Association of parent-child discrepancies in educational aspirations with physical fitness, quality of life and school adaptation among adolescents: a multiple mediation model.

BACKGROUND: The global public health issue of diminishing physical fitness among adolescents has gained increasing attention. The impact of parents' negative emotions or pressure regarding adolescents' educational aspirations may have a passive impact on the quality of life and adaptation of adolescents in and out of school, and ultimately harm their physical health. This study aims to explore whether parent-child discrepancies in educational aspirations influence physical fitness in adolescents through school adaptation and quality of life. METHODS: Participants consisted of 9,768 students, males 4,753(48.7%), females 5,015(51.3%), aged 11-19 years, males 14.3 ± 1.92, females 14.4 ± 1.93. The educational aspirations were gauged using a six-point scale for expectation scores. Physical fitness assessments were based on criteria from the National Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey. School adaptation was evaluated using the School Social Behaviors Scale-2. Quality of life for adolescents was measured using Chinese version of the Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents. To analyze the multiple mediating effects, structural equation models were used, and 95% confidence intervals were determined through bootstrap methods. RESULTS: The results illustrated that school adaptation and quality of life played a significant mediating role in the effect of parent-child discrepancies in educational aspirations and physical fitness. There were three intermediary paths were confirmed: (1) discrepancies in educational aspirations → school adaptation → physical fitness (ß=-0.088 SE = 0.021; p<0.01; 95% CI: -0.135, -0.05); (2) discrepancies in educational aspirations → quality of life → physical fitness (ß=-0.025; SE = 0.011; p = 0.010; 95% CI: -0.050, -0.006); (3) discrepancies in educational aspirations → school adaptation→ quality of life → physical fitness (ß=-0.032; SE = 0.014; p = 0.011; 95% CI: -0.061, -0.007). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that parents should reduce negative emotions and pressure regarding adolescents' academic aspirations may help their children get better physical fitness.

Multiple mediation of the association between childhood emotional abuse and adult obesity by anxiety and bulimia - a sample from bariatric surgery candidates and healthy controls.

Bulimia, which means a person has episodes of eating a very large amount of food (bingeing) during which the person feels a loss of control over their eating, is the most primitive reason for being overweight and obese. The extended literature has indicated that childhood emotional abuse has a close relationship with adverse mood states, bulimia, and obesity. To comprehensively understand the potential links among these factors, we evaluated a multiple mediation model in which anxiety/depression and bulimia were mediators between childhood emotional abuse and body mass index (BMI). A set of self-report questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), was sent out. Clinical data from 37 obese patients (age: 29.65 ± 5.35, body mass index (BMI): 37.59 ± 6.34) and 37 demographically well-matched healthy people with normal body weight (age: 31.35 ± 10.84, BMI: 22.16 ± 3.69) were included in the investigation. We first performed an independent t-test to compare all scales or subscale scores between the two groups. Then, we conducted Pearson correlation analysis to test every two variables' pairwise correlation. Finally, multiple mediation analysis was performed with BMI as the outcome variable, and childhood emotional abuse as the predictive variable. Pairs of anxiety, bulimia, and depression, bulimia were selected as the mediating variables in different multiple mediation models separately. The results show that the obese group reported higher childhood emotional abuse (t = 2.157, p = 0.034), worse mood state (anxiety: t = 5.466, p < 0.001; depression: t = 2.220, p = 0.030), and higher bulimia (t = 3.400, p = 0.001) than the healthy control group. Positive correlations were found in every pairwise combination of BMI, childhood emotional abuse, anxiety, and bulimia. Multiple mediation analyses indicate that childhood emotional abuse is positively linked to BMI (ß = 1.312, 95% CI = 0.482-2.141). The model using anxiety and bulimia as the multiple mediating variables is attested to play roles in the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and obesity (indirect effect = 0.739, 95% CI = 0.261-1.608, 56.33% of the total effect). These findings confirm that childhood emotional abuse contributes to adulthood obesity through the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and bulimia. The present study adds another potential model to facilitate our understanding of the eating psychopathology of obesity.

