Niches and interspecific competitive relationships of the parasitoids, Microplitis prodeniae and Campoletis chlorldeae, of the Oriental leafworm moth, Spodoptera litura, in tobacco.

Both Microplitis prodeniae Rao and Chandry (Hymenoptera: Bracondidae) and Campoletis chlorideae Uchida (Hymenoptera: Ichnumonidae) are major parasitoids of Spodoptera litura (Fabricious) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) at Nanxiong, Guangdong Province, South China. The niches and interspecific competition relationships of the two species were studied. The results show that the competition between the two species for spatial and food resources was very intense, and C. chlorideae was always dominant when the two species compete for spatial and food resources in different periods. Thus C. chlorideae may drive M. prodeniae away when they occupy the same spatial or food resource. The adaptability of C. chlorideae to the environment in the tobacco fields may be greater than that of M. prodeniae, so C. chlorideae can maintain a higher population compared to that of M. prodeniae.

The Palaearctic types of Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest.

A critical and annotated catalogue of the Palaearctic types of chrysidid species, subspecies and varieties deposited in the Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum is given. The lectotype of Hedychrum luculentum Förster, 1853 and the neotype of Chrysis amasina Mocsáry, 1889 are designated. Six new synonyms are proposed: Chrysis varicornis Spinola, 1838 = Chrysis cyanocoelia Mocsáry, 1889, syn. nov.; Hedychridium adventicium Zimmermann, 1962 = Hedychridium jazygicum Móczár, 1964, syn. nov.; Hedychrum cribratum Mocsáry, 1909 = Hedychrum punctigerum Mocsáry, 1909, syn. nov.; Holopyga generosa (Förster, 1853) = Holopyga hortobagyensis Móczár, 1984, syn. nov.; Holopyga turkestanica Mocsáry, 1909 = Holopyga crassepuncta Semenov, 1954, syn. nov.; and Pseudomalus cupratus (Mocsáry, 1889) = Pseudomalus meridianus Strumia, 1996, syn. nov.. One species is revalidated: Holopyga turkestanica Mocsáry, 1909, stat. resurr.. New status is proposed for: Pseudomalus cupratus (Mocsáry, 1889), stat. nov.. New combination is proposed for: Hedychridium amoenum (Mocsáry, 1911), comb. nov.. The reversal of priority is proposed for: Ellampus biaccinctus du Buysson, 1893, nomen protectum, and E. auratus var. gasperinii Mocsáry, 1889, nomen oblitum. New name is proposed for: Chrysis fusca Rosa, nom. nov. pro Chrysis ignita var. infuscata Mocsáry, 1889 nec Brullé, 1846. Pictures of eighty-nine type specimens are also provided.

First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species.

The genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804, is newly recorded from China. The male of Zethus malayanus Gusenleitner, 2010 is described and figured for the first time. Zethus nanlingensis Nguyen & Xu, sp. nov. (South China, Guangdong) is described and figured.

First record of the genus Lethades Davis, 1897 from the Oriental region, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae).

A new species of the genus Lethades Davis, 1897 (Ctenopelmatinae: Pionini), Lethades orientalis Reshchikov & Xu, sp. n., collected in Heishiding Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province, China, is described. This is new record of the genus from China and for the Oriental region also. The species can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by its black metasoma, the presence of an areolet on the fore wing, distinctly pectinate claws with teeth of the hind claw as high as the claw itself, and a complete longitudinal propodeal carina. A key to the world species of the genus is provided.

Review of the Priocnemis hyalinata species-group (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), with description of a new species from China.

Eight species in the Priocnemis hyalinata species-group are reviewed. The species-group is recorded from Oriental Region for the first time, and one new species, Priocnemis (Priocnemis) yunnanensis Loktionov, Lelej & Xu, sp. nov. (China: Yunnan) is described and illustrated. The lectotype of Salius (Priocnemis) unicolor Gussakovskij is designated. The distribution of P. (P.) hyalinata (Fabricius), P. (P.) fennica Haupt and P. (P.) unicolor (Gussakovskij) is clarified and enlarged within Russia. Keys to species for males and females are given.

