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1.
Glob Chang Biol ; 27(18): 4322-4338, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34091996

RESUMO

Predation from the invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish is likely to amplify declines in marine fishes observed in multiple ocean basins. As the invasion intensifies and expands, there is an urgent need to identify species that are most at risk for extirpation-and possible extinction-from this added threat. To address this gap and inform conservation plans, we develop and apply a quantitative framework for classifying the relative vulnerability of fishes based on morphological and behavioural traits known to influence susceptibility to lionfish predation (e.g. body shape, water column position and aggregation behaviour), habitat overlap with lionfish, and degree of geographic range restriction. Applying the framework to fishes across the invaded Caribbean Sea and ahead of the invasion front in the southwestern Atlantic revealed the identity of at least 77 fishes with relatively small ranges that are likely to be most affected by lionfish predation. Trait-based vulnerability scores significantly predict the probability of fishes appearing within the diets of lionfish across the invaded region. Spatial richness analyses reveal hotspots of vulnerable species in the Bahamas, Belize and Curaçao. Crucially, our framework identifies 29 vulnerable fishes endemic to Brazil, which has not yet been colonized by lionfish. Of these, we suggest reefs around offshore island groups occupied by a dozen highly vulnerable and range-restricted species as priorities for intervention should lionfish spread to the region. Observations of the rate of lionfish spread across the invaded range suggest that an average of 5 years (with a median of nearly 2 years) elapses from first sighting to maximum observed densities. This lag may allow managers to mobilize plans to suppress lionfish ahead of an invasion front in priority locations. Our framework also provides a method for assessing the relative vulnerability of cryptobenthic and/or deep-reef fishes, for which population-monitoring data are limited.


Assuntos
Recifes de Corais , Espécies Introduzidas , Animais , Ecossistema , Peixes , Comportamento Predatório
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; Rev. biol. trop;59(3): 1195-1203, Sept. 2011. mapas, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-638153

RESUMO

Ecological studies on commercial important fish species are of great value to support resource management issues. This study calculated trophic levels of those Colombian Caribbean fish species whose diet has been locally described. Usable diet data of 119 species resulted in 164 trophic level estimates. An ordinary regression model relating trophic level and fish size was formulated. The regression slope was positive and significantly different from zero (p<0.05) suggesting a scaling of trophic level with fish size. Both the list of trophic levels and the regression model should be of help in the formulation of trophic indicators and models of neotropical ecosystems. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (3): 1195-1203. Epub 2011 September 01.


Estudios ecológicos de especies de peces importantes comercialmente son de gran valor como insumos en temas de manejo. Aquí se presenta estimaciones del nivel trófico de aquellas especies de peces del Caribe colombiano cuya dieta ha sido descrita localmente. Información utilizable sobre 119 especies resulto en 164 estimaciones de nivel trófico. Se propone un modelo de regresión ordinaria entre el nivel trófico y el tamaño de los peces. La pendiente resultó positiva y significativamente diferente de cero (p<0.05) lo cual sugiere una relación moduladora entre el nivel trófico y el tamaño de los peces. Tanto la lista de niveles tróficos como el modelo de regresión, deben ser de ayuda en la formulación de indicadores tróficos y modelos de los ecosistemas neotropicales.


Assuntos
Animais , Cadeia Alimentar , Peixes/fisiologia , Região do Caribe , Colômbia , Comportamento Alimentar , Peixes/classificação , Conteúdo Gastrointestinal
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