Effects of perceived stress on turnover intention of female healthcare staff: a serial multiple mediation model.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare staff in China, especially females, work in a high-pressure, high-load, and high-risk environment, which affects the physical and mental health, the efficiency and quality of work, and increases turnover intention. The present study investigated the relationship between perceived stress and turnover intention in female healthcare staff, and the effects of future-oriented coping and work-family balance on this relationship. METHODS: Four hundred thirty-five female medical workers were recruited to perform a perceived stress scale, future-oriented coping inventory, work-family balance scale and turnover intention scale. Meanwhile, serial multiple mediation analysis was performed using PROCESS. RESULTS: 1) Perceived stress positively predicted the level of turnover intention in female healthcare staff; 2) Preventive coping and proactive coping showed mediation effects on the relationship between perceived stress and turnover intention, and preventive coping positively related to proactive coping; 3) The work-family balance also showed mediation effects on the relationship between perceived stress and turnover intention; 4) Preventive coping, proactive coping and work-family balance showed a serial multiple mediation on the relationship between perceived stress and turnover intention in female healthcare workers. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived stress affects the level of turnover intention in female healthcare staff through preventive coping, proactive coping, and work-family balance. In addition, the sequential model of future-oriented coping was validated among female healthcare staff.

[Effect of Family Functioning on Adolescents' Internalizing and Externalizing Problem Behaviors: The Multiple Mediating Roles of Empathy and Emotional Competence]. / å®¶åº­åŠŸèƒ½å¯¹é’å°‘å¹´å† å¤–åŒ–é—®é¢˜è¡Œä¸ºçš„å½±å“ï¼šå ±æƒ å’Œæƒ ç»ªèƒ½åŠ›çš„å¤šé‡ä¸­ä»‹ä½œç”¨.

Objective: To examine the mediating role of empathy and emotional competence in the association between family functioning and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among adolescents in China. Methods: In this study, we used the data from the June-July 2022 survey of Chengdu Positive Child Development (CPCD) cohort. All respondents were 5th-9th graders from six primary or secondary schools in Chengdu. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument (C-FAI), the empathy subscale of the Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (C-IRI), and the emotional competence (EC) subscale of the Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale (CPYD) were used to evaluate the respondents' internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, family functioning, empathy, and emotional competence, respectively. The average score derived from the total score of a scale divided by the number of entries in each dimension was used as the final score of the scale. Independent samples t-tests or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to examine the differences in family functioning, empathy, emotional competence, and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors across student groups with different demographic characteristics (sex, grade, and region). Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between family functioning, empathy, emotional competence, and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. AMOS 24.0 was used to validate the hypothesized model and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the mediating effects of empathy and emotional competence between family functioning and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among adolescents. Results: A total of 3026 eligible participants were included, including 1548 (51.16%) male students and 1478 (48.84%) female students. Among the respondents, 798 (26.37%) were 5th graders, 738 (24.39%) were 6th graders, 567 (18.74%) were 7th graders, 614 (20.29%) were 8th graders, and 309 (10.21%) were 9th graders. In addition, 2064 (68.21%) of all respondents were from urban areas and 962 (31.79%) were from rural areas. The results of the difference analysis showed that the differences in adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors were statistically significant between students of different grades (P=0.004), and that the differences in family functioning and empathy scores were also statistically significant between students of different grades (all P<0.001), whereas the differences in adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors were not statistically significant between sexes and regions (P=0.919, 0.959). The results of correlation analysis showed that family functioning scores (the higher the score, the worse the family functioning) were significantly negatively correlated with empathy and emotional competence (r=-0.482, -0.432, P<0.01), and significantly positively correlated with internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors (r=0.220, P<0.01). Empathy was significantly positively correlated with emotional competence (r=0.402, P<0.01). Empathy and emotional competence were significantly negatively correlated with all the dimensions of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors (r=-0.115, -0.305, P<0.01). Emotional competence partially mediated the relationship between family functioning and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, with a mediation effect value being 0.042 (95% [confidence interval] CI: 0.031-0.057). Empathy and emotional competence had chain mediation effect between family functioning and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, with the value of the mediation effect being 0.010 (95% CI: 0.007-0.014). Conclusion: Family functioning influences adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors in a direct way and through the chain-mediating roles of empathy and emotional competence.

Relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and internet addiction with insomnia and depression as multiple mediators during the COVID-19 pandemic: a three-wave longitudinal study in Chinese college students.

BACKGROUND: The relationships between fruit and vegetable consumption (FV) and Internet addiction (IA) in college students still remained unknown together with the internal mechanisms. Given the limitations of previous cross-sectional design, longitudinal research was necessary to be conducted to explore more precise correlations. Using the three-wave data in a longitudinal design, this study aimed to explore the association between FV and IA among Chinese college students and potential multiple mediators of insomnia and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A total of 579 college students were recruited during three waves (T1: August 2020; T2: November 2020; T3: February 2021). FV (T1), insomnia (T2), depression (T2) and IA (T3) symptoms were reported. The descriptive statistics of the sociodemographic characteristics and correlation analyses of the study variables were calculated. The significance of the mediation effects was measured conducting a bootstrap method with SPSS PROCESS macro. RESULTS: FV was negatively correlated with IA, and lower FV predicted higher risk of IA. Depression mediated the association between FV and subsequent IA. Insomnia and depression were multiple mediators, which in turn mediated the links between FV and subsequent IA. CONCLUSIONS: The three-wave longitudinal study has revealed that FV had indirect effects on IA through individual mediating factor of depression and multiple mediating roles of insomnia and depression sequentially. The policy makers, educators and researchers should pay attention to the impact of the interventions from healthy diet, in order to optimize the coping strategies for preventing college students from IA.

Serial multiple mediation of loneliness and depressive symptoms in the relationship between pain and cognitive function among older people.

OBJECTIVES: Although the negative effect of pain on cognitive function has been widely reported, it is unclear how the effect is mediated. The aim of this study is to analyze the mediating role of loneliness and depressive symptoms in the association between pain and cognitive function. METHODS: A total of 6,309 participants aged ≥50 years from 2012/13 (T1), 2014/15 (T2), 2016/17 (T3) and 2018/19 (T4) of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) were included. Of them, 55.8% were females, and the median age (rang) was 65 (50-99) years at T1. Serial mediation analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3. RESULTS: The mediation model explained 10.1% of the variance in loneliness, 22.1% of the variance of depressive symptoms, and 22.7% of the variance of cognitive function. Higher level pain was associated with poorer cognitive function (c: ß = -0.057; p < 0.001). The negative effect of pain on cognition was mediated separately and sequentially through loneliness and depressive symptoms, with loneliness and depressive symptoms explaining 8.8% of the total effect, respectively, and the pathway of loneliness and subsequent depression explaining 1.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Diversified interventions aimed at treating pain in older adults would be beneficial for their mental health and cognitive function.

Nurse managers' burnout and organizational support: The serial mediating role of leadership and resilience.

AIMS: To investigate the relationship between organizational support and nurse managers' burnout and the serial multiple mediating effects of leadership and resilience. BACKGROUND: Nurse managers are at a high risk of burnout, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, no research has been done to examine the associations between nurse managers' organizational support, leadership, resilience and burnout. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 458 nurse managers from 13 tertiary public hospitals in Jiangsu, China. They completed the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support, the Clinical Leadership Survey, the Resilience Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventor-Human Service Survey. The serial mediating effect of individual leadership and resilience was estimated using the structural equation modelling method via Mplus 7.0. RESULTS: There were direct and indirect effects of organizational support on burnout, controlling for work variables. Leadership and resilience serially mediate the association between organizational support and burnout (ß = -.051, 95% confidence interval: -0.093 to -0.020). CONCLUSIONS: Among nurse managers, organizational support may be sequentially associated with improved leadership first and then resilience, which in turn is related to decreased burnout. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: We recommend that hospital administrators incorporate leadership, resilience and burnout assessment in the routine psychological screening of nurse managers and creatively apply the organizational interventions to decrease nurse managers' burnout.

The path linking disease severity and cognitive function with quality of life in Parkinson's disease: the mediating effect of activities of daily living and depression.