Discovery of the subfamily Rhopalomutillinae (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) in China and description of Pherotilla brothersi sp. nov.

The subfamily Rhopalomutillinae of the family Mutillidae, represented by the genus Pherotilla Brothers, 2015, is newly recorded from China. Pherotilla brothersi Zhou, Lelej & Xu, sp. nov. (China: Yunnan) is described and illustrated. A key to the Oriental species of Pherotilla is given.

A remarkable new species of Polochridium Gussakovskij, 1932 (Hymenoptera: Sapygidae) from China.

A new species, Polochridium spinosum Yue, Li & Xu, sp. nov. (China: Hunan, Shaanxi, Henan), is described and illustrated. A key to the four Chinese species of Sapygidae is given.

One new species and three new records of Chrysis Linnaeus from China (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae).

Four Chinese Chrysis species-groups, the antennata, capitalis, elegans, and maculicornis species-groups, are discussed. Chrysis lapislazulina Rosa & Xu, sp. n. is described in the elegans species-group; and three species, C. brachyceras Bischoff, 1910, C. subdistincta Linsenmaier, 1968 and C. yoshikawai Tsuneki, 1961, are reported for the first time from China in other species-groups. A new synonymy is proposed for C. ignifascia Mocsáry, 1893 = C. taiwana Tsuneki, 1970, syn. n. A short historical review of the elegans species-group is provided. C. goetheana Semenov, 1967 is transferred from the elegans species-group to the maculicornis species-group. C. mesochlora Mocsáry, 1893 is considered a nomen dubium.

Discovery of the genus Nipponodipogon Ishikawa in the Oriental region, with description of two new species from China (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae).

The genus Nipponodipogon Ishikawa, 1965 is newly recorded from China (Guangdong, Hainan, and Yunnan) and the Oriental Region. Two new species, N. orientalis Loktionov, Lelej & Xu, sp. n. (Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan) and N. shimizui Loktionov, Lelej & Xu, sp. n. (Guangdong, Yunnan), are described and illustrated. The updated key to the species based on Shimizu et al. (2015) is given.

Two new species of Allophrys Förster from the Oriental Region (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae).

Two species of Allophrys Förster are described from the Oriental region, A. cantonensis Reshchikov& Yue, sp. nov., collected from Guangdong, China and A. falcatus Reshchikov,  sp. nov. from Davao, Philippines. This is first record of the genus from China. A key to the Oriental species of the genus is provided.

Review of the Chinese Leucospidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea).

The Chinese fauna of the family Leucospidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) is reviewed and illustrated for the first time. Twelve species of Leucospis Fabricius, 1775 are recorded; of which two species are new to science: Leucospis aequidentatasp. n. and Leucospis shaanxiensissp. n. and one species is reported new for China: Leucospis intermedia Illiger, 1807. An identification key to Chinese species is included. A lectotype is designated for Leucospis aurantiaca Shestakov, 1923.

Review of the genus Zeugomutilla Chen, 1957 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Mutillini), with description of two new species.

Eight species of Zeugomutilla Chen, 1957 are reviewed. Zeugomutilla angkorensis Williams, sp. nov. (Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam) and Z. pangi Lelej, sp. nov. (China: Hainan) are described and illustrated. A new combination is proposed for Z. spinulosa (André, 1898), comb. nov. (from Pristomutilla Ashmead, 1903). Zeugomutilla bainbriggei (Turner, 1911) and Z. horni (André, 1907) are newly recorded from India (Tamil Nadu), Z. pycnopyga Chen, 1957 is newly recorded from Thailand, and Z. saepes (Chen, 1957) from Cambodia and Thailand. An updated diagnosis of the genus and key to males and females are given.

Different genetic structures revealed resident populations of a specialist parasitoid wasp in contrast to its migratory host.

