The complete plastome sequence of Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A. DC. (Apocynaceae).

In this study, we determined the complete plastome sequence of Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A. DC. (Apocynaceae) (NCBI acc. no. KX364402). The gene order and structure of the C. macrocarpa plastome are similar to those of a typical angiosperm. The complete plastome is 155,297 bp in length, and consists of a large single-copy region of 85,586 bp and a small single-copy region of 18,131 bp, which are separated by two inverted repeats of 25,792 bp. The plastome contains 113 genes, of which 79 are protein-coding genes, 30 are tRNA genes and 4 are rRNA genes. Sixteen genes contained one intron and two genes have two introns. The average A-T content of the plastome is 62.0%. A total of 31 simple sequence repeat loci were identified within the genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that C. macrocarpa is a member of the paraphyletic subfamily Rauvolfioideae of Apocynaceae. The sister group relationship of C. macrocarpa to the Apocynoideae-Asclepiadoideae clade is supported by 100% bootstrap values.

The complete plastome sequence of the endangered orchid Oberonia japonica (Orchidaceae).

In this study, we report the complete chloroplast sequence of Oberonia japonica (Maxim.) Makino (Orchidaceae) (NCBI acc. no. KX871235), which is an endangered plant species currently protected by the National Law of Korea. The gene order and content of the O. japonica plastome are similar to those of a typical orchid plastome. The 11 ndh genes are pseudogenized or lost completely from the plastome of O. japonica. The plastome contains 102 genes, of which 68 are protein-coding genes, 30 and four are transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, respectively. Sixteen genes contain one intron and two genes (clpP and ycf3) have two introns. The complete plastome is 142,996 bp long and consists of one large and small single copy each of 81,669 and 10,969 bp, respectively, separated by two inverted repeats of 25,179 bp. The AT content of the O. japonica plastome is 62.6%. Sixty-five simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, consisting of 56 mono-SSR, seven di-SSR, and two tri-SSR are scattered along the O. japonica plastome. Some of these plastome SSR loci may be useful for developing genetic markers for the O. japonica populations. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that O. japonica is a member of the Malaxideae. The genus Oberonia forms a monophyletic clade with Dendrobium.