BACKGROUND: Research on quality of life (QOL) with Parkinson's disease (PD) has examined direct influencing factors, not mediators. The study aim was to explore whether PD severity and poor cognitive function may decrease physical and mental QOL by reducing activities of daily living (ADL) and increasing depression in sequence. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study of 150 PD hospital patients in China. PD severity, cognitive function, ADL, depression, and QOL were evaluated. We used structural equation modeling to analyze the mediating effects of ADL and depression on the association between PD severity/cognition and the physical health and mental health component summary scores measured by the SF36 quality of life instrument. RESULTS: There was a significant mediating effect of PD severity on physical health via ADL and depression (95% CI: - 0.669, - 0.026), and a significant direct effect (p < 0.001). The mediating effect of PD severity on mental health via ADL and depression was significant (95% CI: - 2.135, - 0.726), but there was no direct effect (p = 0.548). There was a significant mediating effect of cognitive function on physical health via ADL and depression (95% CI: 0.025, 0.219) and a significant direct effect (p < 0.001). The mediating effect of cognitive function on mental health via ADL and depression was significant (95% CI: 0.256, 0.645), but there was no direct effect (p = 0.313). The physical health models showed a partial mediation, and the mental health models showed a complete mediation, of ADL and depression. CONCLUSIONS: PD severity and cognitive function increase depression by reducing ADL, leading to lower QOL, and directly or indirectly affect physical health and mental health through different pathways.

The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Despite the substantial burden of caring schizophrenic patients, primary caregivers can also experience posttraumatic growth (PTG) which may buffer their negative experience. Influencing factors of PTG and their functional pathways among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients remain unclear. This study is designed to test the simple and serial mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and PTG among those primary caregivers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2018 to January 2019, and 365 primary caregivers (self-reported) of schizophrenic patients were analyzed. Measures used to assess their perceived social support, coping styles, resilience, and PTG were the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to run the analysis. RESULTS: The average scores of PTG (range: 0-5), perceived social support (range: 1-7), positive coping style (range: 0-3), negative coping style (range: 0-3), resilience (range: 0-4) reported by primary caregivers was (2.91 ± 0.99), (4.80 ± 1.26), (1.79 ± 0.65), (1.49 ± 0.56), and (2.46 ± 0.66), respectively. The fitness indices of measurement and structural models were satisfactory. Three indirect pathways totally explained 55.56% variance of the PTG. The indirect effect of positive coping style between perceived social support and PTG was 0.20 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.37], and this simple mediation pathway explained 27.78% variance of PTG. The indirect effect of resilience between perceived social support and PTG was 0.11 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.20], and this simple mediation pathway explained 15.28% variance of PTG. The indirect effect of positive coping style and then resilience between perceived social support and PTG was 0.09 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.17], and this serial mediation pathway explained 12.50% variance of PTG. CONCLUSIONS: Both simple and serial mediation roles of positive coping style and resilience are established in the relationship between perceived social support and PTG among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients. Positive coping style and resilience are two important targets for future interventional studies, and interventions on them may bring the synergistic effect on improving PTG.

Mediating roles of psychological factors and physical and social environments between socioeconomic status and dietary behaviors among African Americans with overweight or obesity.

The study aim was to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and dietary behaviors through psychological and environmental mediators among African Americans with overweight or obesity. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 225 African American men and women. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with bootstrapping procedures. In the multiple mediation model, SES had a significant indirect effect on dietary behaviors through psychological and environmental factors (ß = -.27; p = .01; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.59--0.10), but it had no significant direct effect on dietary behaviors (ß = .06; p = .70; 95% CI = -0.21-0.39). SES had significant direct effects on psychological (ß = .52; p = .01; 95% CI = 0.31-0.77) and environmental factors (ß = -.40; p = .03; 95% CI = -0.53--0.25). Psychological (ß = -.31; p = .02; 95% CI = -0.68--0.04) and environmental factors (ß = .26; p = .01; 95% CI = 0.04-0.47) also showed significant direct effects on dietary behaviors. Thus, psychological and environmental factors mediated the relationship between SES and dietary behaviors in African Americans with overweight or obesity. Interventions that enhance psychological and environmental factors such as self-efficacy, perceived barriers to healthy eating, health perceptions, and physical and social environments may improve dietary behaviors among socioeconomically disadvantaged African Americans.

Influence of urban residents' life satisfaction on prosocial behavioral intentions in the community: A multiple mediation model.

