RESUMO
BACKGROUND: RNA 3'-terminal phosphate cyclase-like protein (Rcl1) is involved in pre-rRNA processing, but its implication in cancers remains unclear. METHODS: RCL1 expressions in 21 malignancies was examinated through GEPIA website portal. Clinical implication data related to RCL1 level in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) samples were downloaded through TCGA, ICGC, GEO databases. Survival analysis and gene function enrichment analyses were performed through R software. The correlation between RCL1 expression and tumor immune infiltration was assessed via the TIMER2.0 database. The effects of Rcl1 overexpression or knockdown on cell growth and metastasis was evaluated by CCK8, transwell, and cell cycle assays. RESULTS: RCL1 expression is commonly down-regulated in HCC. The lower expression of RCL1 is associated with higher tumor stage, higher AFP level, vascular invasion, and poor prognosis. RCL1 expression has a significant correlation with immune cells infiltration in HCC, especially myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC). Moreover, it was further identified that Rcl1 expression was reduced in HCC cell lines and negatively correlated with invasion of HCC cell lines. Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis revealed that the level of Rcl1 expression in the cytoplasm of HCC cells is significantly lower than that in the cytoplasm of L-02 cell. Moreover, both gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that Rcl1 inhibited the growth and metastasis of HCC cells and regulated cell cycle progression in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Rcl1 may serve as a novel tumor suppressor in HCC, and its biological effect needs further study.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether preoperative hepatic and regional arterial chemotherapy is able to prevent liver metastasis and improve overall survival in patients receiving curative colorectal cancer resection. METHODS: Patients with stage II or stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) were randomly assigned to receive preoperative hepatic and regional arterial chemotherapy (PHRAC group, n = 110) or surgery alone (control group, n = 112). The primary endpoint was disease-free survival, whereas the secondary endpoints included liver metastasis-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in overall morbidity between PHRAC and Control groups. During the follow-up period (median, 36 months), the median liver metastasis time for patients with stage III CRC was significantly longer in the PHRAC group (16 +/- 3 months vs. 8 +/- 1 months, P = 0.01). In stage III patients, there was also significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to the incidence of liver metastasis (20.6% vs. 28.3%, P = 0.03), 3-year disease-free survival (74.6% vs. 58.1%, P = 0.0096), 3-year overall survival (87.7% vs. 75.7%, P = 0.020), and the median survival time (40.1 +/- 4.6 months vs. 36.3 +/- 3.2 months, P = 0.03). In the PHRAC arm, the risk ratio of recurrence was 0.61 (95% CI, 0.51-0.79, P = 0.0002), of death was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.32-0.67; P = 0.009), and of liver metastasis was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.52-0.86; P = 0.02). In contrast, PHRAC seemed to be no benefit for stage II patients. Toxicities, such as hepatic toxicity and leukocyte decreasing, were mild and could be cured with medicine. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative hepatic and regional arterial chemotherapy, in combination with surgical resection, could be able to reduce and delay the occurrence of liver metastasis and therefore improve survival rate in patients with stage III colorectal cancer.