analysis methods are developed. The diverse sensing components include a piezoresistive absolute-pressure sensor (up to 700 kPa, with a sensitivity of 49 mV/MPa under 3.3 V supplied voltage), a piezoresistive accelerometer (±10 g, with a sensitivity of 66 µV/g under 3.3 V and a -3 dB bandwidth of 780 Hz), a thermoelectric infrared detector (with a responsivity of 45 V/W and detectivity of 3.6 × 107 cm·Hz1/2/W) and a thermistor (-25-120 °C). This design/fabrication module concept enables a low-cost monolithically-integrated "multifunctional-library" technique. It can be utilized as a customizable tool for versatile application-specific requirements, which is very useful for small-size, low-cost, large-scale sensing-network node developments.
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SIGNIFICANCE: Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a serious trauma to the central nervous system. Terahertz (THz) irradiation is an emerging technique, it has potential application prospects in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. AIM: We report on the investigation of the effect and mechanism of THz irradiation in repairing SCI in mice. APPROACH: The effect of THz in SCI was evaluated by the expression of inflammatory factors, the mouse behavioral scale (BMS), and immunofluorescence staining. After RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we determined the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and performed GO and KEGG analysis. RESULTS: After THz irradiation, the inflammatory response, the behavioral function, and the severity of SCI recovered well, indicating that THz irradiation can effectively promote the repair of SCI. GO and KEGG results show that genes related to inflammation, immune regulation, and IL-17 signaling pathway may play an important role in this process. CONCLUSIONS: THz irradiation can effectively promote the repair of SCI. Genes related to inflammation, immune regulation, and IL-17 signaling pathway may play an important role in this process.
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Interleucina-17 , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Camundongos , Animais , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/genética , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/radioterapia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Inflamação/radioterapia , Inflamação/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/metabolismoRESUMO
One of the greatest challenges in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment is to overcome drug resistance. Many pathways are involved including Notch signaling. Notch receptors are expressed by MM cells and Notch ligand Dll1 is present on bone marrow (BM) stromal cells. In this study, we demonstrate that Dll1 can activate Notch signaling mostly through Notch2 receptor and can contribute to drug resistance to bortezomib, both in murine and human MM cells. Blocking the Notch pathway by DAPT (gamma secretase inhibitor) could reverse this effect and increased sensitivity to bortezomib. We describe the upregulation of CYP1A1, a Cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in drug metabolism, as a possible mechanism of Dll1/Notch induced bortezomib resistance. This was confirmed by inhibition experiments using α-Naphthoflavone or CYP1A1-siRNA that resulted in an increased sensitivity to bortezomib. In addition, in vivo data showed that combination treatment of DAPT with bortezomib was able to increase bortezomib sensitivity and prolonged overall survival in the 5T33MM mouse model. Our data provide a potential strategy to overcome bortezomib resistance by Notch inhibition in MM therapy.
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Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Ácidos Borônicos/farmacologia , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/biossíntese , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/agonistas , Proteínas de Membrana/agonistas , Mieloma Múltiplo/metabolismo , Pirazinas/farmacologia , Receptores Notch/agonistas , Animais , Benzoflavonas/farmacologia , Bortezomib , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/antagonistas & inibidores , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/genética , Humanos , Camundongos , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Terahertz is a new radiation source with many unique advantages. In recent years, its application has rapidly expanded to various fields, but there are few studies on the individual effects of terahertz. In this study, we investigated the behavioral effects of terahertz radiation on C57BL/6 mice, and we conducted an open field test, an elevated plus maze test, a light-dark box test, a three-chamber social test, and a forced swim test to explore the effects of terahertz radiation on mice from a behavioral perspective. The results show that terahertz wave may increase anti-anxiety, anti-depression, and social interaction in mice.
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Comportamento Animal/efeitos da radiação , Radiação Terahertz , Animais , Ansiedade , Depressão , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Interação Social , NataçãoRESUMO
In recent years, the emerging technology of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) has grown rapidly along with the many medical applications of cold plasma (e.g., cancer, skin disease, tissue repair, etc.). Plasma-activated liquids (e.g., culture media, water, or normal saline, previously exposed to plasma) are being studied as cancer treatments, and due to their advantages, many researchers prefer plasma-activated liquids as an alternative to CAP in the treatment of cancer. In this study, we showed that plasma-activated-saline (PAS) treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth, as compared with saline, in melanoma, and a low-pH environment had little effect on tumor growth in vivo. In addition, based on an ultra-high-performance liquid tandem chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis of tumor cell metabolism, the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway was the most susceptible metabolic pathway to PAS treatment in melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, PAS also inhibited cell proliferation in vivo in oral tongue squamous-cell cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer. There were few toxic side effects in the three animal models, and the treatment was deemed safe to use. In the future, plasma-activated liquids may serve as a potential therapeutic approach in the treatment of cancer.