Prosocial behavior is a category of acts that benefits other people and society. However, previous researchers have paid little attention to the study of community prosocial behavior. Accordingly, the present study adopts multiple mediation analysis to investigate how urban residents' life satisfaction influences their prosocial behavioral intentions in the community. This study collects data from an online survey of Chinese urban residents (N = 765) using self-administered questionnaires. Results show the following: (1) a positive association exists between urban residents' life satisfaction and their community prosocial behavioral intentions; (2) multiple mediation analysis reveals that orientation to meaning life, perception of virtuous humanity, and cognitive reappraisal mediated the relationship between urban residents' life satisfaction and prosocial behavioral intentions. These findings suggest that urban residents' life satisfaction may facilitate their community prosocial behavioral intentions via high levels of orientation to meaning life, perception of virtuous humanity, and cognitive reappraisal. This study also discusses certain contributions and limitations.

Strength use and nurses' depressive symptoms: The mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction.

AIMS: This study aimed to reveal the role of satisfying basic psychological needs in the relationship between strength use and depressive symptoms in nurses. BACKGROUND: There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among nurses. Previous studies on different groups have reported that strength use is beneficial for alleviating individuals' depressive symptoms. METHOD: A total of 475 participating Chinese nurses completed questionnaires. Hypotheses were tested using the PROCESS macro. RESULTS: Strength use was positively correlated with basic psychological needs satisfaction overall and negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, autonomy and relatedness satisfaction acted as mediating mechanisms through which strength use influenced depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Autonomy and relatedness satisfaction can mediate the influence of strength use on depressive symptoms in nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Focus should be placed on improving nurses' strength use level to reduce their depressive symptoms. Hospital managers should create an organisational environment conducive to meeting nurses' basic psychological needs and thereby reduce their depressive symptoms.

Relationships among parenting stress, health-promoting behaviors, and health-related quality of life in Korean mothers of children with cerebral palsy.

Health-promoting behaviors have been shown to enhance the quality of life across diverse populations. In this study, we examined the indirect effects of several health-promoting behaviors on the relationship between parenting stress and health-related quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). A convenience sample of Korean mothers (N = 180) of children aged 10 months to 12 years with CP was recruited from clinical and school settings. Health-promoting behaviors were measured using the health-promoting lifestyle profile II, which is comprised of six subscales: health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress management. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to examine the mediating role of these behavioral categories. Spiritual growth (ß = .56, p < .05) had an indirect effect on the relationship between parenting stress and physical health-related quality of life while spiritual growth (ß = -1.00, p < .01) and stress management (ß = -.80, p < .05) were found to mediate the association between parenting stress and mental health-related quality of life. The findings of multiple mediation analyses provide evidence of the influence of specific health-promoting behaviors on health-related quality of life, thereby informing the development of intervention programs for mothers of children with disabilities.

Self-control and parental control mediate the relationship between negative emotions and emotional eating among adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to simultaneously investigate the mediating effects of parental control and adolescents' self-control on the relationship between adolescents' negative emotions and emotional eating, and to determine pathways with the greatest effect among these variables. METHODS: Negative emotions, emotional eating, parental control, and self-control were investigated in 594 high school students (average age=16.70, SD=1.09) in Changsha City, China. RESULTS: High levels of negative emotions and parental control and low levels of self-control were strongly related to high levels of emotional eating in adolescents. In addition to the direct relationship between negative emotions and emotional eating, there was a mediating effect observed through low self-control and high parental control. The mediational effect of parental control was non-significant in adolescent boys. Furthermore, negative emotions related to emotional eating through the effect of parental control on adolescents' self-control. The degree to which both mediators explained the relationship between negative emotions and emotional eating ranged from 52.6% to 66.8%, and self-control had a stronger mediational effect than did parental control. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that both self-control and parental control should be considered in designing preventative measures against emotional eating in adolescents. Adolescent self-control training could also assist in preventing emotional eating.

The Relationship Between Harsh Parenting and Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents: Serial Mediating Role of Depression and Social Pain.

