RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is considered a neuro-ophthalmologic emergency. New-onset headache in patients aged 50 years and above with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate should prompt evaluation for GCA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 15 patients presenting with GCA from 1991 to 2008 at the Mohamed V Military hospital at Rabat and Avicenne Military hospital of Marrakech. RESULTS: Fifteen cases were recorded, with female predominance (male to female ratio 2:3) and a mean age of 63 years (range: 55-83 years). All patients (100%) presented with headache. The headache was isolated in 20% of cases and neuro-ophthalmic complications were found in 73% of cases. Biopsy was conclusive for GCA in 67% of cases and all of our patients were placed on steroids with spectacular improvement. CONCLUSION: New-onset headache in patients aged 50 years and above should prompt evaluation for GCA. Steroids, especially during the acute phase, must be started urgently to avoid irreversible neurological impairment.