Genetic comparisons of parasitoids and their hosts are expected to reflect ecological and evolutionary processes that influence the interactions between species. The parasitoid wasp, Cotesia vestalis, and its host diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, provide opportunities to test whether the specialist natural enemy migrates seasonally with its host or occurs as resident population. We genotyped 17 microsatellite loci and two mitochondrial genes for 158 female adults of C. vestalis collected from 12 geographical populations, as well as nine microsatellite loci for 127 DBM larvae from six separate sites. The samplings covered both the likely source (southern) and immigrant (northern) areas of DBM from China. Populations of C. vestalis fell into three groups, pointing to isolation in northwestern and southwestern China and strong genetic differentiation of these populations from others in central and eastern China. In contrast, DBM showed much weaker genetic differentiation and high rates of gene flow. TESS analysis identified the immigrant populations of DBM as showing admixture in northern China. Genetic disconnect between C. vestalis and its host suggests that the parasitoid did not migrate yearly with its host but likely consisted of resident populations in places where its host could not survive in winter.

First record of Isegama Krombein (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Amiseginae) from China, with description of a new species.

The genus Isegama Krombein is recorded from China for the first time and one new species, Isegama sinica Li & Xu, sp. nov. (China: Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan) is described and illustrated. Key to species of the genus is provided.

Description of a new species of the genus Monelata Förster, 1856 from China (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae).

A new species of the genus Monelata Förster, 1856, Monelata truncata sp. n., is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. This is the third Oriental species assigned to this genus. A key to Oriental species of the genus is provided.

Kryptosega Kimsey, 1986 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) is newly recorded genus from Oriental Region, with description of one new species.

The genus Kryptosega Kimsey 1986 was described in the subfamily Amiseginae with two new species, K. anomala Kimsey and K. kaindeana Kimsey from New Guinea (Kimsey 1986). Later third species K. mweramwera Villemant was described from Vanuatu (Villemant et al. 2012). The genus resembles Indothris Krombein, 1957 by having head with occipital carina, mesopleuron without scrobal sulcus, and hind coxa without dorsobasal carina, but differs from the latter by having metanotum without median enclosure, and propodeum rounded posterolaterally (Kimsey & Bohart 1991). Amiseginae are the parasites of the eggs of walking stick insects (Phasmida) and can be found in the low vegetation or leaf litter (Kimsey & Bohart 1991). However, the biology of Kryptosega is still unknown (Villemant et al. 2012).

Indothrix Krombein, 1957 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) newly recorded genus from China, with description of one new species.

The genus Indothrix Krombein, 1957 is newly recorded from China. Indothrix brevicornis Li & Xu, sp. nov. (China: Zhejiang) is described and illustrated. Key to the three world species of the genus is given.

A new species of Calogalesus Kieffer from China (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) with a key to World species.

A new species of Calogalesus Kieffer, 1912, Calogalesus sinicussp. n., is described and illustrated, collected from a Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.) orchard in Yunnan province of China. This is the third described species of the genus in the World. The new species can be distinguished from the other two described Calogalesus species by the head profile, proportions of the antennal segments, tridentate mandible, and mandible length. A key to World species of the genus is provided.

The inaequalis species-group (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Chrysis) in China, with description of a new species.

The Chinese Chrysis of the inaequalis species-group are revised and C. extraordinaria sp. nov. is described. Chrysis extraordinaria sp. nov. is recognisable by the following characteristics: mesopleuron tridentate, apex of T3 with six teeth, and T3 metallic blue, contrasting with T1 and T2 golden to metallic red. A modification to the species-group key by Kimsey & Bohart (1991) is proposed.

A new species of the genus Anteon Jurine (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) from Laos.

A new species of Anteon Jurine, 1807 is described from Laos, Houaphanh Province: Anteon holzschuhi sp. n. Morphologically the new species is similar to Anteon semipolitum Olmi, 2008, but it is distinguished by the sculpture of the face partly reticulate rugose and partly with deep punctures similar to areolae; in Anteon semipolitum the face is completely punctate and unsculptured among punctures. In addition, in the new species the distance from the outer edge of a lateral ocellus to the compound eye (OOL) is about 3.3 times as long as the distance between the inner edges of a lateral ocellus and the median ocellus (OL); in Anteon semipolitum OOL is less than twice as long as OL. Published identification keys to the Oriental species of Anteon are modified to include the new species.