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Cold atmospheric plasma, including plasma jet and surface plasma, can promote the apoptosis of cancer cells without causing significant damage to surrounding normal cells, which was hopeful to be applied to the clinical cancer therapy. However, experimental plasma devices used directly to clinical experiments has challenges in technology and methods, especially the difference in killing tumor cells efficiency of these two common plasma sources. Therefore, it is great necessity to explore the differences in treating tumors between different plasma sources. This paper achieved good killing efficiency by using two kinds of cold atmospheric plasma generating devices, namely plasma jet and surface plasma treatment along acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The results showed that the He plasma jet kills leukemia cells more efficiently than surface plasma with the same voltage and frequency and the same time. By GC-TOFMS and metabolomics analysis, this paper compared the differential metabolites of leukemia cells treated by two plasma devices and the key metabolic pathways closely related to differential metabolites. Simultaneously, we found alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism was most correlated with a key differential metabolite, glutamine. It was found that the glutaminase activity of He plasma jet group was lower than that of surface plasma group, which might be a reason for He plasma jet group to kill tumor cells better. It was also worth noting that relative quantity of glucose metabolites of plasma jet treatment group was lower than that of surface plasma treatment group. This study provides the basis for clinical trials for future.
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Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a fast-growing and aggressive malignant tumor in urinary system. Since chemotherapy and immunotherapy are only useable with a few MIBC patients, the clinical treatment of MIBC still faces challenges. Here, we examined the feasibility of plasma-activated saline (PAS) as a fledgling therapeutic strategy for MIBC treatment. Our data showed that plasma irradiation could generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in saline. In vivo tests revealed that pericarcinomatous tissue injection with PAS was effective at preventing subcutaneous bladder tumor growth, with no side effects to the visceral organs after long-term administration, as well as having no obvious influence on the various biochemistry indices of the blood in mice. The in vitro studies indicated that adding 30% PAS in cell culture media causes oxidative damage to the bladder transitional cells T24 and J82 through enhancing the intracellular ROS level, and eventually induces cancer cells' apoptosis by activating the ROS-mediated Fas/CD95 pathway. Therefore, for an intracavity tumor, these initial observations suggest that the soaking of the tumor tissue with PAS by intravesical perfusion may be a novel treatment option for bladder cancer.
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Small RNAs (sRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), are functional molecules that modulate mRNA transcripts and have been implicated in the etiology of various types of cancer. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a physical technology widely used in the field of cancer treatment after exhibiting extensive lethality on cancer cells. However, few studies have reported the exact role of miRNAs in CAP-induced anti-cancer effects. The aim of the present study was to determine whether miRNAs are involved in CAP-induced cytotoxicity by using high-throughput sequencing. Our research demonstrated that 28 miRNAs were significantly changed (17 upregulated and 11downregulated) following 24 h of treatment with a room-temperature argon plasma jet for 90 s compared with that of the untreated group in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these target genes were related to cell organelles, protein binding, and single-organism processes. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were primarily involved in the cAMP signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, and phosphatidylinositol signaling system. Taken together, our study demonstrated that CAP treatment could significantly alter the small RNA expression profile of chronic myeloid leukemia cells and provide a novel theoretical insight for elucidating the molecular mechanisms in CAP biomedicine application.
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Post-surgical residual tumor cells are the primary cause of relapse and progression of cancer but unfortunately, there are limited therapeutic options. In this work, a fillable plasma-activated biogel is produced on a thermosensitive biogel [(Poly-DL-lactide)-(poly-ethylene glycol)-(poly-DL-lactide), PLEL] with the aid of a discharge plasma for local post-operative treatment of cancer. In vivo data show that the plasma-activated PLEL biogel (PAPB) eliminates residual tumor tissues after removal surgery and also inhibits in situ recurrence while showing no evident systemic toxicity. Moreover, the PAPB possesses excellent storage capability, allows for slow release of plasma-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and exhibits good ROS-mediated anticancer effects in vitro. Our results reveal that the novel plasma-activated biogel is an effective therapeutic agent for local post-operative treatment of cancer.
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Hidrogéis , Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Espécies Reativas de OxigênioRESUMO
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been widely used in biomedicine during the last two decades. While direct plasma treatment has been reported to promote wound healing, its application can be uneven and inconvenient. In this study, we first activated water with a portable dielectric barrier discharge plasma device and evaluated the inactivation effect of plasma-activated water (PAW) on several kinds of bacteria that commonly infect wounds. The results show that PAW can effectively inactivate these bacteria. Then, we activated tap water and examined the efficacy of PAW on wound healing in a mouse model of full-thickness skin wounds. We found that wound healing in mice treated with PAW was significantly faster compared with the control group. Histological analysis of the skin tissue of mice wounds showed a significant reduction in the number of inflammatory cells in the PAW treatment group. To identify the possible mechanism by which PAW promotes wound healing, we analyzed changes in the profiles of wound bacteria after PAW treatment. The results show that PAW can significantly reduce the abundance of wound bacteria in the treatment group. The results of biochemical blood tests and histological analysis of major internal organs in the mice show that PAW had no obvious side effects. Taken together, these results indicate that PAW may be a new and effective method for promoting wound healing without side effects.
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Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology, which has been widely applied in biomedicine, especially in wound healing, dermatological treatment, hemostasis, and cancer treatment. In most cases, CAP treatment will interact with innumerable blood capillaries. Therefore, it is important and necessary to understand the effects of CAP treatment on endothelial cell metabolism. In this study, the metabolite profiling of plasma treatment on endothelial cells was measured by gas chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). We found that 695 signals (metabolites) were detected by GC-TOF-MS and then evaluated using orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). All the differential metabolites were listed, and proline and xanthosine were the two of the most downregulated metabolites by plasma treatment. By comprehensive metabolic pathway analysis with the KEGG pathway, we showed that alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and purine metabolism pathways were the most significantly suppressed after gas plasma treatment in human endothelial cells. Our finding gives an overall picture of the metabolic pathways affected by plasma treatment in endothelial cells.