Purpose: With the increasing prevalence of smart phones, adolescent smartphone addiction has garnered significant attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that smartphone addiction is associated with various internalization and externalization problems. Therefore, this present study aims to investigate the risk factors contributing to adolescent smartphone addiction. Methods: Study 1 recruited a sample of 540, 690, and 470 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years for exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity analysis of the social pain scale. Study 2 utilized data from a sample of 718 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years to examine the measurement model used revised social pain scale, smartphone addiction scale, harsh parenting scale, and depression sub-scale. Results: The present study revealed that (1)The Social Pain Scale had good applicability in Chinese adolescents; (2) There were significant, positive correlations among harsh parenting, smartphone addiction, depression and social pain; (3) Social pain and depression played a partially serial mediating role in the relationship between harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, and similarly the relationship between paternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, while a completely serial mediating role in the relationship between maternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction. Conclusion: This study provides a direct path (improving parenting style) and an indirect path (reducing social pain to reduce depression) regarding interventions for adolescents with smartphone addiction, and establishes a basis for improving the situation of adolescent smartphone addiction.

Why Cannot I Stop Phubbing? Boredom Proneness and Phubbing: A Multiple Mediation Model.

Background: With the popularity of smartphone and their increasingly rich functions, people's attachment to their phones is increasing. While people enjoy the convenience that smartphone bring (eg, accessing information and socializing), it also leads to problematic smartphone use (eg, phubbing). Previous research has shown that boredom proneness can trigger phubbing. However, the underlying psychological mechanisms are not yet clear. Methods: To address this research gap, we surveyed 556 Chinese college students (Mage = 18.89 years, SD = 1.18) during the COVID-19 pandemic and all participants completed a self-report questionnaire. Drawing the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model (I-PACE) for addictive behaviors, this study developed and examined a multiple mediation model incorporating boredom proneness, loneliness, fear of missing out (FoMO), and phubbing. Results: (1) Boredom proneness could positively predict phubbing; (2) loneliness and FoMO mediated the relationship between boredom proneness and phubbing, respectively; and (3) loneliness and FoMO sequentially mediated the relationship between boredom proneness and phubbing. Conclusion: These findings are not only valuable for understanding the underlying mechanisms linking boredom proneness and phubbing, but also suggest that three types of interventions could be effectively used to decrease the risk of phubbing among college students, namely, reducing boredom proneness, relieving loneliness, and decreasing FoMO.

The relationship between parent-child relationship and peer victimization: a multiple mediation model through peer relationship and depression.

Introduction: Peer victimization is a highly prevalent worldwide issue with cross-cultural characteristics. Parent-child relationship and peer victimization is known to be interrelated, but how they influence each other remains unclear. This study explored the mechanisms of peer victimization related to parent-child relationship. Methods: A total of 58,756 fourth grade students aged 10-12 years (10.83 ± 0.83, 54.4% males) from China completed four questionnaires. A multiple mediator model was tested, in which the two variables influenced each other through the mediating factors of peer relationship and depression. Results: Peer victimization was indirectly negatively impacted by parent-child relationship through two chain mediating factors of peer relationship and depression: (1) the mediational path through peer relationship with an effect size of 44.66%; (2) the mediational path through depression with an effect size of 21.64%; and (3) the mediational path through peer relationship and depression with an effect size of 18.08%. The total mediational effect size was 84.11%. Conclusion: The effect size through peer relationship is the strongest among the three mediation paths, suggesting that peer relationship is the key determinant in breaking the link between parent-child relationship and victimization. Poor parent-child and peer relationships may be risk factors eliciting peer victimization. Compared to internalizing behaviors (e.g., depression), low-quality interpersonal relationships maybe the root cause of the formation and maintenance of victimization. Thus, intervention programs against bullying should pay more attention on children's contextual factors, especially their relationships with their families and peers, among children at an early age.

Parental burnout and adolescents' academic burnout: Roles of parental harsh discipline, psychological distress, and gender.

Parental burnout is an emerging hot issue in discussions about children's mental health and development. However, little is known about the underlying psychological mechanisms of parental burnout on children's academic burnout. To fill in this gap, we aim to examine the relationship between parental burnout and adolescents' academic burnout, as well as the mediating effects of harsh discipline, adolescents' psychological distress, and the moderating effect of gender. A sample of 871 junior high school students (477 boys and 394 girls) and their primary caregivers from Eastern China participated in this study. The results showed a direct relationship between parental burnout and academic burnout as well as an indirect relationship through the mediating role of psychological distress and the chain-mediating roles of parental harsh discipline and psychological distress. Furthermore, we discovered that fathers' parental burnout had a stronger effect on children's psychological distress than mothers. These findings contribute to our understanding of how parental burnout relates to children's academic burnout and underline the significance of fathers' parental burnout.

