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Breast Cancer Res ; 22(1): 136, 2020 12 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33276802

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Breast cancers acquire aggressive capabilities via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which various integrins/integrin-linked kinase signalling are upregulated. METHODS: We investigated this in two patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) developed from breast-to-bone metastases, and its functional significance in a breast cancer cell line system. ED03 and EDW01 PDXs were grown subcutaneously in immunocompromised SCID mice through 11 passages and 7 passages, respectively. Tumour tissue was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for oestrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, E-cadherin, vimentin, Twist1, beta-catenin, P120-RasGAP, CD44, CD24 and Ki67, and RT-qPCR of EMT-related factors (CDH1, VIM, CD44, CD24), integrins beta 1 (ITGB1), alpha 2 (ITGA2) and ILK. Integrin and ILK expression in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced EMT of the PMC42-ET breast cancer cell line was assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, as were the effects of their transient knockdown via small interfering RNA +/- EGF. Cell migration, changes in cell morphology and adhesion of siRNA-transfected PMC42-ET cells to various extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates was assessed. RESULTS: The ED03 (ER+/PR-/HER2-/lobular) and EDW01 (ER+/PR-/HER2-/ductal) PDXs were both classified as molecular subtype luminal A. ED03 xenografts exhibited mutated E-cadherin with minimal expression, but remained vimentin-negative across all passages. In EDW01, the hypoxic indicator gene CAIX and Twist1 were co-ordinately upregulated at passages 4-5, corresponding with a decrease in E-cadherin. At passages 6-7, VIM was upregulated along with ITGB1 and ITGA2, consistent with an increasing EMT. The ED03 PDX displayed minimal change over passages in mice, for all genes examined. ILK, ITGB1 and ITGA2 mRNAs were also increased in the EGF-induced EMT of PMC42-ET cells (in which CDH1 was downregulated) although siRNA against these targets revealed that this induction was not necessary for the observed EMT. However, their knockdown significantly reduced EMT-associated adhesion and Transwell migration. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that despite an increase in ITGA2 and ITGB1 gene expression in the EMT exhibited by EDW01 PDX over multiple generations, this pathway may not necessarily drive the EMT process.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/genética , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Integrina alfa2/genética , Integrina beta1/genética , Adulto , Animais , Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/secundário , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/genética , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Humanos , Camundongos , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Regulação para Cima , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
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