Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 7 de 7
Filtrar
1.
Chemistry ; 29(11): e202202692, 2023 Feb 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36461621

RESUMO

This study reports the formation of low-molecular-weight gelators based on carboxylic acids derived from chiral cyclicß-amino acids. The effect of their stereochemistry on the gelation of organic solvents was investigated, and their assemblies with the intermolecular interactions in the xerogels were proposed via infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and crystallographic details of the related model compounds. The effect of the alkyl chain length on the gelators was studied, and they were applied to the chiral recognition of amines. Only one diastereomeric salt with amines afforded gels, whereas the others resulted in precipitates. Chiral recognition was also achieved in the gel state, and the appearance of the as-prepared gel changed upon the addition of each amine enantiomer, thus enabling the visual detection of their chirality.

2.
Am J Gastroenterol ; 106(11): 1911-21; quiz 1922, 2011 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21912438

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The American College of Gastroenterology Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer Screening 2008 recommend that clinicians be aware of an increased CRC risk in patients with smoking and obesity, but do not highlight the increase in CRC risk in patients with DM. To provide an updated quantitative assessment of the association of DM with colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC), we conducted a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies. We also evaluated whether the association varied by sex, and assessed potential confounders including obesity, smoking, and exercise. METHODS: We identified studies by searching the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases (from inception through 31 December 2009) and by searching bibliographies of relevant articles. Summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with fixed- and random-effects models. Several subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential study heterogeneity and bias. RESULTS: DM was associated with an increased risk of CC (summary RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.26-1.51; n=14 studies) and RC (summary RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.31; n=12 studies). The association remained when we limited the meta-analysis to studies that either controlled for smoking and obesity, or for smoking, obesity, and physical exercise. DM was associated with an increased risk of CC for both men (summary RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.30-1.57; n=11 studies) and women (summary RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14-1.53; n=10 studies). For RC, there was a significant association between DM and cancer risk for men (summary RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.07-1.40; n=8 studies), but not for women (summary RR 1.09, 95% CI=0.99-1.19; n=8 studies). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that DM is an independent risk factor for colon and rectal cancer. Although these findings are based on observational epidemiological studies that have inherent limitations due to diagnostic bias and confounding, subgroup analyses confirmed the consistency of our findings across study type and population. This information can inform risk models and specialty society CRC screening guidelines.


Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Neoplasias Retais/complicações , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias do Colo/epidemiologia , Intervalos de Confiança , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações , Neoplasias Retais/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco , Fumar
3.
Tokai J Exp Clin Med ; 40(3): 104-9, 2015 Sep 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26369263

RESUMO

A 29-year-old female with ulcerative colitis was found to have advanced sigmoid colon cancer on colonoscopy. Computed tomography (CT) was performed after colonoscopy for the evaluation of metastasis. CT colonography (CTC) could be understood adding carbon dioxide because of soon after colonoscopic examination. Images of CTC were evaluated by two- and three-dimensional images including virtual endoscopic, virtual colon dissection and air images, and then compared with conventional endoscopic images. Virtual endoscopic images of flat elevated cancer with shallow ulcer were similar to those findings by conventional endoscopy. This lesion could be depicted by computer-aided detection.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/etiologia , Colite Ulcerativa/complicações , Colite Ulcerativa/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/etiologia , Colonografia Tomográfica Computadorizada/métodos , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adulto , Colite Ulcerativa/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo/cirurgia , Bolsas Cólicas , Colonoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proctocolectomia Restauradora/métodos , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/etiologia , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/cirurgia , Interface Usuário-Computador
4.
World J Gastroenterol ; 21(16): 5023-31, 2015 Apr 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25945018

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of adding irsogladine maleate (IM) to proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) treatment. METHODS: One hundred patients with NERD were recruited and randomized to receive rabeprazole plus IM (group I) or rabeprazole plus placebo (group P). The efficacy of the treatment was assessed using the Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (FSSG) and the short form (SF)-36 quality of life questionnaires after four weeks of treatment. We also assessed whether patients with NERD with minimal changes (grade M) had different responses to the therapies compared with patients who did not have minimal changes (grade N). RESULTS: Group I and group P showed significant improvements in their FSSG scores after the treatment (from 17.9 ± 7.9 to 9.0 ± 7.6, and from 17.7 ± 7.3 to 11.2 ± 7.9, respectively, P = 0.0001), but there was no statistically significant difference between the FSSG scores in group I and those in group P. Subgroup analysis showed that significant improvements in the FSSG scores occurred in the patients in group I who had NERD grade N (modified Los Angeles classification) (7.8 ± 7.4 vs 12.5 ± 9.8, P = 0.041). The SF-36 scores for patients with NERD grade N who had received IM and rabeprazole were significantly improved in relation to their vitality and mental health scores. CONCLUSION: The addition of IM to rabeprazole significantly improves gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms and the quality of the lives of patients with NERD grade N.


Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Rabeprazol/uso terapêutico , Triazinas/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Antiulcerosos/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/diagnóstico , Humanos , Japão , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/efeitos adversos , Qualidade de Vida , Rabeprazol/efeitos adversos , Indução de Remissão , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Triazinas/efeitos adversos
5.
Pancreas ; 43(8): 1201-7, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25333404

RESUMO

We aimed to better understand the relationship between smoking and a risk for acute pancreatitis (AP) in existing observational studies. We identified studies by searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (from inception through August 31, 2013) and by searching bibliographies of relevant articles. Summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with fixed-effects and random-effects models. A total of 5 studies met inclusion criteria for analysis. Both current smoking (summary RR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.39-2.17; n = 5 studies) and former smoking (summary RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.03-1.71; n = 4 studies) were associated with an increased risk for AP. The positive association of current smoking and risk for AP remained when we limited the meta-analysis to studies that controlled for alcohol intake and body mass index (summary RR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.31-2.36; n = 4 studies). Both current and former smoking are associated with increased risk for AP. Further investigations, both epidemiological and mechanistic, are needed to establish the extent to which the association can be explained by a causal link and whether smoking cessation can prevent the occurrence and development of AP.


Assuntos
Pancreatite/epidemiologia , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Doença Aguda , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Causalidade , Estudos de Coortes , Comorbidade , Intervalos de Confiança , Fatores de Confusão Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Pancreatite/etiologia , Pancreatite/prevenção & controle , Risco , Países Escandinavos e Nórdicos/epidemiologia , Fumar/epidemiologia , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Reino Unido/epidemiologia
6.
J Gastroenterol ; 49(3): 388-99, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23720090

RESUMO

Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis is the most frequent complication of ERCP. Several meta-analyses have examined the effects of protease inhibitors (gabexate mesilate, ulinastatin, and nafamostat mesilate) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on post-ERCP pancreatitis, but the results have been confusing. Since the previous meta-analysis, several new studies have been published on this topic. To provide an updated quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of protease inhibitors and NSAIDs in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized trials for patients at risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Twenty-six articles were included in this meta-analysis. Nafamostat mesilate (summary RR = 0.41; 95 %CI 0.28-0.59; n = 4 studies) and NSAIDs (summary RR = 0.58; 95 %CI = 0.44-0.76; n = 7 studies) were associated with decreased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis in the high-quality studies. However, gabexate mesilate (summary RR = 0.64; 95 %CI = 0.36-1.13; n = 6 studies) and ulinastatin (summary RR = 0.65; 95 %CI = 0.33-1.30; n = 2 studies) were not associated with decreased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis in the high-quality studies. This is the first meta-analysis to compare the effects of three protease inhibitors. Solid evidence supports the use of nafamostat mesilate and NSAIDs for preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis.


Assuntos
Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/efeitos adversos , Pancreatite/prevenção & controle , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Benzamidinas , Guanidinas/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Pancreatite/etiologia , Inibidores de Proteases/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
7.
J Gastroenterol ; 49(6): 992-1000, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24221694

RESUMO

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a frequent cause of hospitalization, particularly in the elderly, and its incidence appears to be on the rise. Colonic diverticular bleeding is the most common form of lower gastrointestinal bleeding and is responsible for 30-40 % of bleeding episodes. Risk factors associated with diverticular bleeding include obesity, hypertension, anticoagulants, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease. Recent studies have suggested a relationship between usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colonic diverticular bleeding; however, most studies were small with wide confidence intervals. We identified studies by searching the PubMed and Scopus databases (from inception through 31 December 2012) and by searching bibliographies of relevant articles. Summary relative risks (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with fixed-effects and random-effects models. A total of six studies (five case-control studies and one cohort study) met inclusion criteria for analysis. Non-aspirin NSAIDs (NANSAIDs) and aspirin were associated with an increased risk of colonic diverticular bleeding (summary RR = 2.48, 95 % CI 1.86-3.31), with moderate heterogeneity among these studies (P heterogeneity = 0.11, I (2) = 44.4 %). Stratification to evaluate the heterogeneity found that both NANSAIDs (summary RR = 2.24, 95 % CI 1.63-3.09; 5 studies) and aspirin (summary RR = 1.73; 95 % CI 1.31-2.30; 3 studies) were associated with the risk of diverticular bleeding. Aspirin/NANSAIDs use was strongly and consistently associated with an increased risk of colonic diverticular bleeding. Further studies are needed to stratify individuals at risk of diverticular bleeding associated with the use of these agents.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Aspirina/efeitos adversos , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/induzido quimicamente , Divertículo do Colo/patologia , Humanos , Incidência , Fatores de Risco
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA