Site Occupancies, Electron-Vibration Interaction and Energy Transfer of CaMgSi2 O6 : Eu2+ , Mn2+ Phosphors for Potential Temperature-Sensing and Anti-counterfeiting Applications.

Eu2+ -, Mn2+ - and Eu2+ -Mn2+ -doped CaMgSi2 O6 phosphors have been prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction. Systematic investigation of the concentration- and temperature-dependent luminescence of Mn2+ showed that Mn2+ ions occupy two distinct sites in CaMgSi2 O6 . Electron-vibration interaction (EVI) analyses of Mn2+ ions revealed Huang-Rhys factors of 4.73 and 2.82 as well as effective phonon energies of 313 and 383 cm-1 for the two sites. Eu2+ -Mn2+ energy transfer is also discussed, and its efficiency is estimated by lifetime and luminescence spectra. The different thermal quenching behaviours of Eu2+ and Mn2+ , the distinct emission colours of Eu2+ (blue, band peak at ∼451 nm) and Mn2+ (yellow-red range, band peaks at ∼583 and 693 nm) endow the co-doped samples with potential applications in luminescence thermometry and temperature-/excitation wavelength-responsive dual anti-counterfeiting.

Persistent luminescence of CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Dy(3+) and CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Ce(3+) phosphors prepared using the solid-state reaction method.

CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Dy(3+) and CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Ce(3+) phosphors were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) analyses were used to characterize the phosphors. The XRD results revealed that the synthesized CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Dy(3+) and CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Ce(3+) phosphors were crystalline and are assigned to the monoclinic structure with a space group C2/c. The calculated crystal sizes of CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Dy(3+) and CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Ce(3+) phosphors with a main (221) diffraction peak were 44.87 and 53.51 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the proper preparation of the sample. The PL emission spectra of CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Dy(3+) and CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Ce(3+) phosphors have a broad band peak at 444.5 and 466 nm, respectively, which is due to electronic transition from 4f(6) 5d(1) to 4f(7). The afterglow results indicate that the CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Dy(3+) phosphor has better persistence luminescence than the CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+),Ce(3+) phosphor.

Characterization and luminescence properties of CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+ blue phosphor.

A blue CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+) phosphor was prepared by the solid-state reaction method and the phosphor characterized in terms of crystal structure, particle size, photoluminescence (PL), thermoluminescence (TL) and mechanoluminescence (ML) properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), PL spectroscopy, TLD reader and ML impact technique. The XRD result shows that phosphor is formed in a single phase and has a monoclinic structure with the space group C2/c. Furthermore, the PL excitation spectra of Eu(2+) -doped CaMgSi2 O6 phosphor showed a strong band peak at 356 nm and the PL emission spectrum has a peak at 450 nm. The depths and frequency factors of trap centers were calculated using the TL glow curve by deconvolution method in which the trap depths were found to be 0.48 and 0.61 eV. The formation of CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+) phosphor was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The ML intensity increased linearly with the impact velocity of the piston used to deform the phosphor. It was shown that the local piezoelectricity-induced electron bombardment model is responsible for the ML emission. Finally, the optical properties of CaMgSi2O6:Eu(2+) phosphors are discussed.