The impact of aspirin exposure prior to intensive care unit admission on the outcomes for patients with sepsis-associated acute respiratory failure.

Objectives: This present study aimed to infer the association between aspirin exposure prior to ICU admission and the clinical outcomes of patients with Sepsis-associated acute respiratory failure (S-ARF). Methods: We obtained data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV 2.0. Patients were divided into pre-ICU aspirin exposure group and Non-aspirin exposure group based on whether they took aspirin before ICU admission. The primary outcome is 28-day mortality. Augmented inverse propensity weighted was used to explore the average treatment effect (ATE) of the pre-ICU aspirin exposure. A generalized additive mixed model was used to analyze the longitudinal data of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), oxygenation index (P/F), dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), mechanical power (MP), and mechanical power normalized to predicted body weight (WMP) in the two groups. A multiple mediation model was constructed to explore the possible mediators between pre-ICU aspirin exposure and outcomes of patients with S-ARF. Results: A total of 2090 S-ARF patients were included in this study. Pre-ICU aspirin exposure decreased 28-day mortality (ATE, -0.1945, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.2786 to -0.1103, p < 0.001), 60-day mortality (ATE, -0.1781, 95% Cl, -0.2647 to -0.0915, p < 0.001), and hospital mortality (ATE, -0.1502, 95%CI, -0.2340 to -0.0664, p < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the ATE for 28-day mortality, 60-day mortality, and hospital mortality were not statistically significant in the coronary care unit group, high-dose group (over 100 mg/d), and no invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) group. After excluding these non-beneficiaries, Cdyn and P/F ratio of the pre-ICU aspirin exposure group increased by 0.31mL/cmH2O (SE, 0.21, p = 0.016), and 0.43 mmHg (SE, 0.24, p = 0.041) every hour compared to that of non-aspirin exposure group after initialing IMV. The time-weighted average of NLR, Cdyn, WMP played a mediating role of 8.6%, 24.7%, and 13% of the total effects of pre-ICU aspirin exposure and 28-day mortality, respectively. Conclusion: Pre-ICU aspirin exposure was associated with decreased 28-day mortality, 60-day mortality, and hospital mortality in S-ARF patients except those admitted to CCU, and those took a high-dose aspirin or did not receive IMV. The protective effect of aspirin may be mediated by a low dynamic level of NLR and a high dynamic level of Cdyn and WMP. The findings should be interpreted cautiously, given the sample size and potential for residual confounding.

The role of anxiety and depressive symptoms in mediating the relationship between subjective sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults in China.

BACKGROUND: Deterioration of cognitive function has a significant impact on the unavoidable burden on individuals, families, and society. This study aimed to examine the serial multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depressive symptoms on the relationship between subjective sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults in China. METHODS: We selected 6442 Chinese older adults aged 65 years and older from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The SPSS PROCESS macro was employed to perform simple and serial multiple mediation analyses. RESULTS: Subjective sleep quality, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and cognitive function were significantly related (P < 0.01). Poor sleep quality can have a direct negative influence on cognitive function among older adults (effect = -0.110; 95 % CI = [-0.166, -0.053]), but it can also have an indirect negative impact via three pathways: the independent mediation of anxiety symptoms (effect = -0.028; 95 % CI = [-0.048, -0.011]), the independent mediation of depressive symptoms (effect = -0.014; 95 % CI = [-0.026, -0.002]), and the serial mediation of anxiety and depressive symptoms (effect = -0.009; 95 % CI = [-0.017, -0.001]). LIMITATIONS: This study used a cross-sectional design, which restricts the ability to infer causal relationships. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of subjective sleep quality on cognitive function was serially mediated by anxiety and depressive symptoms among older adults. Diverse therapies targeted at improving sleep quality in older adults may improve mood and cognitive functioning.